Ethiopia - ACT: 03-Jul-02
Action by Churches Together (ACT)
Appeal - Ethiopia
Rehabilitation for Drought Victims AFET-21
Appeal Target: US$ 1,284,016
Balance Requested from ACT Network: US$ 814,637
Geneva, 3 July 2002
Ethiopia continues to face significant food shortage problems due to poor
rainfall. Although the Federal DPPC 2002 appeal reports that Ethiopia is
in a better situation this year compared to last year, there are still
more than about 5.2 million people looking for immediate assistance. The
food required for the above mentioned needy population is 557,204 MT of
assorted food
This proposal contains the request from the ACT/JRP members: Ethiopian
Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus/Lutheran World Federation (EECMY/LWF) to
the ACT network. The JRP is a consortium of three local churches:
Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC), Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus
(EECMY) and Ethiopian Catholic Church (ECC) along with two international
church-related organisations - Catholic Relief Service (CRS), Ethiopia and
the Lutheran World Federation/ Department for World Service (LWF/DWS).
The JRP has a long time experience implementing relief and rehabilitation
activities in the highly chronic food insecure areas of Ethiopia.
The areas targeted in this appeal, have over the last 10 years suffered
climate changes that have resulted in insufficient and erratic rainfall.
In the five districts where ACT members Ethiopian Evangelical Church
Mekane Yesus/Lutheran World Federation (EECMY/LWF) intends to operate, the
number of drought affected people who need relief food assistance up to
July are 171,800. Because the targeted areas fall into to the category of
chronic food insecure areas, it is expected that more or less the same
number of people will also be considered for relief distributions in the
last six months of 2002. This appeal puts emphasis on the rehabilitation
activities, however, EECMY/LWF will be involved in relief distributions of
food provided by other donors such as the EU. The appeal includes some
administrative expenses for these activities that are not covered by the
donors.
This proposal comprises the following areas of assistance
Food security - provision of seeds & hand tools and restocking of animals
Water safety
Medical inputs
Training
HIV/AIDS workshops
Distribution of Food (provided by the EU)
Project Completion Date: 30 April 2003
Summary of Appeal Targets, Pledges/Contributions Received and Balance
Requested
US$
Total Appeal Target(s) 1,284,016
Less: Pledges/Contr. Recd. 469,379
Balance Requested from ACT Network 814,637
Ms. Genevieve Jacques Thor-Arne Prois Robert Granke
Director Director, ACT Director
WCC/Cluster on Relations LWF/World Service
REQUESTING ACT MEMBER INFORMATION
ACT members in the Joint Relief Operation (JRP) Forum in Ethiopia
The ACT members LWF/EECMY are requesting assistance to address the problem
of chronic food insecurity in nine districts of Ethiopia.
EECMY/LWF together with EOC, EEC and CRS, form the Joint Relief
Partnership (JRP). The JRP Forum was formed in the second half of the
year 2000 to better co-ordinate the JRP emergency responses.
The JRP Forum comprises:
Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY)
Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC)
Lutheran World Federation / Department for World Service (LWF/DWS),
Ethiopia
Norwegian Church Aid (NCA), Ethiopia
Christian Aid (CA), Ethiopia
Canadian Food Grain Bank (CFGB)
Ethiopian Catholic Church (ECC)
Catholic Relief Services (CRS)
Dan Church Aid (DCA), Ethiopia and
Bread For the World (BFW)
It was agreed in the JRP forum that this appeal will be issued only to the
ACT network.
Two other JRP members, Catholic Relief Services and the Ethiopian Catholic
Church (CRS and ECC) are working through the Caritas Internationalis
Network. The ECC is currently preparing its plan for rehabilitation
activities to be submitted to the Caritas network.
Because of the nature of this proposal that requests financial support for
rehabilitation activities only, and not for food aid, the JRP partners
agreed to make this distinction between ACT and Caritas members. Though
the Ethiopian ACT and Caritas members are submitting two separate appeals
to their respective networks, the ecumenical partnership and sharing of
information which make the JRP unique will still continue in 2002.
IMPLEMENTING ACT MEMBER & PARTNER INFORMATION
The Joint Relief Partnership (JRP) is a consortium of three local
churches: Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC), Ethiopian Evangelical Church
Mekane Yesus (EECMY) and Ethiopian Catholic Church (ECC) and two church
related international organisations - Catholic Relief Service (CRS),
Ethiopia and the Lutheran World Federation/ Department for World Service
(LWF/DWS), Ethiopia. The JRP was established in November 1984 during the
peak of the famine and has since then continued with relief and
rehabilitation intervention in different areas of the country whenever
needed.
