Eritrea - ACT: 03-May-01
Action by Churches Together (ACT)
Appeal - Eritrea
Assistance to War & Drought Afflicted - AFER-02 (Revision 1)
Appeal Target: US$ 5,161,555
Balance Requested from ACT Network: US$ 4,941,303
Geneva, 3 May 2001
The war with Ethiopia coupled with the persistent drought affecting the
horn of Africa has been responsible for the massive displacement of close
to 1 million people in Eritrea last year. People fleeing the war did not
just lose their homes but also their belongings as they fled in panic
leaving what little they owned behind including their livestock. The
humanitarian needs for the IDPs in the country are many and varied. In
response to the emergency needs ACT members in Eritrea issued an appeal in
June 2000 mainly to provide relief assistance such as food, and non food
items. In December, LWF/WS program came up with another proposal mostly
for rehabilitation of the water sector which led to a new appeal, AFER02,
being issued on 5 December while the NCA component of the AFER01 appeal
continued until May this year.
The revision of this AFER02 appeal therefore is to include the activities
proposed by ACT members, DanChurch Aid (DCA), Mine Action Program, Dutch
Interchurch Aid (DIA, Eritrea), Relief Food Distribution and Norwegian
Church Aid (NCA), Shelter construction. The Lutheran World
Federation/Department of World Service (LWF/WS) proposal remains the same
as in the original appeal of 5 December 2000.
US$ 60,000 has been included for External Evaluation.
Project Completion Dates:
LWF - 30 November 2001
DCA - 31 March 2002
DIA - 31 December 2001
NCA - 31 December 2001
Summary of Appeal Targets, Pledges/Contributions Received and Balance
Requested
Appeal Targets Less: Pledges Balance Requested
& Contr Recd from ACT Network
Ext. Evaluation 60,000 0 60,000
DCA 721,944 0 721,944
DIA 1,970,018 0 1,970,018
NCA 636,933 0 636,933
LWF 1,772,660 220,252 1,552,408
Total Target US$ 5,161,555 220,252 4,941,303
Thor-Arne Prois
ACT Coordinator
REQUESTING ACT MEMBER INFORMATION
DanChurch Aid (DCA) * ACT International Eritrea
IMPLEMENTING ACT MEMBER and PARTNER INFORMATION
With the backing of the Danish Development Agency (DANIDA), DCA has been
one of Denmark's biggest and consistent donors to humanitarian mine action
programmes world-wide throughout the 1990's. Since becoming an
implementing agency in 1999, Humanitarian Mine Action has become the key
activity of the Operations Unit at DCA's head office in Copenhagen.
Through its intervention in Kosovo, DCA has trained a national capacity in
various mine action capabilities. Besides giving the DCA Mine Action Team
valuable experience in capacity building programmes, the results DCA have
achieved in Kosovo have contributed positively to the elimination of Mines
and UXO, and toward reducing the numbers of mine victims.
DCA have a long-standing commitment in both relief and development aid to
Eritrea through its local partners Lutheran World Federation (LWF) and the
Evangelical Church of Eritrea, and have supported projects in the country
since 1985. DCA is a funding member of Action by Churches Together (ACT)
International. In the current emergency LWF is implementing an ACT
International relief programme in support of the war and drought affected
population in Eritrea, with support from DCA and other church related
organisations and donors.
Operationally DCA is committed to operate in accordance with UN standards
and recommendations for Mine Awareness education, and any specific
procedures and conditions given by the host country regulatory authority
and/or United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea Mine Action
Co-ordination Centre (UNMEE MACC).
DCA wish, through this project to reduce the threat new and old mines pose
on the existing and returning population in the areas most affected by the
war with Ethiopia. DCA's role in the ongoing emergency is to, as soon as
possible, to deploy four Mine Action Teams to the most critical areas
related to the Temporary Security Zone. The deployment of these teams will
be done in close collaboration with the EDA and UNMEE-MACC, who besides
providing additional training and equipment support will provide continued
support to the teams upon finalisation of DCA's involvement.
Description of ACT Member's Implementing Partners
The Eritrean Demining Agency (EDA)
The Eritrean Demining Agency was established in 1995 under the Ministry of
Defence, but separate from the combat units. Initially the US State
Department funded the EDA and US Special Forces trained 80 "ex fighters"
as de-miners, with additional clearance equipment provided by the German
embassy in Asmara. The programme of clearance was suspended in 1998, at
the outbreak of war. During the period of the US Special Force presence
they also trained a capacity of Mine Awareness Officers to disseminate
information to mine affected communities.
At present the EDA is being reorganised under the Eritrean Relief and
Refugee Commission (ERREC), with a mandate from the State of Eritrea
Commission for Co-ordination with the UN Peacekeeping Mission (the
so-called "Peace Commission"). The head of EDA was recently appointed
Associate Commissioner for De-mining to the Peace Commission. EDA has
recently recruited persons for training to build a national de-mining
capacity. It is intended that the Mobile Mine Action Teams will comprise
persons from this recruitment drive. Following the activities of the three
months training these persons will be absorbed into the structure of EDA
in their trained capacity as Mine Awareness Officers or Survey Officers or
to be further trained in other aspects of mine action.
A national Mine Action Co-ordination Centre (MACC) will be established
under national Eritrean management, combining resources from EDA and
UNMEE-MACC. UNDP and UNMAS will provide inputs to the institutional
capacity building of the national MACC. The proposed DCA programme will
provide inputs to the operational capacity building inclusive in the EDA
national plan, and complimentary to the inputs provided by UNDP and UNMAS.
A National Training Centre (NTC) is established now in one of the existing
EDA compounds outside Asmara, where the DCA trainer will have access to
function in co-ordination with EDA and the national MACC.
United Nation Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea - Mine Action Co-ordination
Centre (UNMEE-MACC)
The United Nations Mission to Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) has been given
the job to administer the 12 December 2000 Peace Agreement, and the
successful deployment of UN Peacekeepers to the Temporary Security Zone.
According to the Peace Agreement and the subsequent agreement on the TSZ,
the Ethiopian and Eritrean national armies must return to their 1998
starting positions. Parallel to the deployment of UN Peacekeepers, the
UNMEE-MACC will co-ordinate the deployment of humanitarian mine action
capabilities in the TSZ.
Related to the current emergency, the UNMEE-MACC will co-ordinate the
deployment of humanitarian mine action capabilities, provide Quality
Assurance support and participate in the training of the national
de-mining capacity. The MACC is currently focal point for all mine action
activities, and is functioning as liaison between other UN family
organisations, the military mine clearance units, International NGO's and
national resources. Additionally, the MACC is currently operating the
IMSMA database in Ethiopia and Eritrea, and will as an ongoing activity
collect and disseminate information to various user groups. The UNMEE-MACC
is instrumental in providing support to the national capacity in planning
and execution of a national mine action programme. The UNMEE-MACC is
working closely with the Associate Commissioner for De-mining to the
Eritrean Commission for Liaison with UNMEE (the so-called "Peace
Commission") and the Eritrean De-mining Agency (EDA). UN will provide some
funds, through the VTF and other schemes, to ensure continued operations
of the national capacity.
The focal point for Mine Awareness is UNICEF, which has provided a Mine
Awareness Co-ordinator/Technical Advisor to the UNMEE-MACC. In the current
emergency, the UNICEF Technical Advisor is pivotal in developing the
national training curriculum, materials and a monitoring system for the
deployment of emergency Mine Awareness efforts in the Debub IDP camps and
gathering points for the population in other high-risk areas.
DESCRIPTION of the EMERGENCY SITUATION
Background
Following more than 30 years of war and seven years of sovereignty,
Eritrea has again found herself in the middle of an armed conflict. In May
1998 a border dispute in the Badme area escalated into a major military
confrontation between Eritrea and Ethiopia.
The conflict worsened in May 2000 resulting in Ethiopia's military advance
in territories up to 100 km inside Eritrea. This large-scale military
offensive was accompanied by aerial and artillery bombardment of civilian
urban and rural areas causing displacement and uprooting of an estimated
1.1 million people in the two largest regions in Eritrea namely Gash Barka
and Debub. The war ravaged the two regions, which normally accounts for
70-75% of the country's agricultural outputs, disrupting the social and
economic life of the people and causing a humanitarian crisis. Data
compiled for the first two months of 2001 has shown that there have been a
total of 9 accidents due to land mines this year alone.
Since the Cessation of Hostilities Agreement was signed in Algiers in June
2000, two major steps forward in finding a lasting peace between the
warring parties have been achieved:
First the signing of a Peace Agreement in December 2000, and most recently
(February 6, 2001) the agreement for the Temporary Security Zone (TSZ)
along the Eritrean border to Ethiopia.
The Temporary Security Zone incorporates all three of the front line areas
of the conflict. Two of these front lines are situated within the two
heaviest populated zones of the country. The zones, Gash Barka to the
west, and Debub the central southern zone, more importantly are the most
fertile and productive zones of the country and together produce 70-75% of
the countries agricultural output. They host 48% of the country's
population. The agreement for the TSZ removed the final major obstacle in
a successful deployment of the approximately 4,200 UN peacekeepers into
the zone.
Much of the conflict has been concentrated in the central region zone of
Debub and the recently completed Needs Assessment report1 Refer ERREC and
UN Annual Needs Assessment Report, Eritrea - December 2000
1 indicates that there is a lot of infrastructure destruction in this
region and the presence of landmines is making movement in the area
extremely difficult. The zone supports a total population of 755,379
people comprising 151,000 families of which 105,000 have women as the head
of the household.2 Reference; Annual Needs Assessment Report, Eritrea,
December 2000
2 It comprises 12 sub zones and administrative centres, is the fourth
largest zone in the country and is the most populated.
The Senafe subzone and the 114 villages surrounding it have been occupied
throughout May and June 2000. It is known that between 43,000 * 50,000
residents have remained in the area and that many have endured repeated
displacement. Some residents of the sub zones Senafe and Tsorona have to
date been unable to return to their homes as these areas continue to be
occupied by Ethiopian Forces.
3 Gash Barka covers an area of 37,000 square metres. It supports 564,574
people (18% of the total population of Eritrea) of whom 20% live in rural
areas. These people rely on access to the land for farming and related
activities. Women head 59% of the families in Gash Barka and 18% of the
population are children under the age of 5 years.3 Refer ERREC and UN
Annual Needs Assessment Report - December 2000
The agreement for establishing the TSZ states that the final
re-arrangement of the national forces should be completed by 3 March 2001,
indicating the urgency to address the mine problem inside the TSZ, as well
as to start education (Mine Awareness) among the population expected to
move back into these areas.
Although some refugees (from Sudan) and internally displaced persons
(IDP's) started moving back to their traditional home areas in
September/October last year, the major population movements are expected
to start now in the ambience of increased security and expectations for a
lasting peace.
According to the most recent figures from the Eritrean Information
Co-ordination Centre (ICC Update 07 February 01), there are still
approximately 250,000 persons displaced in refugee camps in Eritrea. Mine
Action will be an important factor in returning persons to their
traditional communities. There have already been several fatal mine and
UXO related accidents amongst children both in and outside the temporary
security zone the last few months, indicating the need for, besides
landmine and UXO clearance operations, Mine Awareness. The south-western
parts of Eritrea have seen an increase in number of accidents involving
Anti-tank mines.
The recent war posed a major disaster for the Eritrean population and crop
production, displacing more than 1 million persons from the most fertile
regions along the border to Ethiopia. Only a small part of last year's
agriculture production could be saved, and the positive economic
development for Eritrea has stagnated. The fact that IDP's have started
returning, reflect a confidence in the improved security situation, and
the necessity for families to return to their land and recover
agricultural activities. Although this reflects a positive development for
many, those returning home are in need of assistance. Both the war and the
accumulated effect of recent year's draught have created a shortfall in
food supplies for those areas affected. To avoid a new humanitarian
emergency in 2001, there is an urgent need to start this year's food
production. This would enable more Eritrean's to make a start with the
re-establishment of their lives and livelihoods and would enable the
humanitarian community to phase down emergency relief interventions and
shift further towards recovery and rehabilitation programmes.
