Ethiopia - ACT: 07-May-01
Action by Churches Together (ACT)
Appeal - Ethiopia
Famine Relief - AFET11
Appeal Target: US$ 6,387,502
Geneva, 7 May 2001
Ethiopia continues to face problems of food shortages due to the poor
rainfall. Since 1998, both the short and the long rains have been very
poor and erratic having a disastrous effect on the crop production. Last
year, over 10.5 million people needed relief food as the drought situation
was severe with hundreds of people reported dead from starvation and
thousands of livestock perished due to lack of water and pasture.
According to the government, the situation this year is better although
more than 6.2 million people still need immediate relief food assistance.
The main reason for the famine this year is the failure of the Meher rains
along with the failure of crops last year.
According to the Federal Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Commission
(DPPC) the food requirement for 2001 is 639,201 Mt. Out of this, the
ACT/JRP members, through this appeal, aim to provide 11,170 Mt. to 9
Woredas in which they are working. They also propose to provide seeds and
tools to selected beneficiaries in the same Woredas.
Once more, this appeal is a joint effort of the ACT members, Ethiopian
Orthodox Church (EOC), the Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus
(EECMY) and the Lutheran World Federation / Department of World Service
(LWF/DWS) Ethiopia on one hand, and on the other the Caritas
Internationalis Network members, Ethiopian Catholic Church (ECC) and
Catholic Relief Services (CRS). The JRP forum in Ethiopia agreed that this
joint appeal will be issued to both the ACT and the Caritas
Internationalis Networks. In the appeal, the members jointly ask for food
items only, while the non food items are requested exclusively by the ACT
members.
The activities in the appeal will include the following:
Food distribution
Seeds and Tools distribution
Employment Generation Scheme (EGS)
Please note that according to the ACT Evaluation Guidelines all appeals
with a target of US$ 5-million and over should have an external
evaluation. However, the ACT CO has decided that as there is currently an
evaluation of AFET01 being carried out, it is too early to have another
evaluation until the findings of the first have been followed up.
Project Completion Date: 30 November 2001
Summary of Appeal Targets, Pledges/Contributions Received and Balance
Requested
Targets Less: Pledges Balance Requested
Contr. Recd from ACT Network
ACT/JRP 4,906,400 0 4,906,400
EECMY & LWF/DWS 1,100,551 0 1,100,551
EOC 330,051 0 330,051
Other 50,500 0 50,500
Total Target US$ 6,387,502 0 6,387,502
Ms. Genevieve Jacques Thor-Arne Prois Rev. Rudolf Hinz
Director ACT Coordinator Director
WCC/Cluster on Relations LWF/World Service
REQUESTING ACT MEMBER INFORMATION
ACT/Caritas members in Ethiopia
ACT/Caritas members in the JRP Forum in Ethiopia
The Joint Relief Partnership ( JRP ) is requesting assistance to address
the problem of chronic food insecurity in different regions of Ethiopia.
This appeal document was discussed in the JRP Forum, which was formed in
the second half of the year 2000 to better co-ordinate the JRP emergency
responses.
The JRP Forum in Ethiopia comprises the following:
Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY)
Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC)
Lutheran World Federation / Department for World Service (LWF/DWS),
Ethiopia
Norwegian Church Aid (NCA), Ethiopia
Christian Aid (CA), Ethiopia
Ethiopian Catholic Church (ECC)
Catholic Relief Services (CRS)
Dutch Inter Church Aid (DIA), Ethiopia
Dan Church Aid (DCA), Ethiopia and
Bread For the World (BFW)
Requesting ACT/Caritas members
Three out of the five partners in the Joint Relief Partnership (JRP) in
Ethiopia are also members of the ACT network (EECMY, LWF, and EOC). The
two other members Catholic Relief Services and the Ethiopian Catholic
Church (CRS and ECC) are working through the Caritas Internationalis
Network. It is therefore agreed that this joint appeal shall be issued to
both the ACT network and to the Caritas Internationalis Network. In the
joint appeal the members jointly ask for food items only. The proposed
rehabilitation activities and non-food items proposed and described in
this appeal document are only for the ACT network, as the ECC has already
submitted their plan for rehabilitation activities to the Caritas network.
But to give a comprehensive outline of all the JRP members' activities
planned for 2001 a short summary has been included in this appeal
document.
The requesting ACT/Caritas members comprises of the following:
Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY)
Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC)
Lutheran World Federation / Department for World Service (LWF/DWS),
Ethiopia and
Ethiopian Catholic Church (ECC)
Catholic Relief Services (CRS)
IMPLEMENTING ACT MEMBER & PARTNER INFORMATION
The Joint Relief Partnership (JRP) is a consortium of three local
churches: Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC), Ethiopian Evangelical Church
Mekane Yesus (EECMY) and Ethiopian Catholic Church (ECC) and two church
related international organisations- Catholic Relief Service (CRS),
Ethiopia and the Lutheran World Federation/ Department for World Service
(LWF/DWS), Ethiopia.
The JRP was established in November 1984 during the peak of the famine and
has since then continued with relief and rehabilitation intervention in
different areas of the country whenever needed.
The Joint Relief Partnership will be the responsible co-ordination unit
for this rehabilitation program. In creating the unique partnership, JRP
members have succeeded in providing value added services, which complement
other Government and international efforts to develop a long-term
sustainable environment for the people of Ethiopia. For more than 15 years
this close working relationship and co-operation have ensured an immediate
and carefully planned response to developing emergencies. The good work
has encouraged international donors and churches to respond positively and
generously to JRP appeals.
To ensure effective and smooth co-ordination for implementation of relief
and rehabilitation programs, the JRP partners have demarcated the needy
areas, according to their local presence, capacity and existing
infrastructures.
All the JRP partners have long time experience in implementing relief
operations. They have developed the capacity to implement relief and
rehabilitation activities and created strong links with both the
communities and local government officials.