In creating the unique partnership, JRP members have succeeded in
providing value added services, which complement other Government and
international efforts to develop a long-term sustainable environment for
the people of Ethiopia. For more than 15 years, this close working
relationship and co-operation has ensured an immediate and carefully
planned response to developing emergencies. To ensure effective and
smooth co-ordination for implementation of relief and rehabilitation
programs, the JRP partners have demarcated the needy areas, according to
their local presence, capacity and existing infrastructures.
All the JRP members have long time experience in implementing relief
operations. They have developed the capacity to implement relief and
rehabilitation activities and created strong links with both the
communities and local government officials.
The ACT/JRP relief operation of the year 2000 was evaluated in June 2001
by an external team of consultants and many interesting observations and
recommendations came up from this evaluation. One of the major
recommendations from the evaluation was that the JRP members should change
their focus from purely relief oriented operations and food distributions
to more long term rehabilitation activities which address the structural
problems in the chronic food insecurity areas of Ethiopia1 For a detailed
description of the observations and recommendation, please refer to the
ACT/JRP Evaluation by John Bennet et al. June 2001.
1. To respond to this recommendation the appeal launched this year does
not include a request for food aid. This does however not mean that the
JRP members will not distribute food. Depending on donations from other
donors like USAID and EU, the JRP members will distribute food aid along
with the proposed rehabilitation activities. Realising that the needs for
food aid in the chronic food insecure areas are real, these needs should
also be addressed whenever the JRP members have access to food aid. To
administer the food distribution, administrative structures need to be in
place. A great effort has been made to keep these structures to a minimum.
It is however important to note that there is a general trend in the
country whereby the larger donors are giving most of their support
bilaterally to Government institutions. JRP therefore assumes that the
food aid needed in the chronic food insecure areas included in this
proposal will be covered by other organisations like WFP or Government
affiliated organisations. In the case the JRP members find out that the
food aid needs are not being addressed by other organisations and that the
nutritional status of the communities is consequently deteriorating, it is
possible that the JRP will launch an additional ACT Appeal requesting for
food aid in the targeted districts.
Because of the nature of the problems and needs in the chronic food
insecure districts of Ethiopia, the evaluation report also recommended
that the JRP members continue their rehabilitation activities to ensure
and improve the impact of the operations. Therefore it is important to
note that even though this appeal is to be implemented in 2002, the JRP
members expect to continue their interventions in the targeted districts
for a longer period, depending on the local needs, impact of the operation
and donor support.
Following the external evaluation of the relief and rehabilitation
operation in year 2000, the JRP members decided to have an internal
evaluation, which also came up with recommendations geared at JRP scale
and scope for a future strategy. Subsequently the JRP executives decided
to broaden its mandate from purely relief operations to also include
co-ordination and possible joint activities on rehabilitation, HIV/AIDS
and Peace & Reconciliation. The new JRP co-ordinator has been assigned and
one of her first assignments is to prepare and implement the
recommendations from both evaluations in partnership with the JRP members
and to undertake a strategic planning process, which will redefine the
purpose and mandate of JRP. A TOR for the strategic planning process will
be worked out in May 2002 with input and recommendations from al the ACT
members in Ethiopia.
Description of ACT Members' Implementing partners
EECMY South East Area Work (SEAW) will implement the operations in the
three districts in Bale Zone. EECMY North Central Ethiopia Synod (NCES)
will implement the operations in two districts, one in Wag Hamra and one
in South Wollo zones. Both church units have for several years been
implementing relief, rehabilitation and development projects and
programmes. During previous ACT appeals, e.g. in 2000 and 2001 both church
units implemented the relief and rehabilitation activities. For a clear
and comprehensive presentation of the church units relationship with the
JRP members please refer to the organigram in annex.
LWF will have the overall responsibility for the EECMY/LWF part of the
operations. LWF will furthermore be responsible for the purchase and
transportation of the proposed technical input and for monitoring of the
programme activities. LWF is also responsible for the co-ordination of the
activities with the government of Ethiopia at federal level to ensure that
duplication does not take place.
DESCRIPTION of the EMERGENCY SITUATION
Background Information
Food production in Ethiopia is highly dependent on rain fed agriculture.