Mines and ammunition (UXO) contaminating the fertile areas inside the TSZ
is one of the major threats to a safe repatriation of IDP's and refugees.
Following more than 30 years of war and hostilities, Eritrea was one of
the countries in the world most affected by mines already before the last
conflict. Allegedly, more than ½ million mines were deployed in these
areas during previous conflicts (the so-called "old mines"), and it is
expected that the recent violent and conventional warfare severely added
to the problem. Both armies have presented maps showing mined areas, both
within the TSZ and adjacent areas, to the UN Peacekeeping Mission (UNMEE)
Force Commander. The UNMEE Mine Action Co-ordination Centre (MACC) is
responsible for co-ordination of mine action activities within the TSZ,
and has started installing the Information Management System for Mine
Action (IMSMA) database system preparing a detailed overview of the actual
landmine and UXO threat, as mine action capabilities are deployed to
gather data. The "Rapid Survey" conducted by the British NGO Halo Trust
also provides information to the IMSMA.
Current Situation
Mine/UXO Situation
A formal registration process for recording mine accidents was only
established in 1994. Before this date statistics are difficult to obtain
and its likely that the statistics since 1994 are not accurate as
accidents occurring in remote areas are possibly not reported if the
injury was not fatal or if the victim was not transported to a hospital.
Recent information gathered indicates that one of the main hospitals in
Eritrea treating mine victims is not recording details of mine accidents
and survivors, consequently, the number of victims could be totally
inaccurate. Given the immediate lack of Level One and Level Two survey
data, there is no precise knowledge of the level or spread of
contamination in this region. Based on the intense and protracted nature
of the fighting, it is safe to assume that the threat is severe.
Demining and UXO clearance is urgently required and will provide the only
definitive solution. In the meantime though urgent mines awareness
education and demarcation of dangerous areas with focus on the returning
populations is the most practical intervening measure.
Currently there remains approximately 80,000 people in the zone of Debub
who are displaced from the TSZ and in the zone of Gash Barka a further 86,
000 displaced persons.
These people to date have no knowledge of the threat of mines and
unexploded ordnance that awaits them in their homelands. There is an
urgent need to respond to assist these people in determining what threat
is present in their village areas and to assist them to return safely.
As there is no authority that will prevent them from returning to their
land once the TSZ is secured with peacekeepers it is urgent that these
people are educated on how to live safely with the mine threat.
It is also urgent that any suspect areas are checked and dangerous areas
are identified and marked to further warn people of the threat.
The threat from mine suspect areas includes defensive minefields, nuisance
minefields laid by military (both sides), booby traps, cluster bombs, and
a range of UXO remnant from the fighting. Additionally, as the frontlines
were moved back and forth during the course of war, battlegrounds and
areas that saw war action are sure to be contaminated with nuisance mines
and UXO. These areas may extend as far as 100 km into Eritrean territory.
Mine Clearance and EOD capacity in Eritrea at the moment is limited to:
Halo Trust, which has undertaken the task of conducting survey, has
trained a small clearance and EOD capacity. Army Engineers from UNPK,
which do not undertake actual humanitarian mine clearance, and only few
EOD spot tasks in their own AOR in deemed necessary in the light of the
Army operation.
Despite this relatively meagre resource, the UNMEE-MACC mine action
reports indicate, that 123 AP-mines, 2 AT-mines has been lifted, and 726
UXO has been disposed of, in January 2001 alone.
Halo Trust, UN Peacekeeping Forces and other agencies working in Eritrea
have sent in numerous reports of minefields and UXO. For many of the
roads, which have been declared mine free, it is also strongly recommended
that you do not leave the road.
Mine Awareness
In August last year an emergency Mine Awareness programme was carried out
in the western part of the country in response to the influx of returnees
to Eritrea from Sudan. This emergency programme was undertaken by UNHCR
and EDA with technical support from UNICEF and involved the dissemination
of information to returnees at the reception centre in Tesseney.
The technical quality of the campaign was poor and the materials produced
were also limited in variety or value as there was no time to retrain the
three EDA Mine Awareness Officers and the two UNHCR Field Assistants who
were involved in the information campaign, or to produce further
materials. The EDA staff had some years previously been trained by
American Special Forces in Mine Awareness but the methodologies taught
were centred around Defence Department mass public information approaches.
The Annual Needs Assessment Report indicates that in the Debub region no
formal Mine Awareness education has taken place. It has been reported that
the Eritrean Defence Force has provided some information to the public
about contaminated areas. They are also conducting some mine and
unexploded ordnance clearance in villages and agricultural fields outside
the TSZ. However, this information while useful to those in the immediate
affected areas will be given on a very ad-hoc basis and will not provide
the general population with an ability to keep them safe while they move
and live in a mined environment. The only other component of Mine Action
on the ground presently in these areas is that of the Rapid Survey being
carried out by The HALO Trust. This survey will give indications of
contaminated areas and their reports will be the basis of the
establishment of a database of mine contamination for the country.
However, while there has been some emergency clearance of visible UXO by
the HALO Trust, this survey does not inform the local population of the
threat and it does not involve any demarcation of affected areas.
Therefore there remains an urgent need to use whatever information is
available now to inform any population groups moving into threatened areas
within the zones of Gash Barka and Debub.
Impact On Human Lives
Eritrean officials claim that there might be as many as 50,000 to 80,000
victims of landmines since 1973. The government is claiming 2,000 reported
accidents in the period between 1991 and 1993. For the period from 1994 to
the middle of 1999, the Eritrean Police Department has registered 137
deaths and 504 mine victims. Though as noted earlier, statistics are not
reliable and may be totally inaccurate as many accidents occurring in
remote areas are probably never reported.
Since June 1999 there was again no mechanism in place for systematic data
gathering and monitoring. In the statistics collected from 1994 to 1999
the number of victims recorded in the Central Zone, the Debub region,
totalled 107 injured and 13 deaths, representing 21% of the injured and
10% of the deaths nationally. The number of victims in the same period
recorded in the zone of Gash Barka totalled 135 injured and 45 deaths; 27%
of the injured and 33% of the deaths nationally.
In the recent Annual Needs Assessment study it was noted that two children
had recently been killed and two others wounded by suspected UXO's in the
village of Adi Nefas. Another child had lost his fingers tampering with
bullets in Mai Duma. In the zone of Gash Barka no accident reports were
noted from villages in the recent Needs Assessment study although 3
children were recorded as having been killed in Korokon IDP camp by mine
explosions.
Mine and UXO incidents January 2001 alone (UNMEE-MACC mine action
updates):
Confirmed fatalities: 3
Confirmed injured: 8
Confirmed dead animals: 4
Confirmed wounded animals: 3
Total number of accidents: 9
As the MACC is in the process of installing IMSMA in Eritrea, and the
formalised and co-ordinated information flow between all the different
organisations/parties just started, these figures are based primarily on
the Mine Action updates from MACC and ICC Humanitarian updates. Extracts
from these updates clearly indicates the urgent need for addressing the
Mine and UXO problem, before the IDP's returns.
Locations for the Proposed Response
The target groups that DCA, through the Eritrean Demining Agency, aims to
assist are mine-affected communities inside and outside the Temporary
Security Zone (TSZ), whether affected by new or old mines. It is DCA's
intention to work with and through the Eritrean De-mining Agency in close
co-operation and collaboration with the UN MACC. DCA will participate in,
and conduct tasks according to, the national priority setting. Based upon
the humanitarian situation inside and outside the Temporary Security Zone,
it is expected that the top priority will be in support of resettling
IDP's and refugees from Sudan, who are obviously in great danger of being
harmed by mines and UXO.
Current Security Situation
Access has just been granted to a limited extent to non-military de-mining
organisations in the Temporary Security Zone. It is expected that safe
access will be granted 100% as soon as the UN guarded Temporary Security
Zone is in force. Despite this practical hurdle, there are very little
security concerns in regard to personnel operating in the various areas of
Eritrea. Petty crime is at a low level, and serious armed crime is, so
far, almost unheard of. DCA will make provisions for casualty evacuation
of expatriate personnel out of Eritrea in case of serious illness or
accidents, as adequate medical treatment can not be obtained in-country.
This contingency will be included in the insurance coverage and through
"membership" with international fixed wing operators and/or UN. DCA will
keep a close and good relationship with national authorities and national
employees to ensure the highest degree of safety for personnel, equipment
and installations.
GOAL & OBJECTIVES
Goal
To reduce and ultimately eliminate the incidence of accidents involving
mines and unexploded ordnance amongst the civilian population imminently
planning to move back to their original homelands located within the
conflict border area of Ethiopia and Eritrea, now defined as the
"Temporary Security Zone". This will be done by working at a community
level with the affected populations.
Objectives
To increase the level of awareness of the danger of mines and unexploded
ordnance in the "TSZ" by deploying "Mobile Mine Action Teams" to returnee
village areas. These teams will, after discussion with the community
members:
Survey any suspected areas and demarcate known dangerous areas Deploy an
emergency medical service and undertake emergency clearance in the case of
accidents within the community areas. Cordon off and mark any UXO present
in the area. Carry out a Mine Awareness campaign with the village members
to assist them to live safely within a mined environment, and to keep them
informed of the process of Mine Action.
With the objectives of this proposal, DanChurchAid (DCA) wishes to target
(emergency) Mine Awareness in the IDP camps situated in the central Debub
Administrative Zone, Minefield Marking and Survey Level 1 and 2, as well
as emergency Mine Clearance/EOD on tasks identified in this first critical
repatriation phase. The work will be conducted through deployment of 4
mobile Mine Action Teams to areas within the Gash Barka and Debub Zones,
inside and adjacent to the TSZ, in collaboration with the EDA and
UNMEE-MACC. On request from the UNMEE-MACC, one or more of the teams may
also be deployed for a period to emergency tasks in the areas surrounding
Assab in the south-eastern most region of the country. Beneficiaries will
be the existing and returning populations, first and foremost in the most
critical and heavily populated areas of Gash Barka and Debub
Administrative Zones. The Mine Awareness will be directed towards IDP
camps in Debub, as well as towards collective and distribution centres
inside the TSZ (in co-ordination with EDA and UNICEF, and relative to the
national plan for Mine Awareness).
Four teams of people trained in emergency response who can go to a
contaminated or suspect area, assess the mine threat, mark dangerous
areas, discuss and undertake emergency clearance and educate the local
people about the threats and how to live safely until the longer term
clearance operations are in place.
>From the inception of the project a reduction in the number of accidents
involving mines and UXO's amongst populations living inside the TSZ
defined areas of the Debub and Gash Barka zones. Since there is no base
data for comparison, this will be done from zero. This would indicate that
local populations living in areas where there is a mine or UXO threat have
been educated effectively on how to live safely in a mined environment.
A medical capacity in the two zones will be able to respond to any
emergency clearance requirement or to any incidents occurring during the
project timeframe, to both local or international civilians.
Demarcated minefields within the TSZ sections of Debub and Gash Barka and
an educated population who understands what the markings mean and the risk
in the area.
Establishment of rapport at community level from which trust and open
communication will form the basis of a data collection and information
feedback networks to relevant Mine Action authorities.
An understanding of the mine action process and the establishment of a
communication process which will enable socio-economic indicators to be
developed and the measurement of results and impact to be made against
these indicators. This will prove the relevance of any future mine
clearance and mine awareness activities undertaken in the communities.
