Zimbabwe: Weather - ACT: 01-Jun-01
Action by Churches Together (ACT)
Appeal - Zimbabwe
Drought Relief - AFZW11
Appeal Target: US$ 2,020,339
Geneva, 31 May 2001
The first quarter of this year, Zimbabwe suffered both from a severe dry
spell in January which wilted most of the planted crop followed by floods
in February and March which hit the northern part of the country,
affecting mainly the Zambezi basin. Those crops that had survived the dry
spell succumbed to the floods and, with the food security situation made
worse by the drought and the floods, the coping mechanisms of the rural
households dropped to their lowest. Most of the rural dwellers have had to
dispose of their livestock at very low prices due to the glut in the
market. Moreover, this emergency has added to the economic slump caused by
the current political instability in the country.
ACT members the Lutheran Development Service (LDS) - formerly the Lutheran
World Federation, World Service (LWF/LWS) Zimbabwe Program and Christian
Care (CC) propose to assist some of the communities affected by severe
food shortages. Christian Care proposes to respond in; Harare,
Matebeleland and Midlands with assistance comprising Food for Work, Water
& Sanitation, Supplementary Feeding (for under fives) and school feeding.
The Lutheran Development Services will respond in, Midlands, Matebele
South, and Masvingo with Relief Food distribution through Food for Work
Programs and School Feeding.
Project Completion Date:
Christian Care - 29 February 2002
Lutheran Development Service - 31 March 2002
Summary of Appeal Targets, Pledges/Contributions Received and Balance
Requested
Less: Pledges Balance
Target & Contr Recd Requested
Christian Care 804,354 0 804,354
Lutheran Development Service 1,215,985 0 1,215,985
Total Target US$ 2,020,339 0 2,020,339
Ms. Genevieve Jacques Thor-Arne Prois Rev. Rudolf Hinz
Director ACT Coordinator Director
WCC/Cluster on Relations LWF/World Service
REQUESTING ACT MEMBER
Christian Care
IMPLEMENTING AGENCY INFORMATION
Christian Care is a Zimbabwean ecumenical organisation formed by 27
Zimbabwean Christian churches and church related organisations. It was
founded in 1967 as a welfare organisation.
Christian Care's mission is to improve the quality of life and the
self-supporting capacities of the disadvantaged people in Zimbabwe without
discrimination (e,g on the grounds of race, gender, political or religious
affiliation and/or ethnic identity) in an efficient and effective manner.
Between 1967 and 1979 Christian Care was actively engaged in public
witness, lobbying, diplomacy, mediation and advising people oppressed
under the Rhodesian regime, of their rights and how to exercise them. It
also provided support to political detainees and their families. With the
end of the war of national liberation and attainment of national
independence in 1980, Christian Care changed its work from relief to
encompass development work. The focus of Christian Care's work has become
more development oriented to the extent that it only carries out relief
work, in times of emergencies. But even this relief work has a strong
development bias.
The organisation's development work focuses on;
water supply and sanitation,
food security and nutrition,
income generation for poverty alleviation,
dam construction and irrigation development and;
emergencies.
In line with current schools of thought Christian Care has realised a
growing need to use participatory methodologies in all its programs and at
all levels of program development and management. Christian Care believes
that such an approach to rural development fosters lasting community
empowerment and ensures sustainable development.
Christian Cares experiences in Emergencies and Relief Work
Christian Care has long experience in dealing with emergency relief work
in Zimbabwe. For instance, during the period of civil war in Mozambique
Christian Care provided emergency relief to refugees fleeing the war in
that country. In that effort the organisation provided food, shelter and
clothing to the war victims. Furthermore, the organisation has always
sought assistance and provided emergency food aid to rural communities in
Zimbabwe in times of inadequate food resulting from droughts. In the
drought of 1997/98 for instance, Christian Care provided up to 3,595
metric tonnes of maize, 510 tonnes of beans and 151 tonnes of nutrimeal (a
fortified children's porridge meal) to more than 40,000 beneficiaries in
Masvingo, Matebeleland North & South Midlands and Manicaland provinces.
In 2000 Christian Care provided 169 metric tonnes of mealie meal, 24.4
tonnes of beans, 18.2 tonnes of Kapenta and, in addition to consumables,
Christian Care provided plastic sheeting and constructed at least 300
houses for the victims of cyclone Eline in Masvingo, Matebelelasnd North
and South , Midlands and Manicaland provinces as emergency relief aid.
DESCRPTION OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION
Drought
2001 started with a promise that farmers in most parts of the country
would recover from the effects of the ravaging Cyclone Eline that wrecked
the peasant community during the previous rainy season. Early planted
crops, albeit poor germination, had received rains for a good growth
start. Zimbabwe received normal rainfall during the beginning of the
2000/2001 rain season (mid November to mid-December) but thereafter the
country experienced a dry spell that devastated the early planted crops .
The dry spell that extended from January to the first week of February was
catastrophic for the community as their early-planted crops succumbed to
the scorching prolonged dry spell. Early planted crops wilted beyond
recovery shattering the entire peasant population's hopes for survival as
early planted crops constituted over 75% of the total planted crops in the
communal lands - a result of Department of Agricultural Extension services
encouraging farmers to plant crops early in the season.
Floods
Incessant rains that affected the country during the month of February and
March worsened the already ravaged communal lands which had experienced
the prolonged dry spell. The rains pounded continuously for almost a month
resulting in some parts of the three regions experiencing floods. The
late-planted crops, to which the communities had switched their hopes,
suffered from water logging and nutrient leaching. The situation has
exacerbated the already lopsided food security situation of the peasant
population.