The two main rainy seasons- the short (belg) rain and the main (meher)
rains are very important for crop production and animal production. 85%
of the population is engaged in the agricultural sector and agriculture
contributes significantly to the national economy and is the main source
of foreign currency.
The year 2001 crop harvest was generally improved due to better rain fall
(short rain for the belg dependent areas and better (meher) main rains,
though late, low and erratic in distribution during the belg rainy season,
when the long cycle crops are usually planted. Consequently, there were
and still are substantial declines in animal herd size due to widespread
death coupled with distress sales to cope with food shortage, disease and
lack of fodder.
Due to the above-mentioned improvement the Federal Disaster Preparedness
and Prevention Commission (DPPC) appeal of 2001 appealed for 6.2 million
affected people. These needy people were categorised as shown below.
565,600 people need assistance due to the failure of last year's Belg
harvest
1,566,800 people due to last year's drought in the pastoral areas, and
4,109,900 people as a result of the failure of the Meher season.
As estimated in the Federal DPPC appeal, the food assistance requirement
for 2001 was 639,201 Mt of assorted food, of which 545,349 MT was grain,
54,539 MT was vegetable oil and 39,313 MT was supplementary food
respectively. The supplementary food will be distributed for malnourished
sections of the targeted community including lactating mothers, pregnant
women, elderly persons and children under five.
To combat these problems the JRP member organizations and Local ACT
members have contributed their shares in their respective areas of
operations with resources obtained through ACT and donors such as USAID
and the EU.
Current situation
According to the Federal DPPC 2002 appeal, the country is in better
condition this year compared to last year, but still more than about 5.2
million people are looking for immediate assistance. Apart from these,
more than 1.9 million people need close monitoring and supervision The
fate of these people (who are under close monitoring) depends on the
performance of belg rains in the belg dependent areas for farmers who sow
in Feb/ March and harvest in July. This is also true for the pastoralists
for the growth of pasture and water harvesting. The JRP members will of
course follow the development very closely, and respond if the situation
further deteriorates. The food required for the above mentioned needy
population is 557,204 MT of assorted food
This year, there is one important difference compared with the previous
annual appeals from the DPPC, in the sense that DPPC for the first time
has made some effort to separate what is called the chronic food insecure
beneficiaries from the transitory or emergency affected beneficiaries.
The report also states that although chronic food insecurity is a
development problem, related to poverty and a loss of assets that prevents
households from getting back on the ladder of productivity, needs of the
chronically food insecure are real. Therefore, the long-term development
and poverty alleviation oriented projects and programmes in these areas
need to be combined with distributions of relief food.
The government will also in 2002, base its mode of operation on Employment
Generation Schemes (EGS) which means the beneficiaries have to participate
in different activities. However, the government has, in its appeal for
2002, stressed the point that if EGS are to meaningfully link relief
resources with development activities, then they should be restricted to
those areas where capacity in this regard exists. The government has
therefore pre-selected 64 food-insecure districts in the country for the
execution of effective EGS, and the government institutions will,
depending on the available resources from the donors, implement different
EGS activities which address the structural problems of food insecurity in
the 64 selected districts.
The JRP partners have, for several years, implemented relief and
rehabilitation activities in the highly chronic food insecure areas of
Ethiopia. This proposal seeks to address some of the structurally
problematic and food insecure areas by building up the capacity and assets
of the local people through provision of food, seeds, and farm hand tools
on EGS bases and animals as restocking programme.
Impact On Human Lives
The total number of drought-affected people in Ethiopia this year is as
mentioned above 5,181,700 people. In the five districts where EECMY/LWF
intends to operate, the number of drought affected people who need relief
food assistance up to July are 171.8002 The DPPC appeal, for some areas
only covers the period up to July. When a new assessment is scheduled, it
will indicate the needs for the period Aug-Dec.
2. Because the five targeted areas fall into to the category of chronic
food insecure areas, it is expected that more or less the same number of
people will also be considered for relief distributions in the last six
months of 2002. It is important to stress that in this appeal, EECMY/LWF
puts emphasis on the rehabilitation activities, which means that EECMY/LWF
will only be involved in relief distributions if other donors e.g. the EU
provides food aid.
Description of Damages
In the three districts located in the lowlands of Bale zone (Beltu, Sawena
and Raiytu), the rain pattern has in the last 10 years completely changed.
For the last seven years, the rain has been insufficient, minimal and at
best erratic. Due to this change in the weather, it has been impossible
for the farmers living in the area to prepare their farmland and predict
when to sow their seeds. Therefore, the assets they once possessed are now
completely depleted, and their livestock sold. The erratic rain has also
affected the availability of water in these lowland districts.