TARGETED BENEFICIARIES
Target Groups
It is DCA's intention to work with and through the Eritrean Demining
Agency (EDA) in close co-operation and collaboration with the UN MACC.
Based upon the humanitarian situation, the top priority will be in support
of resettling IDP's and refugees from Sudan, who are obviously in great
danger of being injured by mines and UXO. The target group that DCA, in
its co-operation with EDA, aims to assist in this emergency response are
those displaced populations within Gash Barka and Debub zones who will
return to villages inside the boundaries of the Temporary Security Zone.
This return is expected imminently once the warring forces have returned
to the outer limits of the TSZ and the peacekeepers are in place.
Of Eritrea's 3,5 million population, it is approximately 300,000 IDP's and
refugees that are now expected to return to the former battle areas in the
Gash Barka and Debub Administrative Zones who are the most exposed to the
immediate mine and UXO threat as a result from the last war. Besides being
very important for the food production in the country, the safe return of
the population to these zones is regarded as imperative to the success of
the Peace Accord, and thus the political stability in Eritrea. As the
population is returning to resume the much-needed agriculture and
livestock activities, it is expected that the realities of the mine/UXO
threat will become much more apparent.
A more thorough and detailed priority setting for affected areas should be
available from the results of The HALO Trust Rapid Survey currently being
completed. Although the UNMEE-MACC will prioritise the area within the TSZ
to support initially the operational requirements of the peacekeeping
forces and the civilian population returning there, there is a need to
work at the community level to ensure that the level of accidents are kept
to a minimum amongst the returning population by marking dangerous areas
and increasing the population's awareness of any mine threat that exists
in their community areas.
PROPOSED EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE & IMPLEMENTATION
Description of Assistance
DCA will recruit, train and monitor the development of four Mobile Mine
Action Teams who will by the end of the three month period have visited
the areas of the returning displaced in the TSZ that fall within the zones
of Gash Barka and Debub.
Each team will comprise 6 persons and be structured as follows:
1 Team Leader
2 Mines Awareness Officers
2 Survey and Marking Officers
1 Medic
The teams will work with affected communities to identify areas that are
mined and to survey any suspected mined areas. Additionally the teams
will contain a Mine Awareness element that will work on an ongoing basis
with the community members to educate them on how to live safely in their
environment, what the minefield markings mean and to establish a reporting
system for future incidents or sightings of mines or UXO.
The inputs DCA is able to offer are:
Experience
Equipment
Training
DCA is able to provide international personnel with experience in mine
clearance and marking activities. Initially a team of four international
Technical Advisors will be employed to train people in the techniques of
survey and marking. Two international trainers will be required for one
month while the other two will remain for the period of three months to
follow up with on the job training and supervision and monitoring once
they are deployed in the field. The international staff will deal with any
necessary clearance and disposal of mines and UXO threat found in the
areas. The initial training period for the Survey and Marking Officers
will be two weeks.
A further international team experienced in Mine Awareness will be
employed for the period of three months to train the Mine Awareness
officers within the team. In addition to the education campaign within the
communities a communication system will be established for reporting back
to the team incidents, sightings of UXO or further dangerous or suspected
areas.
Suitable candidates for Medics have already been identified and are
currently receiving training from a reputed international de-mining NGO
currently in Eritrea.
The training period necessary before they can be deployed in the field
will be of a similar period as the survey officers and will include
further practice of casevac (???) procedures and familiarity with medical
kit equipment.
Equipment required in addition to medical equipment will be marking
materials, camping materials, vehicles deployment in the zonal areas
within the TSZ and some office equipment for the recording of operational
plans and work completed. The necessary training aids to establish the
training facility appropriately are already in place and it should be
noted that there is no cost for the use of the training school facility.
Implementation Description Per Activity
The training provided will be in line with international standards and
approved by the UNMEE-MACC and will reflect the best practices observed in
mine action internationally. Similarly the Mine Awareness education will
conform to recognised international training standards that have been
developed, tested and proven in other community based mine awareness
programmes in other countries.
Specifically the activities that will take place to achieve the objectives
of this project are:
Identification of suitable candidates from the EDA recruitment drive for
training as Survey and Marking Officers.
Identification of persons with suitable management skills to be trained as
Team Leaders.
Recruitment of suitably qualified persons to be trained as Mine Awareness
instructors.
Training of the candidates in their relevant role within the Mobile Mine
Action Team. This is envisaged to take two weeks for all roles.
Obtain Rapid Survey detail from the results of The HALO Trust survey for
the target areas to establish contaminated areas and suspected areas of
threat.
Obtain details from UNHCR of the displaced populations along with details
of the villages they are returning to. Reference to materials contained in
the ERREC Needs Assessment Study should be made as relevant.
Design an operational plan of how all affected areas with returnee
populations can be reached in a systematic manner over the period of the
project.
Design and produce Mine Awareness posters based on the emergency campaign
recently undertaken in Ethiopia. This will be the best option in this time
frame as to produce more developed materials will not be possible. The
mines and UXO's found in Ethiopia are similar and the terrain is similar.
Design and test with local population methods of disseminating mine
awareness information with the different groups within the villages. A
specific target will be children up to the age of 18 years and to those
amongst them that herd animals for a living. In Ethiopia this group have
been found to be the most targeted amongst mine victims. Since there is no
reliable victim data here it would be reasonable to consider that a
similar gender and age group could also be a prevalent target.
Deploy teams to the zones dependingon the level of population movement and
level of threat but it is imagined that the teams will be deployed
equally; two to each zone. They will for the first month deployment with
an international staff member for constant supervision and monitoring.
Following successful training and deployment one international member will
monitor on a roving basis within the zone for the next two months.
The team leader will report to the international staff member on a daily
basis concerning the work of the team, location of marked dangerous areas,
any reported sightings of UXO's or mines. The international staff member
will assess the threat and act accordingly to either dispose of the threat
immediately or mark it for later disposal depending on the threat posed to
the population and its stability.
Report back dangerous areas for input to the IMSMA database within the
UNMEE-MACC.
The Mine Awareness officers will also report back with victim data to the
IMSMA database within the UNMEE-MACC. Regular visits should follow with
affected communities to ensure retention levels are maintained with regard
to awareness and to collect information.
Transition from Emergency
In the development of these teams DCA hope to impact significantly in
"reducing the threat to human lives and the negative socio-economic
consequences which new and old mines pose on the population and
communities in Eritrea". The project will also contribute to an increased
knowledge of the levels of contamination and more specifically the
location of dangerous areas. Through a community based approach DCA will
lay the foundations for receiving feedback of victim data collection that
will assist further understanding of the target groups most affected and
any risk taking behaviour that is occurring. This will assist the accurate
orientation of future Mine Awareness initiatives.
It is intended that EDA will develop as the national NGO in Mine Action.
This will establish an institutional capacity to deal with the ongoing
threat in Eritrea. This is intended to take place within the forthcoming
months. The Mobile Mine Action Teams will be suitably qualified to join
this national capacity, or another international mine action capacity, and
continue in the same role they have been trained in by DCA or alternately
they could be further trained in mine clearance or EOD clearance.
As the threat of mines will continue in Eritrea for many years it is
essential that an ongoing education is established and maintained
throughout the country. The strategy of EDA will also include Mine
Awareness as an essential component of Mine Action. The Mine Awareness
Officers will be able to be incorporated into this national capacity or
into another international NGO to continue working, either as part of a
small team, or perhaps for further development and training of other
organisations who can take up the role of mine awareness as part of their
portfolios. These organisations could include the health and education
ministries and youth and social groups.
DCA-ACT International Mine Action Team has prepared and submitted a 3-Year
Proposal for Capacity Building of the national NGO, EDA. The "Long Term"
proposal will be assessed during March 2001, and funding is expected
against the proposal in May/June 2001.
ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, MONITORING & REPORTING
DCA will meet and comply with any donor reporting and monitoring
requirements specified in the relevant funding contract.
The national Mine Action Co-ordination Centre will accredit the proposed
programme and its training lessons and the Standard Operating Procedures
of DCA. All materials and activities will be in accordance with standards
set by UNICEF, the internationally recognised leading agency in Mine
Awareness.
DCA is registered as an international NGO with ERREC, the Eritrean Relief
and Refugee Commission.
The Technical Advisors and the Mine Awareness Officer will come under the
control of the DCA Programme Manager who will head all mine action
components of DCA. The Programme Manager will ensure compliance to best
practices and transparency in the daily management of the programme
finances and asset management of programme equipment. Accountancy services
will be provided within country by an internationally recognised
accounting firm. Audits of the accounts will be carried out as part of
DCA's overall annual responsibility in the head office in Copenhagen.
A final audited report will be available and submitted as required within
the terms of any donor contractual agreement.
IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE
1. Project Assessment: December 2000-January 2001
2. Start-up: 01 February 2001
3. Implementation: 01 April 2001-31 March 2002
4. Close-out: Current proposal 31 March 2002
5. Transition from Emergency: Ongoing
CO-ORDINATION
United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE)
Strong co-ordination between the humanitarian community and UNMEE will be
an area of focus in the time to come, particularly in relation to the
humanitarian situation and operations in the TSZ and adjacent areas. It is
expected that these efforts will recognise existing links between UN
country teams (UNHCR, UNDP, UNICEF etc), NGO's and government commissions
such as ERREC. The Peace Commission is established as the Eritrean
Government's liaison unit with the UN Peacekeeping Mission. A system of
civil-military liaison and co-ordination is currently being established,
with a Civil-Military Co-ordination Centre (CIMIC) located at the UNMEE
offices in Asmara. It is envisaged that CIMIC cells would also be
established at sector and regional headquarters. CIMIC would ensure
co-ordination of UNMEE activities with those of the humanitarian community
in the TSZ, as well as security matters. Co-operation will also be
established through the CIMIC cells for air evacuation capabilities from
the battalion force present in the sections of the TSZ we intend to work
within.
UNMEE Mine Action Co-ordination Centre - UNMEE-MACC
The UNMEE-MACC is established under the UNMEE mandate with assistance from
UNMAS. Until now, the UNMEE-MACC has focused on information gathering and
activities related to the TSZ. It has also been involved in dissemination
of information and briefing of UN Military Observers and Peacekeeping
reconnaissance teams. Backed by UNDP and UNMAS, the UNMEE-MACC will
transform to provide capacity building recourses in the establishment of a
national Mine Action Co-ordination Centre. Some of the UNMEE-MACC's
current tasks related to the relationship between the humanitarian and
military communities will be maintained by the CIMIC, as the UNMEE-MACC
will draw further attention towards the humanitarian mine action
establishment. The national MACC has just formally established although
some staff will only commence operationally early in January 2001. However
strategies, plans and priorities are already under way with national and
international actors in relation to the approach of all mine action
including Mine Awareness in Eritrea.
The UNMEE-MACC will, with support from UNDP and UNMAS, provide assistance
in building the institutional capacity of the national Mine Action
Co-ordination Centre, in which EDA will be the national mine action NGO.
DCA's planned role in this relationship will be to build the operational
capacity of the mine awareness component of the national mine action NGO.
UNICEF
The present proposal from DCA is planned in co-operation with the Eritrean
De-mining Agency and UNICEF. UNICEF will take responsibility for mines
awareness related activities such as co-ordination of awareness activities
through the EDA and other government ministries, predominantly health and
education, technical monitoring and evaluation of mines awareness
activities; establishment of technical standards for mine awareness and
advocacy on both national and international bases including donor
mobilisation. This role will be co-ordinated within the guidelines of the
overall policies for Humanitarian Mine Action within Eritrea laid down by
the UNMEE-MACC. The co-ordination will pivot through an experienced
international Mine Awareness Officer who, although employed by UNICEF,
will be physically located in the UNMEE-MACC office in Asmara. A similar
role of Mine Awareness Co-ordinator will be established within the
national MACC and these two roles will co-ordinate together to agree the
overall strategies for Mine Awareness education in Eritrea. These roles
will be in place by the end of January 2001.