The worst affected floods areas were Guruve and Muzarabani districts in
the Harare region. Both incessant rains in February and the opening of the
Kariba Floodgates caused flooding. Crops were submerged, houses and
granaries were destroyed, drinking water sources and sanitary facilities
were flooded while small livestock was drowned. This situation left many
families homeless and without food, clothing or cooking utensils. In Gokwe
in the Gweru region some areas were flooded and become inaccessible. To
date one school is still closed because of flooding.
The peasant farmers' food insecurity is worsened by the ever-declining
national economy. The poor performance of the economy that dates back from
the implementation of the country's economic reform Program (1991 - 1995)
has had negative and devastating effects on rural families. The prices of
basic commodities are spiralling under hyper-inflation of more 50 % making
it difficult for most households to afford two meals in a day. Price
hikes for social services such as health, education and transport have
also rocketed to levels beyond the reach of many rural families. The
closure and downsizing by firms has resulted in massive retrenchments
pushing national unemployment rates ± 60 %. The retrenched workers turn to
rural areas for subsistence farming for survival. All the above factors
show that the disaster of floods and drought hit the country when it was
least able to respond and the situation of the affected people is getting
worse
The rate of malnutrition (between 10% and 24%) has reached unacceptable
levels in children under five years of age. Malnutrition rates beyond 5%
are worrisome and need urgent intervention. The problem of food
insecurity is compounding the problems of diseases such as the AIDS
pandemic that continues to wreak havoc on the economically active age
group of the community.
The problem has not spared schools that currently experience low
attendance. Many school children join their parents, most of whom have
resorted to gold panning, as they endeavour to fend for food for their
households. Some children can go without a decent meal for over a week
and as a result drop out of school as they do not have the strength to
attend and concentrate on lessons.
The Government of Zimbabwe has stopped the grain loan scheme and replaced
it with a Public Works Program. Under this Program drought stricken
people work on projects aimed at improving their local environments for
$250 per month. However, this is largely a political statement as there
are no resources in state coffers, given the falling national economy.
Mberengwa, Zvishavane and Gokwe South rural district councils have
approached Christian Care to intervene.
Impact On Human Lives
It has been estimated that either drought or floods have affected
thousands of people in different ways and many are faced with starvation
and the children threatened with malnutrition. Christian Care's capacity
to support all the affected people in Zimbabwe is limited, therefore its
efforts will be complemented by other Non-Governmental Organisations
operating in the country as well as Government Units such as the Civil
Protection Unit. Christian Care's efforts will be directed towards the
following affected population :
43,800 people who have had all their crops destroyed by either floods or
drought and are therefore faced with starvation. They will receive food
under the food for work schemes.
1,500 children under the age of five years and 2,500 school children
threatened with severe malnutrition in Mashonaland, Midlands and
Matabeleland regions will receive nutrimeal porridge.
GOAL & OBJECTIVES
Goal: The goal of the Program is to improve the quality of life for
selected communities throughout the country by making food, water and
sanitation facilities available to the most drought/flood affected
communities.
Objectives
To make food immediately available to 14,900 people and 1,500 children
below five years of age and 1,500 school children in all regions which
were affected by the drought and floods.
To maintain school attendance levels in Midlands through school
supplementary feeding.
To contribute towards reduction of malnutrition rates in children under
five years of age to 5% over a period of nine months.
To help communities affected by floods in Muzarabani and Tsholotsho to
return to their normal life by rehabilitating and providing water
sanitation facilities.
Rehabilitation of one irrigation scheme in Matabeleland.
BENEFICIARY INFORMATION AND TARGETTED AREAS
The selection of areas was based on the allocations made at the District
Civil Protection Co-ordinating Committee of which all NGOs are members.
Selection of beneficiaries is based on the level of destruction of
livelihoods with those worst affected. For example: category 1 has those
who lost homes, household property, food as well as water and sanitation
facilities; category 2 includes those whose fields were washed away or
became water logged.
Table 1 below gives detail of the number of targeted beneficiaries per
region by component. The support will be given for 9 months to January
2002.
MASHONALAND REGION
Lower Guruve
Lower Guruve is a district situated 152km north-west of Harare, Zimbabwe's
capital city. Internally it borders Muzarabani (Centenary) district to the
East, of Mashonaland province and externally it borders with Mozambique to
the north-east and Zambia to the north-west.
The district has a total of eleven wards with approximately 135, 637
people. The community faces challenges of food deficits owing to a
prolonged dry spell that devastated early-planted crops to a complete
write off. Continuous heavy rains that pounded the entire area of Guruve
resulting in floods following the prolonged dry spell. The floods caused
water logging and nutrient leaching that adversely affected crops. The
opening up of Kariba Dam flood gates also exacerbated the flooding
situation and 6 deaths were reported whilst over 40 households remained
without shelter. Hundreds of small livestock were lost and thousands of
hectares of cropping land damaged.
Latrines and some water sources have been destroyed worsening the health
situation in the area. There are three wards mostly affected - Angwa Ward
2, Chapoto and Neshangwe Ward 2. As such Christian Care would like to
assist the three wards though priority will be given to the most affected
ward if resources are limited. The support for drought victims will
spread over a 9 month period to February 2002
Table 1 Number of targeted beneficiaries of proposed assistance.