Access to water both for human and animal consumption is essential for the
communities which until recently lived a semi-nomadic life as
pastoralists.
The two districts in northern Ethiopia (Dehana and Washera project area)
are both predominately highland districts and have for several years
suffered from erosion, and a high population pressure. EECMY/LWF has been
implementing both relief and rehabilitation activities in both districts,
and because of the magnitude of the problems it is important to continue
the operations and follow up on the activities already implemented in year
2000 and 2001.
Location of Proposed Response
EECMY/LWF intend to operate in five districts in Ethiopia during the year
2002. Three of these (Beltu, Sawena and Raiytu) are located in the
lowlands of Bale Zone, Oromiya region, approximately 600 km south east of
Addis Ababa. The fourth district, Dehana, is located in Wag Hamra Zone,
Amhara region, approximately 700 km north of Addis Ababa and the fifth one
is Washera EECMY integrated rural development project area situated in two
districts (Tenta and Lagabo) located in South Wollo zone approximately 600
km north of Addis Ababa.
EECMY/LWF will operate in each district (except Washara) by distributing
relief food supplied by other donors. The Employment Generation Schemes,
which will be strengthened with the support provided through this ACT
appeal, will be co-ordinated with the local government line department and
cover as many people as possible. The total population in each of the five
districts ranges from approximately 50,000 to 75,000 people. Part of the
population which has not been identified for relief distribution in all
five districts are also vulnerable, and as Getachew found in his report
(2002), in Sawena and Beltu, much of the food distributed during last
year's operation was shared with many more people. Consequently, the
actual number of beneficiaries was much higher than the one indicated in
the DPPC Appeal.
EECMY/LWF is currently implementing a rural development project in Raiytu
district, which is adjacent to Sawena and Beltu. Besides a small local NGO
called the Rift Valley Organisation in Beltu, EECMY/LWF is the only NGO
operating in these three districts. The Ethiopian Government Disaster
Preparedness and Prevention Bureau (DPPB) and WFP have to some extent
covered the needs in these three districts, when EECMY/LWF did not have
enough resources. However, this has often been very erratic and often
insufficient (Getachew 2002).
Dehana has in the past years received more attention from other NGOs,
including an Integrated Rural Development Project by EOC, with support
from NCA, and a water development project implemented with funds from the
Italian organisation COOPI. In November 2001 DCA funded a Grey Zone Study
in six peasant associations (PA) in Dehana was evaluated .
In the year 2000 EECMY/LWF with the support from Church of Sweden Aid
implemented a rehabilitation project in Washera project area. Again in
2001 the marginalized and food insecure populations in Washera received
assistance from EECMY/LWF through the distribution of assorted vegetable
seeds, tools and livestock. The gratitude from the communities was
expressed in a letter sent to EECMY/LWF; however the needs are still there
and EECMY/LWF has therefore decided to include the assistance to these
communities in this appeal.
When finalising this year's operation, an evaluation will be conducted to
assess the impact of the continued support and to provide information for
future similar rehabilitation operations. Donor support is needed to carry
out this evaluation.
Disaster and Emergency Statistics
The DPPC 2002 appeal is the first attempt to make a distinction between
the transitory and chronic food insecure communities in Ethiopia. This is
also the first time that the appeal has been recognised and fully
supported by the UN organisations and the major donors. In previous years,
the UN organisations and especially FAO and WFP have conducted their own
assessment of the situation and provided an estimation of the number of
beneficiaries. This year a technical committee was established under DPPC
with representatives from the major stakeholders, including UN
organisations, EU, USAID and NGO representatives (from CARE Ethiopia and
SCF-UK).
The total number of needy people in Ethiopia in 2002 has therefore been
estimated to approx. 5 million.
The following table shows the number of needy people in the EECMY/LWF
proposed operation areas:
Zone
District
Number of Beneficiaries
Monthly need
EECMY/LWF
Wag Hamra
Dehana
54.800
685.00
South Wollo
Washera
33.900
423.75
Bale
Beltu
26.300
328.75
"
Sawena
28.500
356.25
"
Raiytu
28.300
353.75
-TOTAL
171.800
2,147.50
As concerns food distribution, the EECMY/LWF has already received a
confirmed pledge of 2,238 Mt of relief grain from EU to be distributed in
Sawena, Beltu and Raiytu in April and May 2002. According to the Federal
DPPC, other organisations will distribute food to the above mentioned
beneficiaries in Dehana and Washera districts.