UNMAS
UNMAS is the focal point in the UN system for mine-related issues and
activities. In this capacity UNMAS will provide technical support and
policy guidance to the project. It will ensure proper co-ordination at the
headquarters level, and participate in the field assessment and monitoring
missions as necessary.
BUDGET
The budget is broken down into two categories:
Capital Costs - This includes the cost of medical equipment for the
medics, office equipment and vehicles for the emergency response to the
targeted affected areas within the TSZ. Basic camping equipment will also
be included, as there will be some requirement to be based remotely for
periods of time. The vehicles will double as an ambulance facility. Two
will be deployed to each zone so that if one is required to be used as an
ambulance, the second is available as a backup.
Operational Costs - Specific costs relating to the operation of the
capital items are covered in this section along with the salaries of the
international and local personnel.
It is envisaged that the teams will have to base themselves for extended
periods in a remote camp situation. A food allowance will be paid to them
during this period.
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE FOR DCA
Description Type No. of Unit Budget Budget
Unit Units Cost DKK USD
MATERIAL TRANSPORT, STORAGE, WAREHOUSNG AND HANDLING
Transport fees Lumpsum 300,000.00 300,000.00 36,364
Transport insurance Lumpsum 30,000.00 30,000.00 3,636
Transport handling Lumpsum 47,703.43 47,703.43 5,782
Total Material Transport, Storage, Warehousing & Handling 377,703.43 45,782
CAPITAL EQUIPMENT
Office Equipment
Desktop computers and peripherals Each 2 13,000.00 26,000.00 3,152
Laptop computers and peripherals Each 2 18,500.00 37,000.00 4,485
Printers Each 4 3,500.00 14,000.00 1,697
Scanner Each 1 1,000.00 1,000.00 121
Digital video camera Each 2 10,000.00 20,000.00 2,424
White notice and map boards Lumpsum 1 5,000.00 5,000.00 606
UPS/power stabilizer Each 8 2,000.00 16,000.00 1,939
Office furnishings (Asmara) Lumpsum 1 10,000.00 10,000.00 1,212
Communications Equipment
HF Vehicle Based Each 3 37,952.03 113,856.10 13,801
Motorola handheld VHF (GP 340) Each 12 3,580.91 42,970.95 5,209
GPS vehicle based Each 3 3,712.50 11,137.50 1,350
Vehicle Equipment
4x4 Toyota Land Cruiser Each 3 198,051.25 594,153.76 72,019
Toyota HiAce Personnel Carrier Each 1 156,078.70 156,078.70 18,919
Equipment trailer Each 2 40,561.73 81,123.47 9,833
Spare parts (12 months/vehicle) Lumpsum 3 21,614.94 64,844.81 7,860
Jerry cans/fuel container Each 8 845.61 6,764.87 820
Mine/UXO Clearance Equipment and PPE
Mine detectors Each 20 21,128.28 422,565.50 51,220
Clearance tools Each 20 1,200.00 24,000.00 2,909
Protective vests - frontal armours Each 16 2,548.00 40,768.00 4,942
Protective vests - 360 armours Each 4 3,458.00 13,832.00 1,677
Blast proof visors Each 20 825.08 16,501.65 2,000
Blast proof visors and helmets Each 4 3,488.10 13,952.40 1,691
Demolition kits Each 4 3,000.00 12,000.00 1,455
Stretchers Each 2 3,031.00 6,062.00 735
Trauma care kits Each 2 9,750.00 19,500.00 2,364
Medical equipment and drugs Each 2 49,800.00 99,600.00 12,073
GPS - handheld Each 4 1,300.00 5,200.00 630
Prismatic compass Each 4 300.00 1,200.00 145
Clothing Lumpsum 1 12,375.00fo 12,375.00 1,500
Field Camp Equipment
5x5 tents - PVC floor (16 pers) Each 4 6,600.00 26,400.00 3,200
3x3 tents for 1-2 persons Each 4 2,747.25 10,989.00 1,332
Camp beds/cots Each 20 338.25 6,765.00 820
Sleeping bags Each 20 313.50 6,270.00 760
Blankets Each 40 50.33 2,013.00 244
Generator, Hatz 6 KVA Each 2 21,450.00 42,900.00 5,200
Description Type No. of Unit Budget Budget
Unit Units Cost DKK USD
Various kitchen utensils Lumpsum 1 16,500.00 16,500.00 2,000
Various electric utensils Lumpsum 1 16,500.00 16,500.00 2,000
Various camp utensils Lumpsum 1 16,500.00 16,500.00 2,000
Folding tables 1900x750x720 cm Each 8 297.00 2,376.00 288
Folding tables 1000x750x720 cm Each 4 181.50 726.00 88
Folding chairs Each 20 198.00 3,960.00 480
Water filters Each 4 870.00 3,480.00 422
Total Capital Equipment 2,042,865.70 247,620
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT
Salaries International Staff:
Senior technical supervisors
(monitoring - 2 pers) Month 12 64,000.00 768,000.00 93,091
Senior technical supervisor
(mine awareness) Month 12 32,000.00 384,000.00 46,545
Finance/administration manager Month 12 32,000.00 384,000.00 46,545
National DCA Staff, Asmara Office:
Accountant Month 12 2,475.00 29,700.00 3,600
Secretary/general services Month 12 1,650.00 19,800.00 2,400
Radio operator Month 12 1,072.50 12,870.00 1,560
Driver Month 12 1,072.50 12,870.00 1,560
Housekeeper Month 12 825.00 9,900.00 1,200
Guards (3 persons) Month 12 2,970.00 35,640.00 4,320
National Managers & Demining/EOD/Medical Junior Officers:
National team leaders (4 persons) Month 12 9,900.00 118,800.00 14,400
National Survey/Marking Staff:
Deminers (8 persons) Month 12 9,900.00 118,800.00 14,400
National Mine Awareness Staff:
Mine awareness officers (8 persons) Month 12 9,900.00 118,800.00 14,400
National Medical Staff:
Medical staff (4 persons) Month 12 4,950.00 59,400.00 7,200
Per Diem International Staff:
Finance/administration manager Month 12 10,530.00 126,360.00 15,316
Senior officers (3 persons) Month 12 31,590.00 379,080.00 45,949
Staff Insurance:
Staff insurance Lumpsum 1 123,750.00 123,750.00 15,000
Project Staff Housing:
International staff housing Month 12 16,500.00 198,000.00 24,000
Staff Travel:
Int'l travel (Copenhagen/Asmara rtn) Trip 8 8,250.00 66,000.00 8,000
Local travel Lumpsum 1 8,250.00 8,250.00 1,000
Office Operations:
Office ops (20% shared costs) Month 12 3,300.00 39,600.00 4,800
Communications:
Telephone, fax and e-mail Month 12 2,475.00 29,700.00 3,600
Courier and mail Month 12 825.00 9,900.00 1,200
Vehicle Operations:
Fuel and lubricants Month 12 8,250.00 99,000.00 12,000
Maintenance Month 12 8,250.00 99,000.00 12,000
Insurance Year 1 45,000.00 45,000.00 5,455
Description Type No. of Unit Budget Budget
Unit Units Cost DKK USD
Mine Action Operations:
Minefield marking materials Month 12 12,375.00 148,500.00 18,000
Expendables Month 12 4,125.00 49,500.00 6,000
Total Personnel, Administration, Operations and Support 3,494,220.00 423,542
AUDIT AND EVALUATION
External Audit of funds Lumpsum 1 41,250.00 41,250.00 5,000
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 5,956,039.13 721,944
REQUESTING ACT MEMBER INFORMATION
Dutch Inter-church Aid (DIA)
IMPLEMENTING ACT MEMBER & PARTNER INFORMATION
Dutch Interchurch Aid (DIA) was established and registered as a foundation
in 1952, as a successor to a post-war committee channelling aid from
abroad for refugees, displaced persons and church-rehabilitation. It
started with aid programmes for refugees and displaced persons in other
European countries, but was soon giving priority to third world countries.
Since 1987 DIA has been the protestant churches specialised agency on
Emergency Aid, Aid to Refugees, Food Aid and Nutrition (food-security) and
Children at Risk programmes. It also encourages its partners to include
disaster preparedness/mitigation and disaster management programmes in
development projects.
The Eritrean Relief and Refugee Commission (ERREC), a Government
institution, has the responsibility for implementation of emergency relief
activities.
ERREC is the body which has the Government mandate to implement emergency
relief operations, and they have an institutional long history and
experience in such activities - as they are the continuation of the
humanitarian organisation ERA, which handled all such assistance through
the war of liberation. ERREC's network for implementation includes access
to public and private structures at local community levels. DIA will
implement the activities in this appeal through ERREC.
GOAL & OBJECTIVES
Goal:
To assist the civilian population of Eritrea affected by war, drought, or
a combination of these two factors.
Objective:
To provide Emergency Food Relief for 45,000 war and drought affected
people with a basic food ration for 6 months, which comes to a total of
4617 M/Tons of mixed commodities (Wheat, Lentils and Oil).
TARGETED BENEFICIARIES
Number and type of Targeted Beneficiaries
Internally Displaced People in war affected area (Gash Barka and Debub)
25,000
Drought affected people in Anseba, NRSea, & SRSea 20,000
Criteria that will be utilized in Beneficiary selection
An assessment of War-Displaced and Drought affected people has been made
during the Annual Needs Assessment for 2001, by the Government, UN & NGOs,
with the active participation of DIA. The selection of beneficiaries will
be re-assessed during 2001 also in active collaboration with DIA.
Basic criteria for selection are no ownership of cattle, land, shop and no
remittances from abroad.
Number of Targeted Beneficiaries
25,000 Internally Displaced People.
20,000 Drought Affected People.
PROPOSED EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE & IMPLIMENTATION
Description of Assistance
The standard food rations will be applied for the beneficiaries, which
are:
Food item
Ration per person
per day in Kg
Ration per person
Per month in Kg
Cereals
0.500
15
Pulses
0.040
1.2
Cooking oil
0.030
0.9
In total, the food for distribution is presented in the following table:
Description
No. of people
Monthly Ratio
Months
Total in MT
Wheat
45,000
1,5 kg
6
4050
Lentils
45,000
1,2 kg
6
324
Oil
45,000
0,9 kg
6
243
TOTAL
4617
Implementation Description per Activity
A primary assessment of food needs have been carried out in collaboration
by DIA (and other NGOs and Govt organisations) during the Annual Needs
Assessment.
An updated registration of beneficiaries will be carried out in close
collaboration with the implementing partners beginning of 2001.
The actual distribution of the food will be done by the ERREC. As
mentioned above, this is the government institution charged with the
responsibility to do relief distribution in the country. DIA will monitor
the distribution of the food and carry out continuous nutritional
assessments to assess the most needy beneficiaries and measure the impact
of the interventions.
The inland transportation, storage and distribution will be the
responsibility of ERREC, by using all available public and private
structures at local community levels.
Transition from Emergency
DIA is channeling a massive fertilizer programme for distribution in
Eritrea, in order to increase the local food production. This programme is
continuing in 2001 and will hopefully reduce the food deficit after the
2001 harvest.
As soon as concrete plans are known for the return of the IDPs to their
villages, DIA will seek to assist the rehabilitation of schools etc.
ADMINSTRATION, FINANCE, MONITORING & REPORTING.