Regions
Districts
Wards
Programs
Food for work
Child supplementary program
School feeding program
Construction of Blair toilets
Mashonaland
Muzarabani
Chadereka
2,000
150
Guruve
1,400
Kariba
Negande 5
1,200
Negande 6
1,400
Total
6,000
Midlands
Mberengwa
Mushandirapamwe
700
300
500
Ukomba
1,000
300
500
Total
1,700
600
1000
Gokwe
Nemangwe 12
1,000
300
500
Nemangwe 10
1,000
300
500
Total
2,000
600
1000
Zvishavane
Mhototi
1,000
300
500
Total
1,000
300
500
Matebeleland
Beitridge
2,000
Tsholotsho
2,500
Total
4,500
TOTAL
15,200
1,500
2,500
150
Kariba District
Omay communal land is in the Kariba District of Mashonaland West Province
and is located 550km from Harare and 150km from Kariba town.
The area is an arid agro-ecological zone and is highly prone to drought.
The area received late rains making it difficult for farmers to plant
early crops with some failing to plant at all. The continuous heavy rains
that pounded the area resulted in water logging and flooding.
Four wards in the district were the worst affected . However support will
be given to 2 wards Negande 5 and 6.
Muzarabani District
This district is situated 210km to the north of Harare. The district was
devastated by drought experienced in January which destroyed all crops to
a point of no recovery. Shortly afterwards, continuous rains pounded the
area for about a month resulting in floods. The floods submerged and
water logged crops, destroyed houses and granaries and small livestock was
washed away. Water sources such as boreholes and wells collapsed with
some becoming contaminated leaving the entire communities with no safe
sources of drinking water. Sanitary facilities were not spared as all were
destroyed (150 toilets collapsed) further contaminating water sources.
Six people died through drowning. The double tragedy left the communities
with no shelter, food, clothing and sanitary facilities. Communication in
the area has been disrupted due to roads that have been made impassable by
floods.
MIDLANDS REGION
Zvishavane District
Zvishavane District is situated 115km from the provincial capital of
Gweru. The affected communal areas are within a radius of 40km from
Zvishavane town. The district was severely affected by a prolonged dry
spell. Early planted crops were scorched beyond recovery by the drought.
The worst affected area in the district covers two wards, Mushandirapamwe
and Ukomba where Christian Care will concentrate assistance.
Mberengwa District.
It lies to the south of Midlands province and is about 200km from the
provincial town of Gweru. The area is in the arid environments and is
highly prone to drought. The prolonged dry spell destroyed crops to a
complete write off. Incessant rains followed the dry spell that flooded
some areas in the district but the program will concentrate in two wards.
The peasant population now faces starvation, as they have no hope to
harvest anything from their arable lands. Rates of malnutrition in
Mberengwa show signs of an upsurge although standing at 21% (Source: Min
of Health - Mberengwa District.)
There are also reports of children fainting at schools and schools
recording low attendance and dropouts.
Gokwe South District
It lies to the north west of Midlands Province and is situated about 250km
from the provincial capital of Gweru. The district experienced the double
tragedy of severe prolonged dry spell followed by incessant rains. The dry
spell scorched all early-planted crops to a complete write off. Incessant
rains that pounded the area for more than a month made some places
inaccessible and most arable land waterlogged. Crops suffered from lack of
adequate nutrients because of nutrient leaching and most affected were the
late-planted crops. One school has been closed because of inaccessibility
caused by flooding. The whole district has been affected but Christian
Care will focus its attention on two wards only that have been badly
affected.
Malnutrition is now rife as evidenced by recorded rates of up to
24.6%.(Source: Min of Health - Gokwe South District).
MATEBELELAND REGION
Beit bridge District
This district is located in Matebeleland South Province about 320km to the
south of Bulawayo. During the year 1999-2000 the province succumbed to the
effects of Cyclone Eline. The communities' situation has been exacerbated
by drought that has seen the region receiving 43% of the normal rainfall.
Consequently, the communities will not harvest anything from their fields.
2,150 households urgently need food for them to be able to lead normal
lives. Cases of malnutrition are on the increase resulting in high
morbidity and mortality in children less than five years of age.
Three irrigation schemes in the district were badly damaged by cyclone
Eline floods. This has negatively affected production linked with the
schemes. The proposal seeks to have two schemes, Bili and Jalukanga
repaired under the food for work Program.
Tsholotsho District.
Tsholotsho District is located in Matebeleland North Province and is 200km
from Bulawayo City. Continuous rains pounded the area for about 2 weeks
resulting in floods. Low-lying areas were badly affected by floods when
the Gwayi River burst its banks compounding the flood situation.
Communities in the low-lying areas lost their crops, houses and granaries,
clothes and small livestock.
Targeted beneficiaries.
The Program will benefit all households affected by either drought or
floods in the selected areas for 9 months from May 2001 to January 2002.
Although all people were affected, women and children are more vulnerable.
The Program is set to make food available to those vulnerable groups of
the rural communities and to construct/improve water and sanitation
facilities.
Criteria used for beneficiary selection
The District Civil Protection Units are responsible for the selection and
registration of all the affected people. Rural Districts Councils have
Social Service Department committees with representatives from district
wards. These representatives work with local counsellors and other civil
leaders to select those affected by drought or floods. Those to benefit
from relief aid include:
Those with crops destroyed by either floods or drought.
Those whose water and sanitation facilities were destroyed by flooding.
IMPLEMENTATION DESCRIPTION PER ACTIVITY
The Program will basically consist of five components:
Provision of maize grain under Food for Work concept.
Child supplementary feeding for the under fives.
School feeding
Drought Recovery/Rehabilitation Program that entails reconstruction of
blair toilets for the households affected by floods.
Domestic water supply and rehabilitation
Food for work
Drought stricken households will work for maize grain. Each household will
send one member to work on projects aimed at improving the community's
local environment. The projects will include working on:
Dam construction
Construction of community granaries (Zunde Ramambo) The community will be
expected to store grain from the Zunde Ramambo plots
Gully reclamation and reforestation projects of the community.