For the remaining period to the end of the year, the situation is as
follows: in Dehana there will be a gap in August and September; in Sawena,
Beltu and Raiytu there is no planned distribution after June. EECMY/LWF
has approached the EU for an additional food allocation to cover these
needs. Should the EU or other donors be able to provide food to fill in
the gaps, a provisional USD 10,000 will be budgeted to cover the inland
transportation and handling costs.
Current Security Situation
The security situation in the five districts is calm and secure, and it is
not expected to deteriorate during the project period.
GOAL & OBJECTIVES
Goal: To contribute to the alleviation of food insecurity in the targeted
areas.
The Ethiopian Government in its Agricultural lead Development strategy
focuses on food security, but with more emphasis on the surplus producing
areas. The overall project goal of this appeal is therefore in compliance
with the government policy, even though the targeted areas are different.
Objectives
To create immediate access to food - the three districts in lowlands Bale
(Beltu Sewena and Rayitu) with a total population of 83,100 people are in
need of food starting from January 2002. The Federal DPPC has made a
one-month allocation, which was supposed to be distributed in the month of
March. One of the objectives of this programme is to create access to food
for needy beneficiaries, for a period of three months April /May/June. The
EU has already re-allocated 2238 MT of grain for distribution
To improve the capacity of line departments and community leaders in
service giving, by conducting different workshops on EGS, Health and
Sanitation, HIV/AIDS awareness, Marketing and the Sphere Project in order
to equip them with technical know how, to identify problems that face the
community.
To reduce further depletion of assets through the restocking programme
that aims at rehabilitating the most needy families, either with an ox or
a heifer or a goat or two (especially the female headed families). 300
families will benefit from this restocking program.
To increase access to water - lack of water for human and animal
consumption is the main problem of these lowland areas. There are two
rainy seasons - the first one is from March to May and the second one is
from mid- September to mid-November. The pattern is erratic and
undependable. On the other hand there are no rivers in these lowland
districts, therefore, in order to reduce these water problems four ponds
are to be constructed in Sawena and Beltu at strategic places where they
can be accessed by the most needy. Springs will be developed in order to
get drinking water, as well as hand-dug wells.
To improve the nutritional status of the malnourished population food
grain, seeds, farm tools and animals will be distributed to the most
affected.
TARGETED BENEFICIARIES
Number and type of targeted Beneficiaries
The EECMY/LWF rehabilitation operation will have three types of
beneficiaries:
The direct beneficiaries of the food aid to be supplied by donors outside
this ACT Appeal, are the people in the four areas (Sawena, Beltu, Rayitu
and Dahana). 137,900 people will be assisted up to 80%. Depending on
their physical and nutritional status, they will participate in the EGS
activities. Washara is not included in the food aid intervention and will
only focus on restocking.
In addition to these direct recipients of the food aid, approximately
16,000 marginalized farmers who have access to farmland will receive 25 kg
assorted seeds each. EECMY/LWF will furthermore distribute 16,000 pieces
of farm hand tools to the same number of people. Approximately 1,000 women
will receive either a goat or a sheep.
Besides these direct beneficiaries who will be involved in different EGS
activities to improve and develop community assets, it is estimated that
10-15,000 people in each district will benefit indirectly from the
constructions carried out through the EGS activities.
For the health post in Raiytu, which was constructed by the GRIRDP, this
appeal will provide medicines, as the government has not been able to
provide this. The provision of medicine will benefit all the surrounding
communities approximately 20,000 people.
Criteria utilized in beneficiary selection
The targeting is a mix of administrative and community targeting. For the
food aid the DPPC has, during the crop assessment in November/December
2001, identified a certain number of needy people in each district. This
number can be found in the DPPC appeal document, which was launched in
January 2002. The local district council receives the information from
officials in each sub-district and estimates the number of needy people in
each sub-district. This number is later on communicated to the local
official who then uses different local criteria to select each person
qualified for food aid, through a careful and open process, in which the
communities participate and approve the final list, which is then send
back to the district council3 It should be mentioned that there is a wide
spread practise among the targeted communities to share the food aid
distributed, even after each distribution, which means that the actual
number of beneficiaries increases, see also Getachew 2002 for a discussion
in this issues.
3. EECMY/LWF will usually participate in the targeting at the district
council level, where EECMY/LWF can contribute with valuable information
for the selection.