Administration
DIA will have the overall responsibility of the food component of the
project
DIA will be responsible for the procurement of the food, through Euronaid,
the partner for DIA in most of the relief food programmes for Eritrea
ERREC will receive the cargo at the port of entry and arrange for its
clearance and immediate transport to their warehouse and for the transport
to the relevant distribution sites and for the safe storage and handling
of all commodities. ERREC will provide DIA/Euronaid with the appropriate
delivery and financial reports.
ERREC will be responsible for the immediate distribution to the agreed
beneficiaries, and provide DIA with the appropriate distribution reports.
The Asmara office will be responsible for financial reporting and the
program is subjected to annual audits by an international recognized
audit-firm.
Monitoring and reporting
Primary distribution records will be supplied by ERREC
Regular monitoring visits by DIA field staff will check transport,
storage, physical distribution and post distribution monitoring
Regular nutritional assessments will identify the most needy groups and
measure the impact of the project
DIA will be responsible for the reporting
The Monitoring of the proper use of resources provided under this contract
will be an ongoing activity for the duration of the programme, carried out
by DIA/Eritrea's own staff. The monitoring will include, but not be
limited to, the following activities:
Distribution Reports.
DIA will receive distribution reports from ERREC, giving sufficient
details of commodities given to the intended beneficiaries, specifying
details such as: location of distribution; number of families
(individuals) supported; quantities distributed; duration intended for the
distribution (one time distribution or for a specific time in case of food
items). These summary reports will be based on Local Distribution Records.
Local Distribution Records.
At District/Settlement level, ERREC will keep detailed Distribution
Records for all commodities distributed to the intended beneficiaries,
identifying sufficiently the families or individuals having received the
assistance. These Local Distribution Records will be made available for
the DIA on request, at the respective localities, for auditing against the
official Distribution Reports. DIA will make such local audits on a random
basis, and carry out the audit in collaboration with ERREC Staff members.
Field monitoring
DIA will monitor the actual implementation of the programme from the
delivery of food commodities to the warehouses to the distribution to the
beneficiaries. After the distribution end-use monitoring of randomly
selected beneficiary households will be carried out in cooperation with
ERREC.
Accountability and Financial Reports.
ERREC will be accountable for all resources handed over to them in
connection with the programme, being either funds or in-kind. ERREC will
maintain an accounting system for such donations, in accordance with
international acceptable accounting principles, open for inspection by DIA
at any time required in connection with their Monitoring role. At the end
of the programme, ERREC will provide an appropriate Financial Report for
the Programme, supported by an Independent Auditor's Certificate.
IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE
The proposed timetable is from May 2001 up to December 2001 and the
details are listed below.
Activities
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
J
Procurement and transport
X
X
X
X
X
Distribution of food
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Monitoring
X
X
X
X
X
X
Reporting
X
X
CO-ORDINATION
There are monthly meetings of the ACT partners, during which the relief
interventions and rehabilitation are discussed and coordination assured,
e.g. in monitoring. There are also bi-weekly coordination meetings with
the different partners involved in relief food aid: WFP, ERREC, NGOs
during which the available resources are discussed and plans are prepared
to make best use of these resources.
BUDGET
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE FOR DIA
Description Type of No of UnitCost Budget
Unit Units US$ US$
FOOD
Wheat MT 4,050 205 830,250
Lentils MT 324 471 152,604
Oil MT 243 750 182,250
Sub Total 1,165,104
MATERIAL TRANSPORT, STORAGE, WAREHOUSNG AND HANDLING
Sea freight (DQE Massawa) MT 4,617 80.00 369,360
Inland transport Asmara-Massawa MT 4,617 11.00 50,787
Inland transport Asmara-distrib center MT 4,617 42.91 198,115
Port services MT 4,617 16.00 73,872
Storage and handling MT 4,617 15.00 69,255
Total Material Transport, Storage, Warehousing & Handling 761,389
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS & SUPPORT
Salaries and Support Staff
Expatriate staff:
DIA country rep in Eritrea (50%) Month 9 125 1,125
Description Type of No of UnitCost Budget
Unit Units US$ US$
Field allowance Trip 6 150 900
Local staff:
Field monitor Month 6 150 900
Secretary (50%) Month 9 150 1,350
Project driver Month 6 200 1,200
Distribution supervisors (2 persons) Month 6 125 1,500
Finance officer (50%) Month 6 100 600
Office Operation:
Communications and postage (50%) Month 9 150 1,350
Office rent (50%) Month 9 250 2,250
Office utilities and supplies Month 9 350 3,150
Vehicle Operation:
Car hire for field monitoring Day 135 90 12,150
Fuel and lubricants KM 10,000 0.20 2,000
Other Expenses:
Per diem for field monitor Day 135 15 2,025
Per diem for driver Day 135 15 2,025
Total Personnel, Administration, Operations and Support 32,525
NUTRITION SURVEY
Costs for staff, transport and equipment Survey 2 3,750 7,500
AUDIT
Audit of funds Lumpsum 3,500 3,500
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 1,970,018
REQUESTING ACT MEMBER INFORMATION
Norwegian Church Aid (NCA)
IMPLEMENTING ACT MEMBER & PARTNER INFORMATION
Norwegian Church Aid (NCA) is an ecumenical relief and development aid
organisation. It is based on the values of justice, participation,
compassion and peace. NCA has had fifty years of global experience,
responding to emergency situations and working on development agendas.
NCA/Eritrea has been present in Asmara since the liberation of Eritrea in
1991, providing Relief, Rehabilitation and Development Assistance. NCA was
also the Lead Agency of the ERD Programme which operated from the Sudan
from 1981 to 1991 with Emergency Relief to the non-governmental areas of
Eritrea and Tigray.
NCA's local partner is the Eritrean relief and Refugee Commission (ERREC),
a government institution responsible for emergency relief activities.
GOAL & OBJECTIVES
The main goal is to provide basic shelter and psycho-social counselling to
the most vulnerable families/individuals affected by the war.
Objectives:
Construction of 30 new houses in units of 4 (120 family houses). Each
unit comprises 4 family houses each with a multipurpose room 4m x 5m and
an attached outside kitchen unit 2m x 2m. Future extensions are possible.
The houses will be constructed with cement blocks, and will include
concrete slab and cement floors as well as 2 windows and doors with steel
frames and corrugated iron roofing.
Local contractors will be chosen after official tender procedures and
locally available building materials will be used
Rehabilitation of 171 partly destroyed family houses. This will be carried
out by local carpenters with the assistance of family members. The work
will primarily be masonry wall rehabilitation and renewal of roofing
materials. Local stones will be used for masonry work while new galvanized
iron sheeting will be supplied for roofing.
To promote understanding, raise awareness and to respond to the needs of
women affected by sexual / gender based violence through counseling
services.
TARGETTED BENEFICIARIES
Number and Type of Targeted Beneficiaries
The targeted people are mostly households that had their homes destroyed
during the war with Ethiopia. Although the number of people requiring
shelter assistance is still very high, NCA is targeting the families that
are most vulnerable. In this program, 291 families are targeted - families
from 14 villages within the border area of Adi Quala sub zone of the Debub
region. Most of the women also suffer trauma and psychological problems as
a result of the war.
Criteria for selection of Beneficiaries
Families or individuals registered with ERREC at any time as being either
victims of war or expellees, as well as women having been raped and
assaulted by the invading troops.
Target Group composition
Families and individuals of which approximately 80 % of the households are
headed by women.
Target Group Accessibility
The housing beneficiaries are easily accessible but the female war victims
will have to be accessed through local communities, work-shops, awareness
and information.
ASSISTANCE & IMPLEMENTATION
Construction and rehabilitation of residential houses for a total of 291
families, of which 120 are new constructions and 171 are rehabilitation of
partly destroyed houses. All beneficiaries are war victims and are
residing in 14 villages within the border area of Adi Quala sub zone of
the Debub region.
ERREC and MOLG will be responsible for the construction of the new
individual houses and the rehabilitating of the partially damaged ones.
They will provide NCA with the appropriate required reports and
NCA/Eritrea will also carry out the required monitoring.
Women Victims
HABEN Eritrea will be responsible for the implementation of the proposed
programme for war affected women victims.
ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, MONITORING & REPORTING
Administration
ERREC will be the recipient organisation, and will be
responsible/accountable for the commodities and the construction of the
houses. They will carry out all required work concerning the construction
and rehabilitation of the new and damaged houses as per their official
mandate. They will provide appropriate reports and audited financial
reports according to standard requirements and as specified in a Contract
between NCA/Eritrea and ERREC for the donations under this Project.
HABEN will be the recipient partner for the Female War Victim Project.
They will provide appropriate reports as well as audit certified reports
according to standard requirements.
The authorities will make sure that all official formalities are being
taken care of in an efficient and effective manner.
Funding of the project will be through this ACT appeal and NCA will ensure
that necessary logistical arrangements for the safe delivery of the
commodities under this Project are done. NCA/Eritrea will also follow up
the project at the local level and ensure that all required reporting is
provided, including the appropriate Monitoring Reports generated from its
own staff.
Monitoring
The Monitoring of the proper use of resources provided under this contract
will be an ongoing activity for the duration of the programme, carried out
by NCA/Eritrea's own staff. The monitoring will include, but not be
limited to, the following activities:
General Duties of the Monitor:
To keep close contact with ERREC/MOLG on any of the above-mentioned
duties, and to maintain a good and open relationship with all ERREC/MOLG
staff.
To follow up and secure all relevant information and/or report from
ERREC/MOLG in a timely and accurate manner.
To make regular field visits to any of ERREC's/MOLG's sub warehouses, in
order to secure information on proper receipt/despatch of any quantities
of NCA consignments/goods.
To make regular field visits to the construction sites to check progress
and submit status reports.
Record accurately and clearly on any possible discrepancies between
reports received from ERREC/MOLG and the facts found at the construction
sites.
Issue an appropriate report on each field visit, listing all sites visited
and activities carried out, including conclusions reached and
recommendations for actions to be taken.
To make sure that all related institutions receive relevant and
appropriate documentation in a timely and proper manner.
To carry out any other duties pertinent to the overall responsibilities of
a Monitor.
Local Procurements and Contracts:
Make sure that ERREC establishes the appropriate contracts for each
purchase and secure copies of the same for NCA's Project File.
Follow up on all deliveries from the supplier to the ERREC warehouse, and
secure copies of all relevant delivery notes.
Secure a Certificate of Receipt from ERREC on the quantity delivered to
their warehouse if applicable.
ERREC / MOLG shall issue copies to NCA of all contracts entered into with
building contractors and builders or others having a bearing upon the
usage of the donated funds for this project.
Secure a certificate of completion for each part of the project.
Monitoring Procedures & Methods.
Reports.
NCA will receive regular reports from ERREC/MOLG giving sufficient details
of the construction of the houses for the intended beneficiaries,
specifying details such as: location of the constructed/rehabilitated
houses; number of families (individuals) supported, completion dates etc.
Female Victims
HABEN will report regularly to NCA upon progress of work and funds used.
Accountability & Financial Reports.
ERREC/MOLG and HABEN will be accountable for all resources handed over to
them in connection with the Project. ERREC/MOLG and HABEN will maintain an
accounting system for such provisions, in accordance with international
acceptable accounting principles, open for inspection by NCA at any time
required in connection with their monitoring role. At the end of the
Project, ERREC/MOLG and HABEN will provide an appropriate Financial Report
for the Project, supported by an independent auditor's certificate. NCA
will have the final responsibility to report to the ACT CO.
CO-ORDINATION
Co-ordination will take place between all the ACT members in the appeal.
In addition, the ACT Eritrea members will work closely with other NGOs
providing humanitarian assistance to war victims in the country and of
course with the government both through the ERREC and directly.