Construction work of local school and health centre.
Repair of damaged roads in the area.
Repair of damaged irrigation schemes specifically in Beit Bridge District.
Production of food in nutrition gardens - The situation in the affected
areas is such that there is a food shortage yet there is plenty of surface
water as a result of flooding and water-logging. The beneficiaries will
therefore not be given any beans or kapenta but rather they will be
encouraged to produce vegetables in their nutrition gardens. No budget has
been provided for this. However, there are already functional gardens
supported by Christian Care in most communities.
Child supplementary feeding
The Child Supplementary Feeding component will meet the balanced
nutritional needs of children who are five years of age and below. The
ration will be 100g of nutri- meal per day. Feeding points will be
established at villages. The Program will resuscitate some of the feeding
points that were established by the government. In an effort to prevent
stigmatisation children will not be screened.
School feeding program
The Program will benefit children at primary schools from grade 1 to grade
3. One thousand five hundred children will benefit from the project and
the ration will be 100gm per child per day five days per week.
Nutri-meal porridge will provide a wide range of nutritional requirements,
which among other things include carbohydrates, protein, fibre, vitamins
and other micro mineral salts.
Domestic Water Supply & Rehabilitation
Due to the flooding that occurred in Muzarabani a number of water sources
were destroyed. The Program will therefore focus on rehabilitation and
flushing of damaged bore holes and drilling bore holes in areas where
communities were depending on open unprotected wells. Geo-physical
prospecting of new water sites will be conducted and main works will be
constructed on 5 sites. The community will be trained in community based
management of water sources through water point committees and they will
be supported with maintenance kits as part of the training package.
ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, MONITORING & REPORTING
Administration
Implementation of the Program demands co-operation of all stakeholders in
rural development. The Civil Protection Unit will co-ordinate the
activities of different stakeholders.
Christian Care will be responsible for the overall day to day
implementation and management of the project. The implementation and
management of the Program will include procurement, storage and
distribution of suppliers of food, accounting for resources.
Christian Care together with the local churches will carry out the of
selection of beneficiaries
The organisation will also be responsible for co-ordination with all
stakeholders at grass roots level. Reports with relevant information and
statistics on various projects, beneficiaries in the districts and will be
produced midway and at termination of the Program.
A Project Assistant will be employed full-time to monitor the
implementation of the Program at district level. Project Officers will be
responsible for procurement of goods and their transportation and
distribution along with routine monitoring. The Area Manager will be
responsible for the overall smooth implementation of the Program and
accounting for resources. Support staff, in the form of a book keeper,
will also provide accounting services for the Program.
Local communities: Christian Care , local churches and the local
communities will identify possible projects aimed at improving their local
environment. They will provide all locally available resources and labour.
They will elect local project supervisors to supervise people working on
the projects. The communities will maintain registers of people working at
each project.
Christian Care will also recruit local projects assistants to work with
the local people.
Ministry of Health: This agency will provide consultancy on the child and
school feeding components of the program. The Environmental Health
Technicians based at field level will supervise the storage and
preparation of food at village feeding points and schools.
Ministry of Gender, Youth and Employment Creation: The above ministry
will assist in community mobilisation and organisation. They will ensure
that the communities will elect responsible people to store, prepare food
both at village feeding points and at schools. They will also assist in
record keeping of attendance and food stock.
Ministry of Education: The schools will work together with the school
local leadership to mobilise the parents for the logistical support such
as provision of cooking utensils and firewood, food preparation and
recording of food stocks and children.
Monitoring & Equipment
Warehouses for storage of food and other materials will be needed in each
of the 8 districts. These can be rented, while existing ones will need
rehabilitation. Eleven security guards to provide security services at
the warehouses will be hired. One National Program Co-ordinator will be
hired to co-ordinate and monitor all activities at national level. A
vehicle will be purchased in order to facilitate his work. At regional
level the available fleet of vehicles will be used while heavy trucks will
be hired to transport food and materials to distribution points.
Motorbikes (3) will be purchased to augment the fleet which is already
available. These will be used by Project Assistants in the day-to-day
running and monitoring of the project.
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
The implementation of this Program will run from June 2001 to 29 February
2002.