The targeting for the technical input like seeds and tools and for the
restocking, will be done following the same procedure. The participants to
the different capacity building activities e.g. workshops and seminars
will also be selected in close co-operation with the community leaders,
government officials from line departments and EECMY/LWF.
Number of targeted beneficiaries according to proposed assistance
EECMY/LWF operation:
Food Aid beneficiaries = 137,900 people (from Sawena, Beltu, Rayitu and
Dahana)
Seeds beneficiaries = 16,000 households ( 25 kg/HH in all the five areas)
Tools beneficiaries = 16,000 people (Sawena, beltu and Rayitu)
Ponds beneficiaries = 10,000 people (in Sawena and beltu)
Oxen beneficiaries = 300 Households (in all operational areas}
Sheep and Goat beneficiaries = 1,000 women (In Washara, Sawena, Beltu and
Dahana)
Workshop beneficiaries = 600 people ( In the three Districts of Bale
lowland)
Note: priority will be given to those who do not have oxen, in the
selection of beneficiaries for tools A portion of these tools will be kept
aside at PAs' offices for communal use for EGS activities.
PROPOSED EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE & IMPLEMENTATION
As mentioned earlier, this appeal focuses on the rehabilitation of the
communities in nine highly vulnerable and chronic food insecure districts
of Ethiopia. The proposed activities and required assistance are therefore
targeted at improving the capacity of the farmers and communities at large
to be able to cope with future stress situations like drought.
EECMY/LWF
400 Mt. of assorted drought resistant seeds e.g. short cycle crops like
Katumani Maize, Teff-37 variety and sorghum will be purchased and
distributed.
16,000 pieces of different EGS hand tools and farm tools will be purchased
and distributed, the former to improve the EGS accomplishments in the
districts and the latter to improve the land preparation of the farmers.
Construction of four big ponds
4 springs will be developed as well as 2 hand-dug wells for safe drinking
water.
4 EGS workshops will be conducted, in Sawena, Beltu, Rayitu and Dahana.
These workshops will be conducted early at the beginning of the operations
to ensure the planning and development of the EGS that EECMY/LWF will
further strengthen with a substantial technical and expertise input.
4 health/ sanitation and 4 HIV/AIDS workshops will be conducted in the
three districts in lowland Bale in co-operation with the rural development
project staff in Rayitu and the staff at the health clinic constructed by
this project.
2 SPHERE introduction workshops will be conducted in co-operation with
each of the two local EECMY synods involved in this appeal.
6 Husbandry and marketing workshops for women will be held to improve
their skills.
One feasibility study will be carried out in the three lowlands districts
of Bale zone. It will look into how to establish and link farmer
co-operatives in the food deficit areas with similar co-operatives in food
surplus areas. The recommendations from such a study can of course not yet
be known; however USD 10,000 proposed in the budget will allow response to
some of these recommendations and implement them.
Transport of seeds, tools, and materials , like cement, gabions etc, are
budgeted for. Besides the above assistance, EECMY/LWF will distribute
relief grain and supplementary food allocated from other donors. A
confirmed pledge of 2,238 Mt has already been secured for the EECMY/LWF
operation from the EU.
Implementation description per activity
The implementation strategy for all the non-food items, like seeds, tools
and livestock has been developed based on the experience gained from a
small pilot project which was implemented in 2000 and evaluated in 2001
(see Getachew November 2001). The objective of this pilot project was to
find ways to link relief with development, and come up with a strategy,
which is called the input-for-work approach. Through careful planning and
targeting, requiring time and human resources, the communities fully
participated in the final selection of beneficiaries for the input
provided like seeds and tools. Each item was given a value, based on the
local market price. Instead of providing the input free, the beneficiaries
had to work according to the value of the input they received. The
communities also decided which type of work should be conducted and if
necessary EECMY/LWF would provide the appropriate technical input e.g.
cement and gabion for ponds or human expertise like engineers if required.
Through this approach the beneficiaries benefited directly from the input
provided and the wider community from the constructions accomplished
through the input-for-work activities.
This implementation strategy requires storage of food and non-food items
in the working areas. LWF/EECMY have in each of the four proposed
districts rub halls and other storage facilities. Because of the harsh
conditions these rub halls need maintenance to prevent termites and
weevils eating the seeds or relief food. During the 2001 operation a rub
hall had to be borrowed from the EECMY Head Quarters to facilitate the
distribution in Raiytu. To build the capacity of the local church unit in
the area, it was agreed that a proper store be constructed with hollow
blocks and cement which can contain 500 MT of food, approximately 2 months
relief food allocation. In addition, the store could contain a small
office, which could be used both by the local church unit and by the LWF
Rural Development Program staff located in Ghinnir when they go to Raiytu.