The ACT members present in Addis have meetings on a regular basis with the
JRP partners in the JRP Forum to co-ordinate operations and discuss joint
initiatives and strategies. These meetings take place every month, and
before submitting this JRP appeal, all ACT members in Addis have been
consulted so as to give input to the appeal and to make it all inclusive.
Christian Aid (CA), Dutch Interchurch Aid (DIA) and Norwegian Church Aid
(NCA) offices in Ethiopia were consulted on the draft appeal and their
comments have been taken into account in the final version. These offices
support and recommend the appeal, wishing to stress in particular two key
aspects:
The problem of food shortage in Ethiopia arises essentially from the
chronic food insecurity and poverty of a sizeable proportion of the
country's 63 million population. This proportion varies from year to year
and emergency appeals become necessary to sustain life and livelihoods
when insufficient attention is paid to chronic food insecurity. CA, DIA
and NCA plan to work with the JRP member agencies to enhance their efforts
to address this structural problem. The emphasis placed by the
Government's own Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission and the
JRP on rehabilitation in their 2001 appeals is a welcome step in this
direction.
CA, DIA and NCA aim especially to extend their support to capacity
building within the JRP member churches and will ask for their help in
identifying their needs. In particular, in order that lessons from the
appeal interventions can be learned and fully applied, CA, DIA and NCA
recognise the need for more fully developed monitoring and information
systems to track the work of the JRP agencies. Donor requirements, but
also the intrinsic value of the research itself, have underlined the need
for systematic collection of baseline data and impact assessments to
document the achievements of relief and rehabilitation interventions and
to guide future interventions. CA, DIA and NCA welcome the specific plans
for baseline study and impact evaluation included in this year's appeal
and will share with the JRP agencies the experience they have built up in
household food economy and nutrition survey work.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION
Background information
Food production in Ethiopia is highly dependent on rain fed agriculture.
The two main rainy seasons- the short belg rain and the main meher rains
are very important for crop production and animal production. 85% of the
population is engaged in the agricultural sector and agriculture
contributes significantly to the national economy and is the main source
of foreign currency.
The year 2000 crop harvest was generally poor due to the failure of the
short rain for the belg dependent areas and poor meher harvest due to low
and late rainfall distribution during the belg rainy season, when the long
cycle crops are usually planted. Moreover, there were and still are
substantial declines in animal herd size due to widespread death coupled
with distress sales to cope with food shortage, disease and lack of
fodder.
According to the Federal Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Commission
(DPPC) the main causes of the 2000 drought can be summarised as follows:
Failure of the 1999 and 2000 belg crop;
Poor performance of the 2000 main seasons crop;
Wide-spread pest infection;
Displacement of people due to the war between Eritrea and Ethiopia;
The pastoral communities are also suffering from poor and/or complete
failure of the small and main seasonal rains for three consecutive years.
This has had a severe impact on the availability of fodder and drinking
water for both animals and humans.
Due to the aforementioned reasons drought- affected people reached 10.51
DPPC Early Warning Report July 2000 1 million in July 2000. To assist in
the alleviation of an emerging hunger catastrophe in Ethiopia, the JRP
submitted its joint appeal in March 2000, and with the funds obtained
through that appeal, the JRP partners were able to assist the needy people
in the JRP operational areas.
Current situation
According to the Federal DPPC 2001 appeal, the country this year is in a
better condition compared to last year, but still more than 6.2 million
people are looking for immediate assistance. Out of those:
565,600 people need assistance due to the failure of last year's Belg
harvest
1,566,800 people due to last year's drought in the pastoral areas, and
4,109,900 people as a result of the failure of the Meher season.
Moreover, more than 3.1 million people are under close monitoring and
supervision, and a DPPC/WFP evaluation in the Amhara region will see if
this year's belg dependent farmers have been able to sow their crops, for
the harvest in July. It is however already known that in some areas,
especially in the northern part of Ethiopia, the sowing season started one
month late, due to delay in the belg rain. Therefore relief distribution
will in most areas be extended by at least one month. The JRP members will
of course follow the development very closely, and respond if the
situation further deteriorates.
The number of people needing assistance is expected to vary from month to
month, starting with a minimum of 3.2 million in February, and will
ultimately reach the highest number in June 2001. This estimation is based
on the assumption that the coming belg harvest will be normal and that
there will be further improvements in pastoral areas. However, as
mentioned above, information collected from the northern areas, indicate
that in some areas the harvest will be delayed and in other areas there
might not be any harvest in July.
As estimated in the Federal DPPC appeal, the food assistance requirement
for 2001 is 639,201 Mt of assorted food, of which 545,349 MT is grain,
54,539 MT is vegetable oil and 39,313 MT is supplementary food
respectively. The supplementary food will be distributed for malnourished
sections of the targeted community including lactating mothers, pregnant
women, elderly persons and children under five.
The Federal DPPC appeal 2001 focuses more on recovery, rehabilitation and
preparedness in order to integrate relief with development activities so
as to reduce the root causes of vulnerability in a sustainable manner. The
emergency responses therefore, go beyond the provision of food, taking a
more holistic approach and covering the technical, material and financial
needs of the key non-food sectors. The sectors selected for these
interventions are health, water, agriculture, employment generation
schemes and capacity building.
To implement this activity the Federal DPPC formulated an appeal for
2,354,140 USD for health, 9,424,630 USD for water 3,929,720 USD for
agriculture, 3,504,705 USD for EGS planning and implementation and
16,079,000 USD for capacity building activities.
Impact on Human Lives
Reports from FAO and WFP reveal that the physical condition of people is
weak and malnutrition is prevalent. Malaria and other water born diseases
also affect the population. According to the Federal DPPC and UN agencies
reports, the situation is critical even though better than last year.
Depletion of fixed assets and livestock and temporary migration of the
population is a common phenomenon in most of the drought- affected
Woredas. People are forced to consume wild plants and fruits, especially
in pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of the targeted Woredas, due to the
failure of rain for the last four consecutive years. However erratic rain
in November and December 2000 somehow improved the fodder availability and
condition of the livestock. Many cows in the Borena zone are now reported
pregnant, however the situation is still fragile, as any shortage of water
and fodder will lead to miscarriages, meaning not only loss of a new calf,
but also the loss of valuable milk for dairy products, which the
pastoralists rely on.