BUDGET
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE
Description Type of No. of Unit Budget Budget
Unit Units Cost ZWD USD
HARARE REGION
CENTENARY DISTRICT - Muzarabani Floods - (600 households)
FOOD FOR WORK
Maize grains Ton 180 10,000 1,800,000 33,520
Primary haulage transport Trip 4 30,000 120,000 2,235
Secondary transport Km 5,000 60 300,000 5,587
Sub Total 2,220,000 41,341
SANITATION (Rehabilitation of 150 toilets)
Community mobilisation Workshop 6 5,000 30,000 559
Health and hygiene training Workshop 4 5,000 20,000 372
Cement (5 bags per unit) Bag 750 300 225,000 4,190
Barbed wire Roll 12 3,000 36,000 670
Copper wire Roll 150 60 9,000 168
Fly screens Roll 150 60 9,000 168
Training of builders Workshop 2 20,000 40,000 745
Transport costs - materials Km 2,500 60 150,000 2,793
Sub Total 519,000 9,665
DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY REHABILITATION
Surveys Site 5 10,000 50,000 931
Drilling of borehole Borehole 5 300,000 1,500,000 27,933
Preparation & flushing of boreholes Borehole 5 60,000 300,000 5,587
Headworks construction Borehole 5 40,000 200,000 3,724
CBM training Workshop 2 30,000 60,000 1,117
CBM kit Kit 3 15,000 45,000 838
Transport costs - materials Km 1,500 60 90,000 1,676
Sub Total 2,245,000 41,806
KARIBA DISTRICT ( Wards 5 & 6 of Negande)
FOOD FOR WORK
Maize grains Ton 234 10,000 2,340,000 43,575
Primary haulage transport Trip 6 30,000 180,000 3,352
Secondary transport Km 6,000 60 360,000 6,704
Sub Total 2,880,000 53,631
GURUVE DISTRICT (Neshangwe ward)
Maize grains Ton 126 10,000 1,260,000 23,464
Primary haulage transport Trip 4 30,000 120,000 2,235
Secondary transport Km 3,200 60 192,000 3,575
Sub Total 1,572,000 29,274
TOTAL HARARE REGION 9,436,000 175,717
Description Type of No. of Unit Budget Budget
Unit Units Cost ZWD USD
MIDLANDS REGION
MBERENGWA DISTRICT
Maize grains Ton 153 10,000 1,530,000 28,492
Primary haulage transport Trip 5 30,000 150,000 2,793
Secondary transport Km 1,500 60 90,000 1,676
Sub Total 1,770,000 32,961
ZVISHAVANE DISTRICT
Maize grains Ton 63 10,000 630,000 11,732
Primary haulage transport Trip 2 30,000 60,000 1,117
Secondary transport Km 1,000 60 60,000 1,117
Sub Total 750,000 13,966
GOKWE DISTRICT
Maize grains Ton 180 10,000 1,800,000 33,520
Primary haulage transport Trip 5 30,000 150,000 2,793
Secondary transport Km 4,000 60 240,000 4,469
Sub Total 2,190,000 40,782
CHILD SUPLEMENTARY FEEDING (Children under 5 yrs old)
MBERENGWA DISTRICT
Nutrimeal Ton 16 60,000 960,000 17,877
Primary haulage transport Trip 1 24,000 24,000 447
Secondary transport Km 608 60 36,480 679
Sub Total 1,020,480 19,003
ZVISHAVANE DISTRICT
Nutrimeal Ton 8 60,000 480,000 8,939
Primary haulage transport Trip 1 12,000 12,000 223
Secondary transport Km 300 60 18,000 335
Sub Total 510,000 9,497
GOKWE DISTRICT
Nutrimeal Ton 16 60,000 960,000 17,877
Primary haulage transport Trip 1 19,200 19,200 358
Secondary transport Km 600 60 36,000 670
Sub Total 1,015,200 18,905
SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING FOR 3 SCHOOLS
MBERENGWA DISTRICT
Nutrimeal Ton 12 60,000 720,000 13,408
Primary haulage transport Trip 1 14,256 14,256 265
Secondary transport Km 446 60 26,760 498
Sub Total 761,016 14,172
ZVISHAVANE DISTRICT
Nutrimeal Ton 6 60,000 360,000 6,704
Primary haulage transport Trip 1 7,128 7,128 133
Secondary transport Km 223 60 13,380 249
Sub Total 380,508 7,086
Description Type of No. of Unit Budget Budget
Unit Units Cost ZWD USD
GOKWE DISTRICT
Nutrimeal Ton 12 60,000 720,000 13,408
Primary haulage transport Trip 1 14,256 14,256 265
Secondary transport Km 446 60 26,760 498
Sub Total 761,016 14,172
TOTAL MIDLANDS REGION 9,158,220 170,544
MATEBELAND REGION
BEITBRIDGE DISTRICT
Maize grains Ton 180 10,000 1,800,000 33,520
Primary haulage transport Trip 5 30,000 150,000 2,793
Secondary transport Km 4,000 60 240,000 4,469
Sub Total 2,190,000 40,782
IRRIGATION AND REHABILITATION PROJECT - BILI DISTRICT
Cement Bag 100 300 30,000 559
Quary M3 10 1,000 10,000 186
Bitumen (30 kg tins) Tin 2 3,500 7,000 130
Trinepon 19 (30 kg tins) Tin 2 1,500 3,000 56
Transport to site Km 1,200 60 72,000 1,341
Transp of materials central w/house Km 1,200 60 72,000 1,341
Fuel (diesel) Litre 1,680 45 75,600 1,408
Siphon Unit 100 150 15,000 279
Headworks Lumpsum 1 200,000 200,000 3,724
Repairs to storage tank Lumpsum 1 150,000 150,000 2,793
Sub Total 634,600 11,818
TSHOLOTSHO DISTRICT
FOOD
Maize grains Ton 225 10,000 2,250,000 41,899
Primary haulage transport Trip 6 30,000 180,000 3,352
Secondary transport Km 6,000 60 360,000 6,704
Sub Total 2,790,000 51,955
TOTAL MATEBELELAND REGION 5,614,600 104,555
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT
Salaries and Support Staff:
National Coordinator Month 10 55,000 550,000 10,242
Area Managers (3 persons at 50%) Month 10 30,000 900,000 16,760
Project officer (3 persons at 80%) Month 10 35,000 1,050,000 19,553
Project assistants (8 persons) Month 10 25,000 2,000,000 37,244
Bookkeepers (5 persons at 40%) Month 10 18,000 900,000 16,760
Project Monitoring and Evaluation:
National coordinator Day 100 2,000 200,000 3,724
Area managers (3 persons) Day 48 2,000 288,000 5,363
Project officers (3 persons) Day 100 2,000 600,000 11,173
Project assistants (8 persons) Day 60 2,000 960,000 17,877
Drivers (5 persons) Day 29 2,000 288,000 5,363
Vehicle Operations:
Vehicle running costs
(4 light trucks for 9 mths) Km 129,000 40 5,160,000 96,089
Description Type of No. of Unit Budget Budget
Unit Units Cost ZWD USD
Motor bike running costs
(8 cycles for 9 mths) Km 200,000 15 3,000,000 55,866
TOTAL PERSONNEL, ADMIN, OPS & SUPPORT 15,896,000 296,015
MATERIAL, STORAGE, WAREHOUSING AND HANDLING
Rental of 8 warehouses Month 9 7,000 504,000 9,385
Security guards (8 persons) Month 9 2,500 180,000 3,352
TOTAL MATERIAL, STORAGE, WAREHOUSING & HANDLING 684,000 12,737
CAPITAL EQUIPMENT
Programme vehicle (light truck) Unit 1 1,500,000 1,500,000 27,933
Motor bikes Unit 3 185,000 555,000 10,335
TOTAL CAPITAL EQUIPMENT 2,055,000 38,268
EVALUATION
Program evaluation Day 35 10,000 350,000 6,518
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 43,193,820 804,354
Rate of Exchange: USD 1 = ZWD 53.70
BUDGET NOTES
The following rations were used,
100g of nutrimeal porridge per child per day for 9 months
100g of nutrimeal porridge per school going child (grade 1-3) per day five
days a week.