This strategy will be followed when the non-food items have been purchased
and are ready for distribution. It will require a careful planning and
close co-operation both with community leaders and different government
line agencies. Because of the participatory approach the detailed plan of
each activity and accomplishment cannot be known until the level of
funding is known. An EGS supervisor and assistant will be assigned to
each district to prepare and implement the EGS plans in co-operation with
the districts officials.
EECMY/LWF will distribute food aid received from other donors in the
targeted districts - one to three distribution teams will be assigned to
each district. One distribution team consists of one distributor, one
registrar, two guards, and one storekeeper. Depending on the level of
support with food aid from other donors e.g. EU and USAID, the
distribution teams will be assigned for 5-7 months. USAID does not provide
funds to cover the cost of the relief distribution operations and EU only
covers to a limited extent the expenditure for distribution teams and
other logistical arrangement necessary for the operation. EECMY/LWF has
therefore in the proposed budget included funds to cover expenses for
distribution teams and other transport needs.
Goats and sheep will be distributed to women headed households who will
also receive training in animal husbandry and marketing skills. 5
Workshops are foreseen. The decision to target especially women for goats
and sheep has been taken because women usually do not have the same access
to farmland as men, therefore the majority of the beneficiaries of the
oxen will be male farmers. EECMY/LWF already in the year 2001 purchased
and distributed sheep and goats to selected female headed households in
Raiytu district, and the experience from this will be used for the
activities in 2002.
The medicines for the health post will be purchased in co-operation with
the health authorities in Rayitu. Because the Ethiopian Government
considers the district an emergency area, the medicines can be exempted
from duty. The distribution of the medicine will be done in close
co-operation with one missionary nurse working for EECMY SEAW and living
in the zonal capital town of Robe. Together with the government health
authorities, she will prepare and implement guidelines, which will make
certain that medicines are allocated as a revolving fund to ensure the
long-term sustainability.
Transition from Emergency
Following the recommendations from the ACT Evaluation June 2001, EECMY/LWF
has this year decided to focus its operations only on a few chronic food
insecure districts and to address the structural and long term problems of
food insecurity in those areas. All the proposed activities therefore seek
to fulfil the overall goal of alleviating food insecurity. In Dehana
district, the proposed activities will, as already indicated, follow the
recommendations and findings found in the evaluation report of the pilot
project and the activities in the three districts in the lowland of Bale
zone, will be implemented and co-ordinated with the already existing rural
development project.
ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, MONITORING & REPORTING
Administration
EECMY/LWF will have the full responsibility for the implementation
activities. The LWF Relief and Rehabilitation Co-ordinator will have the
overall responsibility of the implementation, the preparation of progress
reports for ACT. The LWF Relief and Rehabilitation Office will ensure
regular monitoring and be responsible for necessary adjustments in the
planned activities in case the funding level is lower than expected or if
other problems occur.
At the local level, the EECMY Church units EECMY/NCES and EECMY/SEAW
respectively will do the day-to-day implementation, monitoring and
participation in the targeting.
Though the operation on the ground is planned for 8 months, the budget
reflects a 12 months period for core staff at the EECMY and LWF head
offices, who are actually dealing with administration, reporting and
follow up of activities.
Finance
LWF will be responsible for any donation made to the EECMY/LWF operation.
Based on requests from the EECMY Church Units, LWF will transfer money to
their finance departments. The latter will in return present financial
statements to the LWF finance department every month with a clear
description of how the funds were utilised, supported by original
documents for all expenditures. These reports will be assessed and
checked against the proposed budget and achieved activities and finally
approved before further payments are made. When the project is finalised
LWF will prepare both narrative and final financial reports.
An external auditing firm (Bromhead & CO) will at the end of the operation
audit all accounts related to this ACT appeal.
Monitoring
Monitoring will be done at different levels. The LWF Relief and
Rehabilitation office will conduct regular monitoring through its field
supervisors. If deemed necessary, these field supervisors can stay in the
areas for longer periods to facilitate and ensure the proper
implementation of the project activities. The local EECMY Church Unit
Relief co-ordinator will also regularly visit the project sites and
prepare monthly progress and monitoring reports. The daily monitoring will
be done by the area co-ordinators and the EGS supervisors, they will
report to the local relief co-ordinator if they need additional technical
support or assistance.