Locations for responses
The proposed locations constitute the relief operational areas where the
JRP members have their strongest presence on the ground. These include:
Amhara region:
North Wollo zone (Gubalafto Woreda)
Wag Himra zone (Dehana Woreda)
North Gonder Zone (Debark and Wogera woreda)
South Gonder Zone (Kemkem Woreda)
Oromiya region:
Bale Zone (Raiytu Woreda)
Borena Zone (Hagre Mariam Woreda)
SNNPR state:
Wolayta Zone (Damot Woidie Woreda)
Hadya Zone (Bada Wacho Woreda)
The JRP members will be distributing food in Woredas other than the 9
mentioned above, for the period up to June 2001. Donations for these other
areas have been obtained from the EU carryover from 2000 and the USAID
donation for 2001. In Annex 5 a table showing all JRP operational areas
and amount of food available from February to July can be found.
JRP members have decided to plan the 2001 operation in the above-mentioned
9 Woredas as they are the most vulnerable and of top priority to the JRP
members. They are also considered to be chronic food deficit areas,
requiring food assistance up to November or as indicated in table 2 and
Annex 5. Because of this chronic food insecurity, the JRP members have
agreed to focus on the rehabilitation measures, which can help improve the
long-term food security in the 9 Woredas. Furthermore the JRP members have
been operating for many years in the 9 woredas which means they have
already established a good working relationship with both communities and
woreda officials.
Disaster and Emergency statistics
As already mentioned, it is the DPPC, together with the major
international organisations, (FAO, WFP, UNICEF and USAID) and major NGOs,
including the JRP partners, that head the pre- and post harvest assessment
conducted every year in November/December and July. The information and
results from these assessments are provided to the government Early
Warning System (EWS).
This year, the government appeal is operating with two different groups,
the direct and immediate needy group of people and a group to be closely
monitored. This last group of people is not included in the DPPC
calculation of required food aid for this year. However WFP have in their
EMOB, or appeal for emergency help for Ethiopia, included this group, as
they have a more conservative estimation for this year's total need.
The JRP partners base this year's rehabilitation and relief operation on
the DPPC figures, but will also closely monitor and conduct their own
assessments so as to ensure immediate response if the conditions in its
areas of operation should further deteriorate.
As mentioned above, this joint appeal is based on the figures and
assessment conducted by the DPPC. It is a known fact that these figures do
not always correspond with what is observed when visiting the local areas.
Often also the local woreda officials report that the number of needy
people are higher than stated in the DPPC appeal. However, realising that
all relief and rehabilitation programs in Ethiopia are implemented in
close co-operation with the central DPPC it is compulsory to base relief
proposals on the figures from the central DPPC appeal. During the time of
implementation it is however possible, through a dialogue both with the
local woreda officials and the central DPPC, to adjust the program
activities if information is received that the local conditions have
changed as compared to the condition described in the DPPC appeal. Through
the local church offices, JRP will be informed about changes and
developments in the local areas, and then share this information with
Ethiopian officials both at local and central level.
Current security situation
There have been no reports of insecurity in the areas, besides the food
insecurity, which the direct beneficiaries of this rehabilitation program
are constantly facing.
GOAL & OBJECTIVES
The overall objective of the program is to contribute to the alleviation
of food insecurity in the JRP areas of operation through construction of
social infrastructure, capacity building, and rehabilitation activities.
This project has the following short-term or immediate objectives, which
have been identified from the problem tree in, annex 4:
To create immediate access to food.
To reduce further depletion of assets and restore livelihoods.
To improve the nutritional status of the malnourished beneficiaries.
To reduce permanent migration of active labour force.
To increase land production.
To improve the service giving capacity of line agencies, implementing
organisation and the community through training
To rehabilitate the natural resources through EGS programs
To create access to social infrastructure through EGS programs
To improve the production capacity of the community through provision of
farm inputs (seeds and farm tools)
The capacity building objectives are multifaceted and targeted at woreda
officials (especially woreda office of Agriculture and Health), at the
communities (especially PA leaders) and finally at the capacity of the
local implementing churches.
The national Food Security Unit of MEDAC has formulated a National
five-year Food Security Program 1998-2002, in line with the National Food
Security Strategy, to address the prevalent food insecurity problems in
chronically food insecure and vulnerable disaster prone parts of the
country. Specifically, the food security program is designed to address
the entitlement component of the food security strategy focusing on
repeatedly drought affected, chronic food deficit Woredas of the country.
According to the country Technical Document the activities included in the
five-year food security program will improve the supply of food, increase
land productivity, create alternative income generation means, improve the
social infrastructures of the community, etc. From this, one can say that
the project activity and objectives are directly consistent with the
national food security program.
TARGETED BENEFICIARIES
Generally, the beneficiaries of the intervention are of two types (direct
beneficiaries and indirect beneficiaries).
The direct beneficiaries are vulnerable farmers who live in 9 Woredas of
Amhara, Oromiya and Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Regional
States of Ethiopia. These include the following:
Families who have faced complete crop failure
Families who have lost their livestock
Families who have lost and/ or sold their fixed assets due to drought
Families who had little or no food production during the last or previous
seasons
The old, disabled and poor women headed households
The poor farmers engaged in agricultural activity.
The direct benefits will be of two types: EGS beneficiaries and gratuitous
beneficiaries. The total able-bodied and gratuitous relief beneficiaries
of the program are estimated to be 281,125 on average per month, of which
80% are EGS beneficiaries2 According to the Federal DPPC EGS
implementation guideline * 80% of the resource should be allocated for
Employment Generation Schemes (EGS) and the rest 20% used for gratuitous
beneficiaries. Gratuitous people who are not physical capable to
participate in EGS activities, including children, disabled bodied,
elderly, pregnant women and lactating mothers.