REQUESTING ACT MEMBER
Lutheran Development Service (LDS- ELCZ) in co-operation with Lutheran
World Federation, Department of World Service.
IMPLEMENTING AGENCY INFORMATION
The Lutheran Development Service (LDS) is the former Lutheran World
Federation/World Service (LWF/LWS) Zimbabwe Program which was successfully
handed over to the local church earlier this year. While maintaining
strong ties with LWF/LWS, the nature of the relationship has undergone a
change and LDS is currently an independent local Program with its own
Board and management, completely in the hands of local staff.
LDS has been operating in Zimbabwe since independence in 1980 after
participating in the repatriation of the wartime refugees. The
organisation then became involved in rehabilitation work and gradually
moved into long-term development work. In addition the organisation has
also assisted South African, Namibian and Mozambican refugees in the 1980s
to the mid-1990s. Zimbabwe has had four droughts and one flood since
independence and the LDS has assisted the affected communities during two
of the droughts and the last flood. Droughts are the most common disaster
and the current food shortage is due to the fifth severe mid season
drought to affect the country since independence. LDS has the implementing
capacity to assist the affected communities in its current operational
areas of Masvingo, Midlands and Matabeleland south.
DESCRIPTION OF EMERGENCY SITUATION
Background
The 2000/01 season has been characterised by two diverse emergencies in
Zimbabwe, floods and drought. A flood hit the northern part while the
southern and western parts of the country were reeling under a drought in
the early part of the season. The rainfall season generally started late
with patchy, light rainfall. It commenced over the north and central parts
of the country that received normal to above normal rainfall up to
December 2000. The southern parts suffered from persistent droughts
throughout that time. For most parts of Matebeland the rains started in
February. The rainfall season was generally characterised by a long dry
spell in January throughout the country followed by continuous heavy rains
in February and March. The result of this variable rainfall pattern has
resulted in crop loss due to flooding and water logging in some areas and
in other areas due to low rainfall.
The south and south east of the country were worst hit by late and low
rainfall. In these areas the rains earnestly started in February and in
those areas particularly the Midlands and Masvingo areas when the rains
started in Nov/October they were light and patchy. A long dry spell was
experienced in January seriously affecting crops. After the rains resumed
in February the country received above average rainfall for the season.
However for the early-planted crops wilting was beyond recovery and at the
same time it was too late to start planting a crop as the rainfall season
only ends in early April. Nevertheless, the late rains have rejuvenated
the grass and other vegetative growth in the veld and this means livestock
survival is now out of danger. Food shortage is now imminent as a result
of the mid-season drought.
At national level it is estimated that 1,27 million tonnes will be
produced this season and this represent a 42% reduction from last season
and a 32% from the 1990 average. With this current production estimate and
a carry over of 440-000MT Zimbabwe will experience a food deficit by
January 2002. The food security situation at household level is worsened
by the fact that less that 50% of households and in some areas getting as
low as 30% have grain stock from last years harvest and for the areas
which were affected by the floods farmers have virtually no grain stocks.
A crop and livestock assessment report from the Famine Early warning
system network indicates that most districts in Matabeleland south,
Masvingo and midlands provinces have lost over 60% of their average maize
income from crop production in the 2000/2001 season.
Current Situation
As outlined above food shortage is now imminent as a result of the
mid-season drought and the carry forward of the problem from last year. As
of now the Government of Zimbabwe has started a food for work Program in
which the community is working five days per person per month for a
payment of Z$250 (USD4) per month. This money is not sufficient to buy a
50 kg bag of maize which costs up to Z$340 (at the Grain Marketing Board
Depots) and is supposed to cater for a family of six for one month. The
limited funds for the government funded food for work Program are only
sufficient to cover five households per village of 100 households. Unless
there is international assistance many families face starvation, as they
are not covered under the current food for work Program. To make the
situation worse many communal people live far away from the government
established grain depots and unscrupulous traders are buying and reselling
a 50 kg bag of maize at prices as high as Z$500/bag.