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
The construction of 120 new houses (family units) and the 171 to be
rehabilitated will be carried out within 8 months (May- December 2001.)
Female Victims
The psychosocial rehabilitation of war victims is probably a lengthy
process, however, the present project is proposed to be completed within
the year.
BUDGET
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE FOR NORWEGIAN CHURCH AID
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget Budget
Unit Units NOK NOK US$
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS & SUPPORT
Salaries - Local Staff:
Monitor Month 8 3,500 28,000 3,074
Driver Month 8 1,500 12,000 1,318
Total Personnel, Administration, Operations and Support 4,392
Shelter - Construction of new houses - 120 units:
Work below ground level:
Excavation and earth work Lumpsum 124,020 13,618
Masonry work Lumpsum 251,400 27,604
Concrete work Lumpsum 480,960 52,810
Work above ground level:
Concrete work Lumpsum 114,150 12,534
Block and stone work Lumpsum 732,270 80,404
Roofing (carpentry and jointer) Lumpsum 787,215 86,437
Metal work Lumpsum 398,904 43,800
Other - plastering, painting, etc Lumpsum 582,624 63,973
Rehabilitation of damaged houses - 171 units:
Roofing (carpentry and jointer) Lumpsum 1,019,901 111,986
Transportation costs Lumpsum 262,599 28,834
Labor costs Lumpsum 85,500 9,388
Total Shelter 531,386
PSYCHO SOCIAL ACTIVITIES
Skill training workshops Workshop 4 10,875.00 43,500 4,776
Rehabilitation of women victims Month 12 68,875.00 826,500 90,750
Total Psycho Social Activities 95,527
MONITORING
Per diem for 1 monitor Day 90 200.00 18,000 1,976
Per diem for 1 driver Day 90 200.00 18,000 1,976
Fuel and lubricants KM 3,000 1.75 5,250 576
Total Monitoring 4,529
OTHER COSTS
Regional travel Lumpsum 10,000 10,000 1,098
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 636,933
RATES OF EXCHANGE:
USD/NOK 9.10739
REQUESTING ACT MEMBER
Lutheran World Federation/Department for World Service * Eritrea Field
Program (LWF/DWS * ER)
IMPLEMENTING AGENCY
LWF/DWS Eritrea (LWF/DWS-ER) is a field program of the LWF/DWS. It is
mandated to work with LWF member churches for the fulfilment of their
individual and corporate responsibilities in the field of Christian
Service (Diaconia). This includes both emergency/rehabilitation and
development activities.
LWF/DWS has more than 50 years of experience world wide in providing
emergency relief and rehabilitation assistance in response to human
suffering caused by both natural and human made crises.
LWF Eritrea was established in 1992 and has since implemented relief,
rehabilitation and development projects.
ACT/LWF will collaborate closely in implementing activities with the
Ministry of Local Government (MoLG), and the communities involved.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION
Background
Eritrea gained its independence in 1992. The country is organised into six
administrative regions or Zobas with a total population of about 3.5
million. Ever since its independence it has demonstrated a strong
commitment to the goal of nation building, national reconstruction and
rapid economic development within the framework of a market economy.
During the period 1992-1997 it witnessed a reasonably rapid improvement in
the social and economic sectors. Unfortunately, as of May 1998, this
development trend was suddenly interrupted by a border dispute with
Ethiopia which deteriorated and ended in a major military confrontation
between Eritrea and Ethiopia. Despite intensive international efforts to
resolve the conflict peacefully, the conflict spread and ended in a major
invasion of sovereign Eritrean territory by the Ethiopian army. The
population in the affected areas fled further north, leaving everything
behind and were accommodated in make shift camps.
Eritrea is not only suffering from the consequences of war in an area that
was previously considered the bread basket of Eritrea, but also from the
ravages of a severe drought that is affected the Sahel area of Eritrea,
comprising Zoba Anseba, Northern Red Sea and Southern Red Sea regions.
These areas cannot under normal circumstances feed the nation as they have
less than 200 mm of annual rainfall and the length of the growing seasons
is less than 90 days and for the most arid places it is less than 75 days.
Moreover, there has been very little or no rain in these areas during the
past three years. This has been compounded by a highly degraded soil with
an annual loss of about 15-18 ton/h/year, which is common in the slopes of
the Sahelian highlands, contributing to the low fertility of the soil.
Lastly, the very low technology input in agriculture, which has still
remained traditional, has also contributed to the low production rates of
these Zobas. The combined contribution of the three Zobas to the national
grain production, on average, ranges between 11% and 24%.
Current situation
War affected : A large portion of the internally displaced persons (IDPs)
still live in camps or settlements near host communities, placing a
tremendous burden on socio-economic coping mechanisms, leaving resident
populations vulnerable as well, albeit to a lesser degree. Furthermore,
94'000 Eritreans have crossed the international border with Sudan, thus
adding to the already existing 160'000 Eritreans refugees in Sudanese
camps. The humanitarian community is now confronted by a growing need for
humanitarian assistance with few resources immediately available. The
border may be quiet for the moment, but for the war-affected populations
the crisis is not over. Even under the best-case scenario, immediate
return home for many is impossible due to the destruction of homes, basic
infrastructure, loss of crops and household assets, lack of social
services and the presence of landmines. The outlook for the rest of the
year is bleak. Deterioration of the humanitarian situation will continue
if immediate needs are not met for the majority of the war effected
population. Whether peace is achieved or not, the bulk of the cereal crop
has already been lost this year due to the displacement of entire
populations in the agricultural-rich area of Gash Barka and Debub regions.
Food, health services, clean water, sanitation, agricultural inputs and
education will have to be provided swiftly to stabilise the humanitarian
situation.
Drought affected: At the present time, the country's food supply is
critically low, approaching a crisis proportion. Even under normal
conditions, Eritrea is a food deficit area. Eritrea's food grain
requirements have been consistently higher than its net domestic supply of
food-grains. In the post liberation period, the country's food-grain
deficit has been on average 63.6% of the annual food requirements. The
poor winter rains in 1999 have led to widespread crop failures. The
predominantly pastoralist population of the Sahel regions tend to use the
sale of their livestock to purchase grain as a coping mechanism to meet
their food needs. Drought and war have contributed to a substantial
increase in grain prices that in most cases went beyond the reach of many
households. Among the pastoralist communities, increase of grain prices
has implied a sudden reduction in the size of their livestock that they
were forced to sell at lower prices. Livestock being the main asset of
this population, they are now dangerously exposed to starvation that could
easily degenerate into famine.
Impact on human lives
Whether people are displaced or are not able to survive due to natural
elements, the impact on their lives is very much the same with equally
similar needs. Having lost everything, whether through displacement or
natural causes, not being able to eke out a livelihood is devastating. It
is important to assist with basic means to enable the affected to regain a
certain level of self-sufficiency.
Description of damages
War affected areas: The damages range from destruction and looting of
vital water infrastructures, rendering them virtually unusable to
destruction of schools, clinics, government infrastructures. Huts and
small houses in villages have mostly been razed to the ground.
Irrigation equipment owned by rural communities, food stocks and farming
implements have been stolen or destroyed. Cattle and small ruminants have
been stolen, killed or eaten.
The disruption of the agricultural season in the main grain producing
areas has left people without food.
Drought affected areas: Water sources have dried up and fields are barren
with livestock being sold at extremely low prices. There are outbreaks of
water born diseases as people drink muddy waters from the polluted
streams.
Communities have been selected around Keren and along the road from Halhal
to Zara, an area hard hit by the drought, in the Zoba of Anseba. 44
villages have been identified by the local authorities in the area, as
being severely affected by drought.
When visiting the area villagers told LWF that only 6 years ago there was
enough water for all, but that a steady decline in rainfall over the past
few years had reduced the available water to a bare minimum. Some villages
had to be abandoned because of lack of water and the villagers live
dispersed in the surrounding communities waiting for the moment to return
home. Other villages have reached the end of the line; their hand dug
wells cannot go deeper and water is being rationed while awaiting the
normal rain patterns to resume. The area looks arid and the pressure on
the few remaining water points is causing widespread environmental damage.
Location of proposed emergency intervention
War affected : LWF/DWS/ER is proposing rehabilitation assistance in some
of the most severely hit areas in the western and southern lowlands,
specifically in Ghergef, Tebeldia, Gulij, Tessenei, Barentu in Gash Barka
and Kisad Eka, enda, Ghiorghis, Adi Nefas, Adi Wesek, Ubec, Mai Mine, Adi
Quala, Areza and Mai Aini in the south Debub area. The socio-economic
structures of these rural villages and towns is destroyed and needs to be
reconstructed to enable inhabitants to secure the basic necessities of
life.
Drought affected : LWF/DWS/ER have visited and assessed the needs of 13
villages; Ghebeylebu, Kerstet, Emrakubet, Melebso, Fenshebeku and
Kerotnejar in the Halhal sub region. Tahra in the Salah sub region and
Mitatet in the Asmat subregion. Furthrmore Farhen, Cogay, Badob, Wazintet
and Ad Omargaber in the Hagaz sub region.
The communities in the regions selected are mixed farmers/cattle keepers
who used to grow wheat, barley, sorghum and durra. They also keep cattle,
goats, sheep and camels but because of the little rains that have fallen
the last few years, most depend at present on their animals for a living.
The normal rainy season starts in June-July until August-September and in
normal years the annual rainfall can reach 400 mm. The altitude of the
area ranges from 1,900 to 2,000 metres..
Current security situation
Most of the areas in the war affected zone are now accessible for
assessments and LWF/DWS-ER together with other Government and humanitarian
agencies have made several assessment missions to the areas cited above.
Some areas are not yet open due to suspected landmine problems. Security
in the proposed implementation area is good and LWF is quite confident
that the proposed assistance can be immediately carried out once funds
become available.
GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Goal : to assist both the war affected and the drought affected
populations to have access to clean drinking water and to assist both
categories in regaining sustainable livelihood.
Objectives :
War affected areas:
Access to clean and adequate water
Repair environmental damage around water points,
Training in environmental awareness and sanitation around water points
Provide training regarding water equipment use and maintenance
Repair and re-equip schools
Provide agricultural equipment or animals to restart agricultural
production.
Drought affected
Provide clean and adequate water for human and animal consumption
Provide training on management of the water systems and sanitation around
the water sites before handing over to the communities and local
authorities.
DESCRIPTION of the TARGETED ASSISTANCE
War Affected Areas
Tessenei: This town 370 km west of Asmara, has been assisted by LWF in
the past. Part of the town's water supply system was developed by LWF and
the aim of the assistance is to rehabilitate the water system now greatly
damaged. Once the system is repaired it will benefit 25000 people.
Rehabilitation will entail:
Replacement of 1 generator
Reconstruction of 1 generator house
Replacement of 1 solar pumping system
Repair and partially replace water reservoir system
Replacement of spare parts.
Barentu: The town of Barentu had one main water supply station, three
hand-dug wells and one bore hole. Submersible pumps are either powered by
generators or solar systems. The water system benefits a population of
20,000. To rehabilitate the water system the following is needed:
Replacement of two generators
Replacement of one submersible pump
Repair of two solar panel systems.
Enda Ghiorghis: The village is only 12 kilometres from the Ethiopian
border and the only elementary school has been damaged. The school is
composed of 3 school blocks with 4 classrooms each. 4 of the surrounding
villages send their children to this school as well. A total of 1579
pupils attend this school.
Rehabilitation needs are as follows:
360 school desks including chairs
510 galvanised iron sheets to cover roofing
8 metal doors
28 metal - glazed windows
Adi Nefas: The elementary school in Adi Nefas village, built by LWF in
1997, was damaged and needs urgent repairs. It is serving a population of
3720.