2. For rehabilitation activities, the direct beneficiaries will be poor
farmers engaged in crop producing areas that have the capacity to increase
their production with minimum help (provision of farm inputs). On the
other hand, selected farmers, implementing agencies and the line
departments will also be directly benefiting from the training and the
field equipment supplied.
The planned EGS activities, which are going to be undertaken in the
proposed areas, are planned with the full involvement of the community,
woreda agricultural development department, zonal DPPC and the local
implementing churches. The planning and implementation of the EGS is
designed so that the immediate relief activities are linked with
rehabilitation and improvement of the environment, local capacity and
infrastructure. The experiences from previous rehabilitation operations
and the EGS activities, linked with last years operation where the
able-bodied in all PA's were involved in the formulation of activities, is
that it created an environment for further proceedings of such integrated
relief and development endeavours.
The communities in all Woredas are fully involved in the planning and
designing of the EGS activities through their local administrative body
and agricultural development departments. The final document of this plan
is called the woreda EGS plan. Eventually, technical staff of the local
implementing churches will assess the effectiveness of the woreda EGS plan
in relation to the intervention areas of the proposed program.
Targeting of beneficiaries is a mixture of administrative and community
targeting. That is, the woreda officials work together with the community
through PAs and other community groups to determine the beneficiaries of
the intervention.
The indirect beneficiaries of the relief intervention are potential
vulnerable groups who will benefit from the increased availability of food
items in the market, from constructed and maintained infrastructures, the
rehabilitated natural environment and service from the trained farmers and
implementing partners. These are people who live in the aforementioned 9
Woredas and their neighbouring Woredas.
PROPOSED EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE & IMPLEMENTATION
Description of the assistance
The required assistance can generally be divided in two types: food and
non-food items. The food items include grain, vegetable oil and
supplementary food and as mentioned above, the appeal for this is for all
the JRP operational areas. The non-food items include seeds, farm tools,
hand tools, training materials, health services and field equipment and
are proposed only through the ACT network.
Food items request
In this appeal the total assorted food requested is 11,170 Mt. for 9
Woredas covering the period beginning in July 2001. The distribution will
begin in July and continue up to November 2001 for some areas, depending
on the DPPC appeal, which identify the number of needy people and the
duration of food assistance. From the total assorted food 9,952 Mt is
grain, 375 is Vegetable oil and 843 Mt is supplementary food for selected
Woredas. See the detail from annex 5, table 2.
It should be mentioned that the JRP will distribute food in the period
beginning from February to end June 2001 with food secured from the EU
carry over stock from the year 2000 pledge and the USAID year 2001
donation. This food is being distributed as depicted in annex 5 table 1
and have therefore not been included in the total requirement for this JRP
appeal.
Non-food items request to ACT network
Based on the average calculation of prices it is estimated that the
non-food items cost a total of USD 782,102, of which USD 420,000 is for
the purchase of seeds, USD 197,120 for farm tools, USD 22,982 for EGS hand
tools, USD 15,000 for essential medicines and USD 27,000 for water supply
activities. See the details from Table 2 below.
Table 2: non-food items request for JRP operational areas
Region
Zone
Woreda
Seed
(MT)
Farm tools
(PCS)
EGS tools
(SET)3 See the composition of a set of EGS hand tools from annex 1.
3
Human Medicines
(USD)
Amhara
North Wollo
Gubalafto
125
10,000
0
0
Wag Himra
Dehana
250
10,000
0
0
Sub-total
375
20,000
0
0
North Gonder
Debark
108
5875
16
0
Wogera
144
7834
111
0
Sub-total
252
13709
127
0
South Gonder
Kemkem
48
2611
8
0
Sub-total
48
2611
8
0
Oromiya
Bale
Raytu
125
10,000
0
10,000
Borena
H/Mariam
250
10,000
0
5,000
Sub-total
375
20,000
0
15,000
Grand total
1050
56,320
135
15,000
The distribution of seed will be on an average of 25 kg per household. The
farm tools will be distributed so that each household receives two pieces
each. The EGS tools will be kept by the implementing partner, and
distributed when carrying out EGS activities.
Summary of Non-food items request from ECC already submitted to the
Caritas network
Five diocesan secretariats have prepared emergency response plans to
respond to the needs of 167,077 drought affected individuals in five
dioceses not included in this JRP appeal. Each diocese will implement it
own program in response to the specific needs of the affected population
in its area, and in the context of its own capacity:
In general the following activities are planned to be implemented for a
total requested amount of USD 2,3 Mill:
Distribution of 2,840 Mt of maize, 103 Mt vegetable oil, 145 Mt famix and
307 Mt of Haricot Beans.
Different inputs for the EGS activities e.g. tools, cement, water and
sanitation, gabions and human and livestock health will, together with
measures to improve the local capacity in targeting, co-ordination and
implementation, be provided.
Implementation Description per Activity
To achieve the identified project objectives, the JRP partners rely on an
approach that encourages the highest participation and co-operation of all
stakeholders. The good working relationship established through years of
co-operation with both the communities and government officials, assures
that the government policy support and co-operation will remain in place.
The Ethiopian Government favours a participatory approach with community
planning development perspectives. Following the recommendations from this
year's DPPC "Early Warning System Report" and the "Assistance requirement
for emergency relief and rehabilitation" of the year 2001: DDPC, has also
proposed relief operation focusing on measures taken to rehabilitate the
drought affected Woredas and on how to increase the future availability of
food. For a comprehensive outline of the relief operations, and the
institutions and organisations involved, please see enclosed presentation
in annex 1.
Identifying and realising the many interrelated causes and effects of food
insecurity, the JRP partners have decided to target the activities at
different levels of society.
For example:
To increase the land productivity, the JRP partners will closely
co-operate with officials from the woreda office of agriculture, and
community leaders prepare, implement and monitor activities such as the
construction of hillside terracing, silt traps, stone bund construction
and others.