The coping mechanisms of households are currently at their lowest. The
floods, thus resulting in no immediate food security reserves at the
village level, destroyed household granaries that normally form the major
source of grain storage. Farmers have had to dispose of their livestock
that are fetching very low prices due to a glut in the market. To raise
income others have resorted to illegal gold panning, a risky business and
a danger to the environment. The economic slump being experienced in
Zimbabwe has exacerbated unemployment due to retrenchments. This has
increased the urban to rural drift resulting in more people joining the
already overloaded government food assistance Program. In addition the
critical shortage of diesel in the country makes it difficult for the food
to be transported to the existing grain marketing depots in time
Impact on Human Lives
The impact of the situation is phenomenal at the household level. At the
rural schools some children are now reported to be fainting as they are
walking long distances to school on empty stomachs. Most families can no
longer serve more than one meal a day in order to conserve the meagre food
resources that they have at any one time. Vulnerable groups such as
children under five, pregnant mothers, the elderly and the disabled are
already facing severe cases of malnutrition. For example in Matabeleland
south the under fives who weigh below the line has been found to be as
high as 20% in the remote areas. Over eight hundred thousand people are
now on the Social Welfare registers of the three provinces and in the very
near future these people could easily face starvation as there are very
few (if any) coping mechanisms in the current situation.
GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Goal : To ensure that starvation is avoided by giving food aid to the
needy communities.
Objectives
To assist the hungry vulnerable groups such as the children under five
years, orphans, pregnant mothers, the elderly and the disabled with food.
To give supplementary feeding to the school children and the under fives
so as to reduce the levels of malnutrition.
To start a food for work Program with the communities who are already
involved in the current long term development activities at the project
sites.
BENEFICIARY INFORMATION & TARGETTED AREAS
MATABELELAND PROVINCE
Beitbridge District
Beitbridge Town is some 320 km away from Bulawayo town. The district has a
population of 90,000 of whom 59,000 are expected to be on the social
welfare drought relief registers. Another 12,000 are in the vulnerable
category of old age, orphans and pregnant mothers while up to 14,2% of the
20,000 children under five have already been found to be undernourished. .
The district has 22,029 primary school children in need of supplementary
feeding. Only 10% of the farmers have attempted to plant crops but the
crops wilted during the mid-season drought and 90% of the farmers never
managed to plant any crops. This means that the district is in dire need
of food assistance. The government has established an extra
grain-marketing depot at Zezani but this depot does not have a constant
supply of maize and therefore fails to cope with the demand at local
level. Beitbridge District borders with South Africa and due to the recent
food shortages many people, especially youths have been illegally crossing
the border into South Africa in search of employment.
Gwanda
There are 140,000 people in Gwanda District with Gwanda town being the
Provincial capital of Matabeleland South and 120 km away Bulawayo. Gwanda
has a number of vulnerable people who include 14 % of the 38,000 under
five children, 2,500 orphans, 35,000 primary school children, 14,425 aged
and disabled. In addition 38,100 are already registered with the Social
Welfare for food assistance.
Zvishavane
In Zvishavane the town is situated about 180 km from Bulawayo town while
the district population is around 76,000 people (12,803 households) living
in 18 wards. The farmers planted 70% of their crop at the beginning of the
current rainy season in November 2000 while the remaining 30% of the crop
was planted in December 2000. It is the early-planted crop that wilted
during the scotching heat that was experienced the first 42 days of this
year when not a single drop of rain was received. The later planted crop
had its yield reduced by up to 60% as a result of the same mid-season
drought.
There are a total of 46 primary schools in the district with a total
enrolment of 21,648 pupils and due to the food shortage some children at
Masehuni School in the Mazvihwa area are reported to have started fainting
in mid-February as they walk long distances to school without having taken
any form of food.
Mberengwa
The district is adjacent to Zvishavane with an estimated population of
180,000 people. There are 108 schools with a total population of 49,140
pupils.
Chivi
The district is situated some 250 km away from Bulawayo. There are over
80,000 people already registered for food relief with the Social Welfare
Department. There are a total of 89 schools in Chivi with a total
enrolment of 47,843 children.
Mwenezi
A temporary grain marketing board depot was set up in February to serve
the population but currently has no maize stocks. There are a total of 44
primary schools with an enrolment 28,403 children.
Criteria used in beneficiary selection
The most important criterion for benefiting in this project is that the
household has had no meaningful food harvest. For the food for work
activities the people participating are the same people on the Social
Welfare registers who should not be receiving any assistance from other
sources. The local village committees, to avoid duplication, will
co-ordinate the programs. In the schools all enrolled pupils will be
beneficiaries while, the under fives are weighed monthly at the clinics
and those below the weight for their age will be targeted for the
supplementary feeding rations.
Number & targeted beneficiaries per area.
Masvingo
All pupils in schools for the schools supplementary feeding. These consist
of 7,849 children in 13 schools in Chivi, 5,778 pupils in 9 schools of
Mwenezi district.
Food for work at 5 dams in Chivi with a total of 900 participants, 8 dams
in Mwenezi with a total of 850 participants and 2 conservation works in
Chivi with a total of 370 participants. Another 200 participants at
Rushangarumwe Primary School will be assisted with food for work while
doing the school construction work.
Midlands
Food for work will be done at 7 dam sites in Zvishavane with a total of
833 participants, In Mberengwa there are 12 dam sites with a total of 3765
participants and 6 conservation sites with a total of 810 participants
In Zvishavane North LDS intends to concentrate its activities in the
current operational area of Ukosvo, Runde and Hombe Wards with a total of
2267 households while in Zvishavane south activities will be in Murova,
Mutambi and Indava wards with a total of 2063 households.
Schools supplementary feeding will be given to 18 schools in Zvishavane
with a total enrolment of 7361 children and 22 schools in Mberengwa with a
total enrolment of 15803 children.
Matabeleland South
A total of 14 schools with a total enrolment of 7,373 children will be
assisted in 8 out of the 18 wards in Beitbridge. In Gwanda 12 schools with
an enrolment of 5,867 children will be assisted in 7 out of the 20 wards.
In Beitbridge 882 participants will be involved in food for work projects
while in Gwanda district 473 participants will also be involved in food
for work projects. The activities that will be done in both districts will
be dam construction and conservation works.