Replacement of 200 school desks and chairs
Repair of roof 100 galvanised iron sheets, nails and timber
Replacement of 3 metal doors
Replacement of 2 metal glazed windows
Adi Wesek : Situation 88 kilometres from Mendefera it has a total
population of 3494.
Rehabilitation needs:
Replacement of 250 school desks and chairs
Roof repair * 400 galvanised iron sheets, nails and timber
Replacement 6 metal doors
Replacement 8 metal-glazed windows
Ubec: This village has a total population of 2621 and is situated 70 km
west of Adi Quala.
School rehabilitation:
Replacement of 250 school desks and chairs
Roof repair - 400 galvanised irons sheets * nails and timber
Replacement of 7 metal doors
Replacement of 7 metal glazed windows.
Labour costs for all rehabilitation locations.
Mai Mine: is situated in the Zoba of Debub, sub zone Adi Quala. The
village is located around 149 kilometres West of Adi Quala. The total
population is 55000 individuals. The village has been seriously damaged by
the war, the vital farming irrigation equipment was stolen, beehives were
stolen and around 2000 heads of cattle have been stolen or killed.
Emergency assistance consists of:
Replacement of 3 irrigation pumps
Replacement of 5 beehives
Replacement of 100 cows to the most needy
Restock veterinary pharmacy
Training in the use of equipment + toolbox
Adi Quala: is a town situated in the Zoba of Debub, sub zone Adi Quala.
The town is located around 90 kilometres South of Asmara. The total
population is 75000 individuals. The town's infrastructure has been
damaged by the war, and around 2500 heads of cattle have been stolen or
killed.
Emergency assistance consists of:
Replacement of 100 cows to the most needy
Restock veterinary pharmacy
Areza: is situated in the Zoba of Debub, sub zone Areza. The town is
located around 60 kilometres West of Medefera. The total population is
68000 individuals. The town has been damaged by the war, the vital farming
irrigation equipment was stolen, and around 1500 heads of cattle have been
stolen or killed.
Emergency assistance consists of:
Replacement of 4 irrigation pumps
Replacement of 240 metres of irrigation pipes
Replacement of 100 cows to the most needy
Restock veterinary pharmacy
Training in the use of equipment + toolbox
Mai Aini: is situated in the Zoba of Debub, sub zone Tropema. The village
is located around 75 kilometres South East of Asmara. The total population
is 35000 individuals. The village has been damaged by the war, the vital
farming irrigation equipment was stolen, and around 1000 heads of cattle
have been stolen or killed.
Emergency assistance consists of:
Replacement of 3 irrigation pumps
Replacement of 100 cows to the most needy
Restock veterinary pharmacy
Training in the use of equipment + toolbox
Drought Affected Areas
Through their appeal the government of Eritrea, via the Eritrean Relief
and Refugee Commission (ERREC) seeks to assist the populations afflicted
by the war and drought by making provisions in the following areas:
Food
Nutrition
Shelter
Water & Sanitation
Health
Transport and Logistical Support
Agricultural Inputs
Environment
Selected intervention
Following the needs expressed by the community and the capacity available
within LWF/DWS-ER we have selected the water and sanitation sector as
possible area for intervention by LWF/DWS-ER.
Targeted beneficiaries drought affected
The selected beneficiaries will be community members in general of the
below mentioned villages and their surroundings
Village Population Distance from Keren town Activity
Emrakubet 1848 70km Bore hole
Ghebeylebu 2120 40km Bore hole
Kertset 2773 78km Bore hole
Kerotnejar 2013 27km Bore hole
Tahra 2635 140km Hand dug well
Mitatet 860 219km Bore hole
Fenshebeku 3204 54km Bore hole
Melebso 5424 63km Bore hole
Farhen 4000 29km Bore hole
Kogay 4280 30km Bore hole
Badob 2973 16km from Hagaz Bore hole
Ad Omargaber 2701 20km from Hagaz Bore hole
Wazintet 5500 13km from Keren Bore hole
PROPOSED EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE & IMPLEMENTATION
At this critical time, the priority activity will be to survey, drill,
pump test and equip new bore holes for the drought affected populations.
Furthermore training will be provided for the management of the water
source and sanitation. The bore holes will be equipped with submersible
pumps powered by generators and in 3 villages powered by solar panels. In
one village the objective will be to install a well, rather than drill a
bore hole.
Emrakubet
The village is located in the Zoba Anseba, 70 kilometres North of Keren.
The rainfall is 300-400mm normally but since 1992 rains have become less
and less until at this moment, when they face serious problems in the
provision of water for the community. Community members have been fetching
water from a stream 8 kilometres away from the village and even this water
source is becoming dryer day by day because of the present drought
situation.
The community members are from the Tigre tribe and are traditionally
farmers. The 5424 community members have presently vacated the village and
taken refuge in neighboring villages because of the water problem. They
return by day to prepare their dry fields, hoping for rains to finally
come.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 topographical and hydro-geographical survey
1 bore hole with a generator and a submersible pump
1 generator house
1 water reservoir 35 cubic metres
2 water points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
1000 metres 3" GI pipes
500 metres 2" GI pipes
Ghebeylebu
The village is located in the Zoba Anseba 40 kilometres North of Keren.
The rainfall is 300-400mm normally but since 1992 rains have become less
and less until at this moment, when they face serious problems in the
provision of water for the community. Community members are fetching water
from a poorly producing hand dug well at 10 kilometres distance from the
village.
The community is composed of 2,120 traditional farmers from the Bilen
ethnic group.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 bore hole with a generator and a submersible pump
1 generator house
1 water reservoir 35 cubic metres
2 water points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
1500 metres of 3" GI pipes
500 metres of 2" GI pipes
Kertset
The village is located in the Sub Zone of Halhal, Zoba Anseba,
approximately 78 kilometres North of Keren. The rainfall is 300-400mm
normally but since 1992 rains have become less and less until at this
moment, when they face serious problems in the provision of water for the
community. The community is fetching water from a poorly producing hand
dug well at 4 kilometres distance from the village. Community members are
from the Tigre ethnic group who are traditionally farmers. The community
is composed of 2773 individuals.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 bore hole with a generator and a submersible pump
1 generator house
1 water reservoir 35 cubic metres
2 water points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
1000 metres of 3" GI pipes
500 metres of 2" GI pipes
Kerotnejar
The village is located in the Zoba of Anseba, Sub zone Halhal
approximately 27 kilometres North of Keren. The rainfall is 300-400mm
normally but since 1992 rains have become less and less until at this
moment, when they face serious problems in the provision of water for the
community. The community members are fetching water from a poorly
producing hand dug well at about 7 kilometres distance from the village.
The community members are from the Bilen ethnic group and are
traditionally farmers. The community is composed of 2013 individuals.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 bore hole
2 water points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
500 metres of 2" GI pipes
Tahra
The village is located in the Zoba of Anseba, sub zone Halhal at around
140 kilometres North of Keren. The rainfall is 200-300mm normally but
since 1992 rains have become less and less until at this moment, when they
face serious problems in the provision of water for the community. The
community members are presently fetching water from the Anseba river which
is approximately 8 kilometres distance from the village. The community
members are from the Tigre ethnic group, traditionally farmers and
pastoralists. There are 2635 people in the village.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 Deep well with a generator and submersible pump
1 generator house
1 reservoir of 35cubic metres
3 water points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
4000 metres of 3" GI pipes
800 metres of 2" GI pipes
Mitatet
The village is located in the Zoba of Anseba, sub zone of Halhal and lies
approximately 222 kilometres North of Keren. The rainfall is 200-300mm
normally but since 1992 rains have become less and less until at this
moment, when they face serious problems in the provision of water for the
community. The village community is presently fetching water from a river,
9 kilometres from the village. Community members are from the Hidaret and
Tigre ethnic group who are traditionally farmers and pastoralists. The
community consists of 871 individuals.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 topographical and hydro-geographical survey
1 Bore hole with a generator and submersible pump
1 generator house
1 reservoir of 35cubic metres
2 water points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
1000 metres of 3" GI pipes
500 metres of 2" GI pipes
Fenshebeku
The village is located in the Zoba of Anseba, sub zone Halhal,
approximately 54 kilometres North of Keren. . The rainfall is 300-400mm
normally but since 1992 rains have become less and less until at this
moment, when they face serious problems in the provision of water for the
community. At present the community is fetching water at a river
approximately 8 kilometres from the village. Community members are from
the Bilen and tigre ethnic groups who are traditionally farmers. The
village and surroundings consists of 3204 individuals.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 topographical and hydro-geographical survey
1 Bore hole with a generator and submersible pump
1 generator house
1 reservoir of 35cubic metres
2 water points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
1000 metres of 3" GI pipes
500 metres of 2" GI pipes
Melebso
The village is located in the Zoba of Anseba, sub zone Halhal,
approximately 63 kilometres North of Keren. The rainfall is 300-400mm
normally but since 1992 rains have become less and less until at this
moment, when they face serious problems in the provision of water for the
community. At present the community fetches water from a poorly producing
hand dug well in the village. They are from the Tigre ethnic group and are
traditionally traders and farmers. The population of the village community
consists of 6000 individuals.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 topographical and hydro-geographical survey
1 Bore hole with a generator and submersible pump
1 generator house
1 reservoir of 50cubic metres
4 water points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
1000 metres of 3" GI pipes
1000 metres of 2" GI pipes
Ad Omargaber
The village is located in the Hagaz sub-region south of Hagaz. Normal
rainfall figures until 1990 were around 400-500 mm, but since 1990 the
rains have become less and less until at this moment when they face
serious problems in the provision of water for the community. Ad Omargaber
is the central village around which a cluster of smaller villages is
located. These are; Ad Raka, Cheweti, Ad Derar, and Ad Ghermi. The central
water infrastructure servicing all communities is to be created at Ad
Omargaber.
15 years ago these communities got water from hand dug wells and they
would grow groundnuts and sorghum, as well as keep animals. Now their
number of animals has been reduced because they have to sell them at
reduced prices in order to buy food at the market. The community has to
fetch water from Hagaz with the use of donkeys, which is round 6
kilometres away. This year they depend on foreign food aid for the first
time.
There are underground streams in the area that may have the potential to
provide enough water when tapped by means of a deep bore hole. These
streams are called Berchuwa and Awengely. Berchuwa is closest to the
community. The system would provide water for 2701 people and
approximately 7000 animals.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 topographical and hydro-geographical survey
1 bore hole with an electric submersible pump, powered by a solar system
1 water reservoir of 50cubic metres
3 water points
2 cattle troughs
1000 metres of 3" GI pipes
1500 metres of 2" GI pipes
Badob
The village is located 16 kilometres North-West of Hagaz and is surrounded
by smaller villages called Ad Mahmoud, Ad Saoul, Ad Tzada Salama, Ad Humed
Surur, Ad Kedaday, and Ad Lecotat. They have a hand-dug well in the
riverbed, that has water only when it rains. The community consists of
2973 people and they have around 9500 animals. They are
agriculturalists/pasturalists and their present problems have much in
common with the community around Ad Omargaber. A hydro-geological study
has been made already on the potential water available.
Emergency water rehabilitation assistance needed:
1 topographical and hydro-geographical survey
1 bore hole close to the riverbed, equipped with a submersible pump,
powered by a solar system.
1 reservoir of 50 cubic metres
4 water points located in the village Ad Saoul
2 cattle troughs
500 metres of 3" GI pipes
2000 metres of 2" GI pipes
Farhen
Villagers get water 2 hours walking distance at present. In the past they
relied on hand dug wells around the village. After the rains diminished,
10 years ago these started to dry up. The people are agriculturalists
keeping animals as well. Total population of the village including the
nearby community of Bessec Dira is around 4000 people and 15000 animals.