To create access to food, the JRP partners will distribute the required
assorted foods to the beneficiaries, based on either a gratuitous basis or
as payment for the participation in the EGS activities. The JRP partners
also plan to construct and maintain roads in the area, to improve the
accessibility to the areas. This will be some of several EGS activities.
To reduce depletion of assets the JRP partners will meet with woreda
officials and community leaders in the woreda task force to discuss,
prepare, implement and monitor the many different environmental
activities. These include planting of seedlings, biological soil
conservation and garbage pit construction.
To improve nutritional status the JRP partners plan to distribute
supplementary foods to the vulnerable groups, especially elderly,
disabled, children and lactating mothers. Firstly, to measure the
nutritional status of the beneficiaries and secondly, to assess the impact
of the distributions, the JRP members will improve the capacity of the
implementing church units.
Along with this capacity building process the implementing church units
will co-operate with the woreda officials from the health department, to
prepare and implement CHT and TBA (Community Health Training and
Traditional Birth Attendance) seminars for 2 people from selected PA's,
carefully planned by the PA leaders.
By providing relief food, the operation can reduce the migration ensuring
that able bodied persons can prepare the farmland and work on it.
Closely integrated with the above-stated activities, the JRP partners will
carry out different capacity building activities. These activities target
different levels of society and address different issues. To improve the
capacity of the local implementing partner and selected woreda officials,
training in project management, including impact assessments, evaluation,
monitoring and needs assessments will be conducted. Training will also be
provided for PA leaders, EGS contact persons and Woreda line agencies in
soil and water conservation, and natural resource conservation.
The primary long-term objective of the JRP appeal is to help alleviate the
food insecurity situation in the target areas. To fulfil this objective
different rehabilitation activities are prepared between the local
implementing church organisations and the Woredas administration office.
The rehabilitation activities will cover environmental protection,
livestock recovery and development, human health including nutritional
training and agricultural rehabilitation measures. This is to link the
relief and rehabilitation activities with a sustainable livelihood
development.
The rehabilitation activities, such as EGS, environmental protection and
community training, depend on the full participation and co-operation of
the direct beneficiaries. Because these people also suffer from the
immediate food shortage and in some cases severe malnutrition, the planned
rehabilitation will be closely integrated with the distributions of relief
food. These distributions will improve the condition of the beneficiaries
so that they are able to participate and contribute to the long-term
development of both environment, health and food security.
Employment Generation Scheme (EGS) Program
The JRP partners plan a six-month EGS program to be implemented in their
relief operational areas. The EGS program aims to improve the basic social
infrastructures and rehabilitate the natural environment. At the same
time, the program serves as a springboard to promote sustainable
development. The program will also create employment opportunities for
drought-affected able-bodied people of the target areas. The following
are some of the basic EGS activities:
Construction and maintenance of access roads.
Construction of micro check-dams;
Soil and water conservation activities;
Construction of stone-faced trench-bund;
Construction of hillside terracing;
Construction of micro basins;
Construction of schools; and maintenance of school fences.
Provision of Agricultural Inputs
Basic agricultural inputs will be provided to selected beneficiaries of
the targeted Woredas. Participants will be selected in co-ordination with
local authorities and the communities. While JRP partners do not
typically support free distribution of food or other items, these
agricultural inputs will never the less be distributed on the basis of
free hand-outs for the most needy section of the beneficiaries based on
the set criteria. They will be distributed to farmers , free of charge,
who are engaged in agricultural activities and have the capacity to
increase their farm products with minimum support (through provision of
farm inputs). The provision of these agricultural inputs will assist
those households in rebuilding their livelihoods.
Emergency Food Distribution
This distribution will cover the entire emergency food need of the entire
targeted Woredas from July to November 2001 in accordance with the DPPC
2001 appeal. Each beneficiary will receive 15 kg of maize, 1.5kg of
supplementary food and 0.5 kg of oil per person/month. The supplementary
food will be distributed for malnourished section of the beneficiaries,
including lactating mothers, pregnant women, children under five years of
age and elderly persons. It is not requested for all Woredas as depicted
in Annex 5, table 2 -it is requested for those Woredas that have faced the
problem of malnutrition. 80% of the food will be allocated for EGS
beneficiaries- able bodied people who will participate in public works
described in section one of this chapter. The relief food distributions
will ensure and improve the condition of the beneficiaries so that they
can participate and contribute to the rehabilitation of their livelihood.
Health programme
>From the local implementing church units in Bale and Borena the JRP
received a request for support towards the improvement of the health
services in Raiytu and Ginir Woredas of Bale and Hagara Mariam woreda of
Borena. The JRP members have therefore agreed to include in this appeal,
the purchase and distribution of essential medicines.
These essential medicines will reach the needy beneficiaries through the
implementing church units health institutions, located in the operational
areas. The staff working in these health institutions have the knowledge
and experience of implementing and selecting the direct beneficiaries for
these essential medicines.
Water Supply programme
Under this sector the JRP partner (EECMY/LWF) plans to construct 12 hand
dug wells (3 for each Woreda), which will be used for human beings as well
as for animals. The Woredas are Gubalafto (North Wollo zone), Dehana (Wag
Himra zone), Raiytu (Bale zone) and Hagare Mariam (Borena zone).
The construction of the water supply measures will be closely integrated
with the EGS activities. For the technical and material requirements the
implementing church units will assist or hire technical experts. Along
with the material and technical input, training activities pertinent to
maintenance will also be conducted.
Capacity Building Programme
JRP partners intend to organise capacity building programs in the
following areas:
Assessments : nutritional surveys, needs assessments and environmental
evaluation.
Collection of basic data on crop status, food security situation/prospects
for human beings and livestock
Collection of meteorological/environmental data
Training in EGS preparation, implementation and monitoring for the local
communities, implementing partner and government line agencies.
Community health training and traditional birth attendance.
Other activities
JRP members are also responsible to co-ordinate, plan, implement, monitor,
and report the overall activities of the emergency and rehabilitation
program as explained in section 1-6 above.