IMPLEMENTATION DESCRIPTION PER ACTIVITY
Food for work: Each family will get one x 50 kg of maize per month.
Schools Feeding : Nutrimeal porridge will be given at a ration of 100
grams per pupil per day.
Under five children : Each child who is below the weight for age will be
given 3 kgs per child per month.
ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, REPORTING & MONITORING
Administration
The LDS Director will be in overall charge of the implementation of the
Program and this is done through the Program Co-ordinator who is in charge
of the field activities through the Area Co-ordinators, Area Officers and
Community Organisers. The water activities are co-ordinated through the
Water Engineer who reports to the Program Co-ordinator.
Finance
The Harare finance office will be responsible for the financial management
with the assistance of the finance office staff in the field. The LWF Area
Finance Co-ordinator who is based in Harare will assist with the overall
financial management according to the LWF and ACT procedures. It is a
normal procedure for the Harare finance office to carry out internal
audits at least twice a year. While the main audit by the external
auditors will be done at the end of the year. The finance office will
ensure that the financial report will meet the ACT requirements.
Monitoring
The main implementers of this project at ground level are the Area
Officers and the community organisers. The Director and the Co-ordinators
will make regular field visits to ensure that the implementation of the
project is as per plan. Staff also attend the Civil Protection Committee
meetings at regular intervals to keep other implementers as well as the
government authorities informed. LDS will produce monthly highlights,
which will be shared with partners in addition quarterly reports will also
be produced. These reports will compare the actual progress on the ground
with what was intended. At the end of the project an evaluation will be
carried out to assess how much the project achieved in meeting its goals
and objectives.
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
The implementation of this program will be for 10 months beginning June,
2000 until end of march, 2002.
CO-ORDINATION
At Government level this is done through the Civil Protection Units, which
have been established at National, Provincial and District Levels. At the
ground level implementation is also co-ordinated by other NGOs, churches
and with Christian Care who is LDS's major ACT Partner in Zimbabwe. All
procurement is done using the procedures outlined in the ACT guidelines.
BUDGET
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE
Description Type of No. of Unit Cost Budget Budget
Unit Units ZWD ZWD USD
DIRECT ASSISTANCE
Food for Work
Maize 9,083 families x 50 Kg
per family / month x 10 mths) Ton 454.15 10,000 4,541,500 84,572
School Feeding
Nutrimeal porridge 50,031 children
x100 gr/child/day x 150 school days Ton 750.465 60,000 45,027,900 838,508
TOTAL DIRECT ASSISTANCE 49,569,400 923,080
Description Type of No. of Unit Cost Budget Budget
Unit Units ZWD ZWD USD
MATERIAL, TRANSPORT, WAREHOUSING & HANDLING
Transport
Lorries and trucks Km 53,400 60 3,204,000 59,665
Haulage hire Trip 42 30,000 1,260,000 23,464
Light vehicles Km 72,000 40 2,880,000 53,631
Motor bikes Km 40,000 15 600,000 11,173
Warehouse rental and repairs Month 10 7,000 70,000 1,304
Warehouse security Month 10 6,000 60,000 1,117
Casual labor loading & offloading Lumpsum 1 90,000 90,000 1,676
TOTAL MATERIAL, TRANSPORT, WAREHOUSING & HANDLING 8,164,000 152,030
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS & SUPPORT
Salaries and Benefits:
Director Month 10 40,000 400,000 7,449
Program co-ordinator (50% salary) Month 10 30,000 300,000 5,587
Area co-ordinators (2 @ 50%) Month 10 40,000 800,000 14,898
Finance officers/clerks(4 @ 40%) Month 10 12,000 480,000 8,939
Area officer/community organiser Month 10 10,000 1,000,000 18,622
(10 @ 40%)
Drivers (3 persons) Month 10 10,000 300,000 5,587
Other Staff Costs:
Staff training Lumpsum 1 120,000 120,000 2,235
Staff travel Month 10 275,000 2,750,000 51,210
Staff Insurance Lumpsum 1 75,000 75,000 1,397
Office Operations:
Office supplies Month 10 7,000 70,000 1,304
Telephone and fax Month 10 18,000 180,000 3,352
E - mail Month 10 5,000 50,000 931
Water Month 10 3,000 30,000 559
Electricity Month 10 5,000 50,000 931
Maintenance of office equipment Month 10 15,000 150,000 2,793
Head office support costs
(vehicle insurance, meetings) Month 10 30,000 300,000 5,587
TOTALPERSONNEL, ADMIN, OPS & SUPPORT 7,055,000 131,378
AUDIT AND EVALUATION
Audit fees Lumpsum 1 150,000 150,000 2,793
Evaluation (30 man-days) Lumpsum 1 360,000 360,000 6,704
TOTAL AUDIT & EVALUATION e 510,000 9,497
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 65,298,400 1,215,985
Rate of Exchange: USD 1 = ZWD 53.70
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Action by Churches Together (ACT) is a worldwide alliance of churches and
their related agencies, meeting human need through co-ordinated emergency
response. The ACT Coordinating Office is based with the World Council of
Churches (WCC) and the Lutheran World Federation (LWF) in Switzerland.
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Ecumenical Centre Phone: ++41-22-791.60.33
150, route de Ferney Fax: ++41-22-791.65.06
P.O. Box 2100 E-Mail: act@wcc-coe.org
1211 Geneva 2 Telex: 415 730 OIK CH
Switzerland http://www.act-intl.org
distributed by
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Center for International Disaster Information
Volunteers in Technical Assistance
web: www.cidi.org
listserv: www.cidi.org/listsub.htm
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