Now that the crops have failed over such a long time the communities
depend on their animals for survival. They suggest a bore hole close to
the riverbed called Bet Hemmem or in another riverbed called Mai Habbar.
Emergency water rehabilitation needs:
1 hydro-geological and topographical survey
1 bore hole powered by a generator and equipped with submersible pump
1 generator house
1 reservoir of 50cubic metres
4 water points
4 cattle troughs
1000 metres of 3" GI pipes
2500 metres of 2" GI pipes
Kogay
The village is located 30 kilometres North of Keren in the area of Ghez
Ghiza. The village of Kogay is surrounded by 8 smaller communities called;
Akay, Asmat Awhe, Kerwat, Gamdebrom, Astero, Tebano Anu, Tanalebo, and
Hamballay. In total there are 4280 people and around 6000 animals in the
area. The communities are 90 percent pastoralists, with a little
agriculture and some small businesses.
The problem started when the shallow wells dried up and the bore holes dug
produced little and very salty water. In the dry season the water
shortages are getting so bad that some villagers have to move out until
the rainy season, and one school had to be relocated because of lack of
water. The remaining villagers have to walk 6 hours to get to the nearest
water point.
The solution may be a bore hole next to a dam that holds water during the
rainy season, the infiltration water of good quality, may be harvested
during the dry season.
Emergency water rehabilitation needs:
1 hydro-geological survey and topographical survey
1 bore hole equipped with a submersible pump powered by a generator
1 generator house
1 reservoir of 50 cubic metres
2 water points next to the reservoir
4 cattle troughs next to the reservoir
2 water points in the village of Kogay
1500 metres of 3" GI pipes
2400 metres of 2" GI pipes
Wazintet
The village of Wazintet is the central village with smaller communities
located around it, these are: Gam, Hitzaz, and Diresh. Around 10 years ago
their water source became dry and when they tried to dig deeper, they were
stopped by rocks at around 5 metres deep. At present they have to fetch
water around 7 kilometres away from the Anseba river. The community
consists of 5500 people 2500 animals. Because of the lack of rains these
past years they cannot produce crops and rely more and more on the selling
of their animals. They depend on food aid at the moment for their basic
food needs. The community members actually are former refugees that
returned to their home areas from Sudan. They are mixed agriculturalists /
pastoralists.
After discussions they indicated the need for a drilled bore hole equipped
with a submersible pump powered by a solar system.
Emergency water rehabilitation needs:
One hydro-geological and topographical survey
One drilled bore hole equipped with a submersible pump, powered by a solar
system
One reservoir of 50 cubic metres
3 water distribution points with 4 taps each
2 cattle troughs
1000 metres of 3" GI pipes
1800 metres of 2" GI pipes
Implementation
LWF/DWS-ER is responsible to ACT for implementation, monitoring and
reporting on the proposed project activities. The activities will be
co-ordinated by an ACT-LWF emergency office in Asmara. It will make use of
existing LWF/DWS-ER management structures and infrastructures. A small
field office will be opened for the duration of the emergency related
activities, from where daily supervision, monitoring and reporting will
take place.
The Ministry of Local Government, water department, is responsible for
co-ordination, facilitation, and evaluation on site. The installation and
construction works will be contracted out to contractors and the training
workshops will be contracted out to local specialists and be held on site
Assessments of needs have been made by LWF/DWS-ER assisted by the Ministry
of Local Government and community members concerned. The assessments will
be followed by the necessary technical surveys when funding becomes
available, carried out by locally available experts.
When the availability of water has been confirmed, contracts will be
awarded after a selection process involving local contractors. When
contracts have been signed the installation of the works will begin.
When the installation has been completed a 10 day training exercise will
be held on site on the use and maintenance of the equipment and on
sanitation measures protecting the sites. These workshops will be
organised by local experts, who will be contracted by LWF/WS-ER. After
completion of the training exercises the installations will be handed over
to the local authorities and communities for long term use and management.
During the implementation period ACT-LWF will employ 2 Project Officers
and two drivers, for the war affected and drought affected projects close
to the operation sites with their respective offices. The Officers will
monitor and co-ordinate the activities on a daily basis with the
assistance of two vehicles at their disposal.
Transition from emergency
The activity is purely an emergency operation to address severe water
shortages in the area. There is at present no long term non ACT activity
in the pipeline dealing with rehabilitation and development. The
facilities will be handed over to the community and Ministry of Local
Government. The latter has the capacity to continue assisting the
communities in managing the systems and will be entrusted with supporting
the community with continued long term monitoring and management of the
installations.
ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, MONITORING & REPORTING
The overall responsibility of the program lies with the Program Manager of
LWF/WS in Eritrea, who will delegate responsibilities to an Emergency
co-ordination office within the LWF/WS premises in Asmara. It is in the
Asmara office that financial administration takes place and the
administration of this activity will be added to the present workload.
>From time to time consultants will be called upon to assist in specific
areas as per expressed need. The office is familiar with reporting
requirements of ACT as well as the procurement regulations. A short
workshop will be organised to update the staff on ACT as a co-ordinating
structure and to update awareness on various requirements as well as the
need for ACT visibility.
Two small field offices will be opened in the respective project
implementation areas, the office will be staffed by a field supervisor
(engineer) with few support staff. This office will monitor and
co-ordinate implementation progress on a daily basis, and it will closely
collaborate with the Ministry of Local Government staff based in the same
location.
One project vehicle will need to be purchased, to allow for daily field
visits by the field unit. An existing vehicle will be used for follow up
missions to the field by HQ staff.
Finance management and control.
The finance management and control is taken care of by an established LWF
financial management system. Funds will be released into the LWF Eritrea
account in Geneva, from where regular transfers will be requested to
Eritrea. The Finance administrator at the Asmara office will be
responsible for financial reporting and the program is subjected to annual
audits by an internationally recognised audit firm.
Project monitoring will be assured by the emergency office, which will
employ a senior co-ordinator and technical advisor. In case of need
assistance may be called from an external or internal consultant.
IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE
The implementation period will be one year, that is, from 1 December 2000
to 30 November 2001.
CO-ORDINATION
The other ACT members in Eritrea, Norwegian Church Aid and Dutch Inter
Church Aid, are not implementing such projects, so there will be no
duplication of activities. The other member NCA will be fully informed of
the intended activities, and there are regular exchanges taking place.
Co-ordination with other Agencies and Government departments will take
place at the weekly sector meeting dealing with the emergency situation.
During this process some of the planned activities may have to be altered
or changed somewhat, which will be done after consultation with the ACT
co-ordination office in Geneva.
BUDGET
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE FOR LWF
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Unit US$ US$
DIRECT ASSISTANCE
Survey & Study
Geophysical and Hydrological Survey Survey 9 2,000 18,000
Water Project Construction
Borehole drilling and testing Hole 12 14,000 168,000
Well digging and testing Well 1 11,500 11,500
Generator House + Material House 12 2,650 31,800
Reservoir 35 m3 (meter cubic) Unit 6 15,200 91,200
Elevated Reservoir 50 (meter Cubic) Unit 6 28,400 170,400
Water Points (4 Taps Each) Water point 37 600 22,200
Cattle Trough Trough 30 750 22,500
Environment Repair Work Site 13 1,000 13,000
Sub total 530,600
Water Project Equipment
Generators 15KVA-24 KVA Unit 12 5,000 60,000
Submersible Pump 7.5 KW Unit 10 3,650 36,500
Solar Panel + Pump/System System 4 17,000 68,000
Pipeline Galvanized 2" Meter 15,000 12 180,000
Pipeline Galvanized 3" Meter 15,500 14 217,000
Spare Parts for Solar Unit Repair Set 2 1,000 2,000
Irrigation Pumps Piece 10 5,000 50,000
Galvanized Irrigation Pipes "3" Meter 240 15 3,600
Sub total 617,100
Water Project Installation
Fence Installation Unit 3 450 1,350
Generator Installation Unit 12 390 4,680
Pumps Installation (Submersible) Unit 10 440 4,400
Irrigation Pump Installation Unit 10 500 5,000
Reservoir Repair & installation Unit 1 4,000 4,000
Sub total 19,430
Water Project Training
Contract Trainers Site 8 400 3,200
Training Irrigation Equipment use Site 3 380 1,140
Tool Boxes Unity 11 150 1,650
Training Materials Unit 11 400 4,400
Logistical expenses Site 11 230 2,530
Sub total 12,920
Social Infrastructure Repair
School Desk + Chairs Unit 1,500 60 90,000
Galvanized Iron Roof Sheets Unit 1,500 15 22,500
Doors Unit 30 95 2,850
Windows Unit 50 75 3,750
Sub total 119,100
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Unit US$ US$
Social Infrastructure, Construction & Labour
Repair of Roof, Doors, Windows Site 4 200 800
Environment, Awareness And Repair
Gulley Repair Works Site 7 1,000 7,000
Environmental Awareness Training Site 7 750 5,250
Sub total 12,250
Partial Replacement of Animal Losses
Restocking Breeding Herds Herd 400 400 160,000
Replacement Beehives Unit 5 100 500
Veterinary Pharmacy Restocking Site 5 200 1,000
Sub total 161,500
TOTAL DIRECT ASSISTANCE 1,491,700
MATERIAL TRANSPORT, WAREHOUSING AND HANDLING
International Freight Lumpsum 23,000
Hiring of Lorry from Port - Store - Site Month 4 1,400 5,600
Local Transport (Sub Contractor) Month 4 1,500 6,000
Clearing, Handling, Storage Lumpsum 9,600
TOTAL MATERIAL TRANSPORT, WAREHOUSING & HANDLING 44,200
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS & SUPPORT
Salaries - International Staff
Consultant Month 2 5,000 10,000
Salaries - Local Staff
Project Engineers (2) Month 12 1,200 14,400
Secretaries (2) Month 12 600 7,200
Project Drivers (2) Month 12 500 6,000
Perdiem Month 12 1,600 19,200
Insurance Lumpsum 2,400
Finance Officers (2) (50% for each) Month 12 500 6,000
Administrators (2) (50% for each) Month 12 700 8,400
International Travel for Consultant Trip 4 2,000 8,000
Office Operations
E-Mail Month 12 230 2,760
Radio Communication Month 12 400 4,800
Telephone Month 12 1,800 21,600
Insurance Lumpsum 2,400
Rent and Utilities for 2 field Offices Month 12 3,000 36,000
Office Equipment and Stationery Month 12 1,000 12,000
Vehicles
Vehicle Maintenance & Repair Month 12 600 7,200
Fuel (900litresX0.35) + Lubricants (35) Month 12 700 8,400
TOTAL PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS & SUPPORT 176,760
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Unit US$ US$
CAPITAL EQUIPMENT
Project Light Vehicle (4X4) Unit 1 36,000 30,000
VISIBILITY
Billboard Stickers etc. Lumpsum 8,000
EVALUATION
Evaluation of Program Lumpsum 15,000
AUDIT
Auditing of Program Lumpsum 7,000
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 1,772,660
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Action by Churches Together (ACT) is a worldwide alliance of churches and
their related agencies, meeting human need through co-ordinated emergency
response. The ACT Coordinating Office is based with the World Council of
Churches (WCC) and the Lutheran World Federation (LWF) in Switzerland.
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Ecumenical Centre Phone: ++41-22-791.60.33
150, route de Ferney Fax: ++41-22-791.65.06
P.O. Box 2100 E-Mail: act@wcc-coe.org
1211 Geneva 2 Telex: 415 730 OIK CH
Switzerland http://www.act-intl.org
distributed by
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Center for International Disaster Information
Volunteers in Technical Assistance
web: www.cidi.org
listserv: www.cidi.org/listsub.htm
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comments/suggestions/requests to incident@cidi.org