More specifically, JRP members will carry out the following co-ordination
activities in their respective offices:
Receive and review implementing church units emergency plans
Present emergency plans to partners
Follow up/monitor implementation of emergency programs
Collect information from implementing church units; report on the
emergency situation and status of implementing church partners
Organise emergency co-ordinators' meetings to discuss emergency programs
and share experiences on implementation/situation assessment
The budget for all activities here presented can be found in the annexes
attached to this appeal document.
ADMINISTRATIONS, FINANCE, MONITORING & REPORTING
Administration
The JRP members have well-established structures at the local level.
Projects will be implemented in consultation with the community and the
local government line agencies.
The procurement and handling of the food commodities will be done in
accordance with the existing policies and guidelines. Accounts will be
maintained as per the established existing systems and will take into
consideration the additional requirements if any.
The implementing partners staff, together with the community
representatives and local government authorities, will take care of the
distribution of the commodities.
The JRP members will implement the project in collaboration with the
concerned line departments of the government at regional, zonal and woreda
level. The project seeks to work principally at PAs and woreda level with
the community and government. See also Annex 1 "The Operational
Organogram"
In the implementation process the JRP members relief department bears full
responsibility for the provision of the project inputs, along with the
self-monitoring and evaluation of the project performances. In general it
is responsible for the following aspects of the project:
Monitor the targeting of beneficiaries and EGS activities to see if it is
in accordance with the proposal and DPPC criteria
Monitor the distribution of the allocated food to the selected
beneficiaries
Technical supervision and advice regarding the implementation of EGS
activities
Final approval of food payments to the beneficiaries
Preparation and submission of progress reports to donor agency.
Woreda development committees including the agricultural development
department will be responsible for the followings:
Managing and monitoring the implementation of the EGS activities within
the woreda
Development of EGS implementation report
PAs development committees will be responsible for the following
Targeting beneficiaries using the agreed criteria
Mobilising and organising the beneficiaries for EGS activities
Monitoring of the progress of the EGS activities
Dealing with community level problems in connection with the emergency
project
Zonal disaster prevention and preparedness department will be responsible
for:
Supervision and monitoring of the EGS activities based on the activity
plan
Participating and supporting the impact evaluation.
Finance Management and Control
LWF and ECC are responsible for the funds obtained through the ACT and
Caritas networks respectively. Donations given directly and earmarked for
any of the local member churches will be the member church's
responsibility. The financial management and control include a close
monitoring of both income and expenditures. Audited reports will be
prepared and it is the responsibility of the consignee organisation to
make sure appropriate documentation and information regarding financial
matters is obtained from the local implementing church organisations.
Monitoring and Evaluation
JRP member churches will implement the project at Woreda level. LWF is
normally the consignee of implementation resources through the ACT network
and member churches are implementing agencies. Member churches are
responsible for implementing the relief activities at grass roots level,
which include provision of storage at site, protecting the food from
damage, distribution of the food in accordance with the agreement,
provision of monthly financial- and narrative reports, etc.
LWF is also responsible to prepare appeal documents and interim narrative
reports and final reports to donors (ACT) at the end of the project
implementation.
The JRP members, together with the local government organisation and the
community will establish two levels of monitoring. These are community
monitoring and implementing organisation monitoring. The community will
handle the community monitoring. The activities monitored will be
distribution of resources (Food and non-food items) and implementation of
activities according to the set plan of action. The other form of
monitoring is by the implementing JRP member. Each implementing JRP member
will have its own monitoring system on distribution of resources and
implementation of the planned activities. They will use three ways of
monitoring in consultation with the local government authorities. These
are monitoring through reporting, monitoring through field visits and
monitoring through meetings.
In the context of EGS, supervision is carried out through regular visits
and spot checks. Technical supervision will be done through JRP members
technical staff and the relevant Woreda line department staff. This level
of supervision will take place once a month. The JRP members at the end of
the program will evaluate the impact of the project on the life of the
community and natural environment in their respective operational areas.
Moreover, the contribution of the project for long-term food security will
also be examined and the lessons will be used for future appeal
formulation.
For the training and capacity building activities, each JRP member will,
in some cases, hire relevant professional trainers, and in other cases be
responsible for the exercises. Careful monitoring of the training and its
impact on the beneficiaries, both the direct and indirect, will also be
the responsibility of each one of the JRP members.
Reporting
Three types of reports will be prepared at different levels of
implementation. These are:
Monthly reports
The distribution teams will report to their head offices in Addis Ababa on
a monthly basis and the reports will include:
Daily commodity movement reports
Monthly commodity reports (the amount of food distributed and received
during the reporting period)
Stock position report
Number of beneficiaries assisted and those who participated in EGS and
other rehabilitation and relief activities
Summary of EGS and rehabilitation activities accomplished during the month
Information on market, rainfall, health and other situations
Interim narrative report
It includes the amount of allocated resources, number of beneficiaries,
method of implementation, current situation of the areas and
recommendation for the next step of implementation.
Final report
It will be prepared at the end of the project. The final report will be
prepared and submitted to Addis Ababa from implementation teams for
consolidation and onward submission to ACT/Caritas and other donors. It
includes the general situation of the targeted areas, all the activities
implemented, resource distributed, number of people who have received
assistance, implementation methodology and the impact of the project on
the lives of the community and the natural environment.
For the final report an impact assessment will focus on the impact of the
intervention on the nutritional status of the beneficiaries, livelihood of
the people, gender, natural environment and its contribution towards
sustainable development. An external consultant will carry out this
evaluation in collaboration with the implementing agencies. To document
the impact of this programme's intervention, a careful baseline study is
also required.
IMPLEMENTATION TIME TABLE
The activities started already in February in some areas and will be
completed at the end of November 2001. The EGS activities will be
implemented on continuous basis within each of the PAs in the targeted
Woredas from July to November 2001. But the rehabilitation activities will
be realised as early as possible, especially the provision of agricultural
inputs.
For more clarification on time frame work and to show the critical
activities we preferred to use the flow chart (Critical Path Analysis) as
depicted below.
Table used for formulation of CPA
No
Activity
Symbol& time
No
Activity
Symbol & time
No
Activity
Symbol
1
Need assessment
A
January
By DPPC
6
Commitment with the local government agencies and detail implementation
plan and Selection of beneficiaries based on the approved resource
F
June 2001
11
Training for farmers, synods and government line agencies in EGS planning.
K
June
2
Appeal formulation for the needy people
B
March 2001
7
Procurement procedure to purchase resources
G
June 2001
12
Distribution of
Agricultural inputs
L
July - August
3
Appeal submission to donors (ACT/Caritas)
C
March 2001
8
Purchase of implementing resource if it is from local market
H
June/July 2001
13
Impact assessment and annual report preparation
N
November-December
4
Proposal approval by donors
D
April 2001
9
EGS implementation
CHT and TBA training.
I
July-Nov.
5
Conduction of baseline study
E
May 2001
10
Transportation resources
J
Starts July
A
S
T
A
R
T
I
F
E
D
B
N
K
J
G
H
C
L
To carry out the above described activities it is critical that all
stakeholders should participate actively.
CO-ORDINATION
At all levels, the program will be co-ordinated with the DPPC and the
responsible local authorities. Co-ordination will also take place with UN
and other similar service rendering organisations be it governmental or
non-governmental. As the JRP is a consortium, it has an in-built
co-ordinating mechanism with its own co-ordination office and human
resources. Both JRP and ACT members hold joint consultations regularly
through the JRP Forum.
At Woreda level, the JRP members' sub-offices co-ordinate the overall
activities of the relief and rehabilitation project in collaboration with
the local government authorities and community representatives. The
project seeks to work principally at PAs and woreda level with the
community and government. See also Annex 1 "The Organogram of Operation"
BUDGET
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE FOR: CATHOLIC RELIEF SERVICES (CRS) / ETHIOPIAN
EVANGELICAL CHURCH (EECMY) / ETHIOPIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (EOC)
ACT/JRP
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Units US$ US$
DIRECT ASSISTANCE
Food Items
Grain MT 10,764 220 2,368,080
Vegetable oil MT 360 1,100 396,000
Supplementary food MT 796 520 413,920
Sub Total 3,178,000
TRANSPORT, STORAGE, WAREHOUSING AND HANDLING
Port charges MT 11,920 13 154,960
Survey charges MT 11,920 2 23,840
Transport to Addis Ababa (see note below) MT 11,920 74 882,080
Secondary transport MT 11,920 50 596,000
Primary warehouse charges MT 11,920 1 11,920
Secondary warehouse charges MT 11,920 1 11,920
Unloading primary warehouses MT 11,920 2 23,840
Unloading secondary warehouses MT 11,920 2 23,840
Sub Total 1,728,400
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE CRS 4,906,400
Note: in case of local purchases, transport costs will only be USD 56/MT
ETHIOPIAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH MEKANE YESUS (EECMY) & LUTHERAN WORLD
FEDERATION (LWF/DWS)
NON-FOOD ITEMS
Seeds MT 750 424 318,000
Hand tools Piece 40,000 2 97,200
Purchase of essential medicines Lumpsum 15,000
Material for hand-dug wells Well 12 2,250 27,000
Transport of materials MT 930 75 69,750
Sub Total 526,950
CAPACITY BUILDING
Training fees 80 farmers (400 Birr per day) Day 10 50 500
Perdiem for 80 farmers (40 Birr per day) Day 10 5 4,000
Training fees 20 synod staff in training institutes Day 15 40 12,000
(200 Birr /person/day)
Per diem 20 synod staff trainees
(40 Birr/person/day) Day 15 5 1,500
Training fees 30 line department trainees
in training institutes (200 Birr/person/day) Day 15 40 18,000
Per diem 30 line department trainees
(60 Birr/person/day) Day 15 8 3,600
Sub Total 39,600
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE EECMY 566,550
LUTHERAN WORLD FEDERATION - ADDIS ABABA HQ
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT
Staff Salaries and Support
Director (25% of salary) Month 12 2,500 30,000
Finance director (40% of salary) Month 12 3,000 36,000
Relief coordinator Month 12 611 7,330
Assistant relief coordinator Month 12 466 5,587
Logistics coordinator Month 12 494 5,933
Logistics Assistants (2 persons) Month 12 320 7,690
Field supervisors (3 persons) Month 12 335 12,053
Secretaries (3 persons) Month 12 262 9,418
Drivers (5 persons) Month 12 175 10,512
Accountant Month 12 450 5,400
Staff Travel
Hotels & per diem 5 persons (10 days/month) Person 5 1,584 7,920
Air tickets Trip 15 80 1,200
Office Operations
Communications (e-mail, tel & postage) Month 12 414 4,968
Office supplies Month 12 833 10,000
Office rent (40% of monthly rent) Month 12 730 8,760
Vehicle Operations
Rental 5 field vehicles (5 Birr per Km x 2000
Km per month x 12 months) Month 12 1,250 75,000
Sub Total 237,770
AUDIT FEES Lumpsum 3,000
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE LWF ADISS ABABA HQ 240,770
ETHIOPIAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH MEKANE YESUS (EECMY) - ADISS ABABA HQ
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT
Staff Salaries and Support
Coordinator Month 12 378 4,536
Assistant coordinator Month 12 324 3,888
Field officer Month 12 300 3,600
Secretary Month 12 222 2,664
Store keeper Month 12 96 1,152
Truck driver Month 12 150 1,800
Office Operations
Communications (e-mail, tel & postage) Month 12 104 1,248
Office supplies Month 12 105 1,260
Vehicle Operation
Rental of 2 field vehicles
(5 Birr per Km x 2000 Km month x 12 mths) Month 12 1,250 30,000
Internal mileage 2 cars - 600 Km per mth in A.A 5 birr/km 12 375 9,000
Staff Travel
Hotel and perdiem for 15 days per month Month 12 130 1,560
Sub Total 60,708
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Units US$ US$
CAPITAL EQUIPMENT
Office equipment (Audio Video) Set 2 1,875
Office furniture Set 2 1,250
Sub Total 3,125
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE EECMY ADDIS ABABA HQ 63,833
ETHIOPIAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH MEKANE YESUS (EECMY) - SYNOD LEVEL
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT
Staff Salaries and Support (20% of salaries)
Relief coordinators (7 persons) Month 9 240 15,120
EGS supervisors (7 persons) Month 9 150 9,450
EGS assistants (7 persons) Month 9 120 7,560
Secretaries (7 persons) Month 9 120 7,560
Drivers (7 persons) Month 9 96 6,048
Acountants (7 persons) Month 9 120 7,560
Distribution centres staff costs
Wag Hamra (3 teams) Month 9 630 17,010
North Wollo (9 teams) Month 9 630 51,030
Bale (2 teams) Month 9 630 11,340
Borena (4 teams) Month 9 630 22,680
SNNPR (7 teams) Month 9 630 39,690
Rental 2 cars from synods (600 Km per month
x 5 Birr per Km) Month 9 375 6,750
Office Operation
Communications, stationary & utilities 7 offices Month 9 1,400 12,600
Other
Maintenance of rub halls & distrib center stores Lumpsum 15,000
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE EECMY SYNOD LEVEL 229,398
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE LWF AND EECMY 1,100,551
ETHIOPIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH
NON-FOOD ITEMS
Seeds MT 300 375 112,500
Tools Piece 16,320 5 81,600
EGS hand tools Set 135 481 64,935
Transport of materials MT 400 75 30,000
Sub Total 289,035
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Units US$ US$
PERSONNEL, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT
Staff Salaries and Support
General staff (4 persons) Month 12 300 14,400
Office Operation
Communications (e-mail, tel & postage) Month 12 157 1,884
Office supplies Month 12 156 1,872
Distribution centres staff costs
North Gonder (2 teams) Month 5 630 3,150
South Gonder (2 teams) Month 5 630 3,150
Vehicle Operation
Rental 1 vehicle (5 Birr per Km x 2000 Km
per month x 12 months) Month 12 1,250 15,000
Staff Travel
Hotel and per diem (15 days per month) Month 12 130 1,560
Sub Total 41,016
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE EOC 330,051
OTHER
Costs for survey and impact assessment Lumpsum 40,000
LWF/EECMY share towards JRP office costs Lumpsum 7,000
EOC share towards JRP office costs Lumpsum 3,500
TOTAL OTHER 50,500
GRAND TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 6,387,502
BALANCE REQUESTED FROM ACT NETWORK 6,387,502
Abbreviations
ACT Action By Churches Together
Belg Short rainy season
BFW Bread for the World
CA Christian Aid
CHT Community Health training
CPA Critical Path Analysis
CRS Catholic Relief Services
DAP Development Activity Proposal
DCA DanChurchAid
DIA ACT Netherlands ( Dutch Interchurch Aid)
DPPB Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Bureau
DPPC Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Committee
ECC Ethiopian Catholic Church
EECMY Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus
EFSRA Ethiopian Food Security Reserve Administration
EGS Employment Generation Scheme
EMOB Emergency Operation
EOC Ethiopian Orthodox Church
EWS Early Warning System
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
JRP Joint Relief Partnership
LWF DWS Lutheran World Service, Department for World Service
MEDAC Ministry of Economic Development and Cooperation
Meher Long rainy season
NCA Norwegian Church Aid
PA Peasant Association
SNNPR Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region
SCF/UK Save the Children/United Kingdom
TBA Traditional Birth Attendance
UN/WFP United Nation World Food Program
USAID United States Aid
Annex 1
ORGANOGRAM OF JRP RELIEF OPERATION 2001
JRP: EOC, ECC, EECMY, LWF and CRS
JRP forum: EOC, ECC, EECMY, LWF, CRS and ACT members in Addis
National Level:
Implementing partners Government of Ethiopia agencies
JRP: EOC, ECC, EECMY.
DPPC
Regional Level
LWF and ECC
Consignees of resources
Regional DPPB
Zonal DPPC
Zonal Level
Woredas Task Force
Coordination and selection of EGS activities
Woredas Level
JRP church members
Woredas Office of Education, Agriculture and Health
Woredas Administration
Incl. Water and infrastructure
PA leader in the Woreda. Coordination of beneficiaries for Gratuitous Food
and EGS participants
Community Level
Ketena elders/leaders
Selection of Beneficiaries
Beneficiary Level
DIRECT BENEFICIARIES
Annex 2.
The set of EGS hand tools composition
No
Type of hand tools
Quantity
Price in Birr
Unit price
Total price
1
Pick axe
6
25
150
2
Shovel
6
25
150
3
Spade
4
25
100
4
Gesso
3
25
75
5
Crow bar
1
100
100
6
Machete
3
20
60
7
Axe
2
20
40
8
Sledge hammer
1
50
50
9
Wheel barrow
1
400
400
10
Measuring tape
1
120
120
11
Bucket/watering can
1
50
50
12
Line level
1
100
100
13
Range
2
15
30
14
String
1
5
5
TOTAL
1430
Annex 4
Problem Tree for JRP relief and rehabilitation operation 2001
Livestock sold or lost
Lack of labor in area
Health problems
Land-slides
Decreased soil fertility
Urban problems
Mal-nutrition
Natural disaster
Soil erosion
Health problems
Death
Migration
School drop-outs
Starvation
Depletion of assets
Negative effect on national GNP
No irrigation schemes
Lack of water and Erratic or no rain
Poor farming practices
Deforestation
Soil Erosion
Environamental degradation
Poor land Production
Water supply
Lack of skilled manpower in GoE offices
Lack of Research
Structual Deficits
Roads & paths
Educa-tion
Health
Poor Infrastructure
FOOD INSECURITY
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response. The ACT Coordinating Office is based with the World Council of
Churches (WCC) and the Lutheran World Federation (LWF) in Switzerland.
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