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
The operation implementation on the ground is estimated to take 8 months,
and is supposed to start 1 May 2002.
Month
Description of activities
Resources needed
Financing
1
Transportation of relief food; preparation of distribution plans;
preparation of EGS plans, including conducting EGS familiarization
workshop; Transportation of technical input (tools, seeds and cement)
Food Grain. From EU.
Distribution teams in place. Technical experts for EGS planning.
EU donation of food aid including supplementary food. EU donation of
technical input. ACT network financial support for running of operation
including funds for additional EGS Inputs (Cement, gabion, dozer etc.) and
workshops.
2
Distribution of Grain and suppl. food; preparation of EGS plans, including
conducting EGS familiarization workshop; Sphere training workshops .
Transportation of technical input (tools, seeds and cement); EGS
activities to start; Implementation of input-for-work approach; Technical
assistance for EGS activities; Dozer to start excavation of ponds;
Monitoring of activities.
Grain and suppl. food.
Distribution teams in place. Technical experts for EGS implementation.
Dozer.
EU donation of food aid including supplementary food. EU donation of
technical input. ACT network financial support for running of operation
including funds for additional EGS Inputs (Cement, gabion, dozer etc.) and
workshops
3
Distribution of Grain and suppl. food; EGS activities; Implementation of
input-for-work approach; Technical assistance for EGS activities; Dozer to
start excavation of ponds; Monitoring of activities.
Grain and suppl. food.
Distribution teams in place. Technical experts for EGS implementation.
Dozer
EU donation of food aid including supplementary food. EU donation of
technical input. ACT network financial support for running of operation
including funds for additional EGS Inputs (Cement, gabion, dozer etc.) and
workshops
4
Distribution of Grain and suppl. food; EGS activities; Implementation of
input-for-work approach; Technical assistance for EGS activities; Dozer to
start excavation of ponds; Monitoring of activities.
Grain and suppl. food.
Distribution teams in place. Technical experts for EGS implementation.
Dozer
EU donation of food aid including supplementary food. EU donation of
technical input. ACT network financial support for running of operation
including funds for additional EGS Inputs (Cement, gabion, dozer etc.) and
workshops
5
Distribution of Grain and suppl. food; EGS activities; Implementation of
input-for-work approach; Technical assistance for EGS activities; Masonry
work on the big ponds; Monitoring of activities; Conducting nutritional
and sanitation workshops in the targeted areas.
Grain and suppl. food.
Distribution teams in place. Technical experts for EGS implementation.
Cement and gabion.
EU donation of food aid including supplementary food. EU donation of
technical input. ACT network financial support for running of operation
including funds for additional EGS Inputs (Cement, gabion, dozer etc.)
6
Distribution of Grain and suppl. food; EGS activities; Implementation of
input-for-work approach; Technical assistance for EGS activities; Masonry
work on the big ponds; Monitoring of activities; Conducting nutritional
and sanitation workshops in the targeted areas.
Grain and suppl. food.
Distribution teams in place. Technical experts for EGS implementation.
Cement and gabion
EU donation of food aid including supplementary food. EU donation of
technical input. ACT network financial support for running of operation
including funds for additional EGS Inputs (Cement, gabion, dozer etc.)
7
Continuation of EGS activities based on input-for-work. Spring development
and hand -dug wells.
Coordination and monitoring
ACT network financial support for running of operation including funds for
additional EGS Inputs (Cement, gabion, dozer etc.)
8
Continuation of EGS activities based on input-for-work.
Coordination and monitoring
ACT network financial support for running of operation including funds for
additional EGS Inputs (Cement, gabion, dozer etc.)
9
Finalisation including implementation and impact assessment report
Coordination and monitoring. Evaluation by external consultant.
ACT network financial support for running operation.
CO-ORDINATION
All relief, rehabilitation and development projects in Ethiopia need to be
co-ordinated and officially approved by the Disaster Preparedness and
Prevention Commission. EECMY/LWF has already received this approval for
the operation in the five districts. Once approved by DPPC and the funding
level is known, EECMY/LWF will contact the regional DPPB's for Amhara and
Oromiya region respectively. At zonal and district level the local EECMY
Church Unit will co-ordinate the activities, especially with regards to
the proposed capacity building workshops and seminars, where the zonal
authorities will be involved in the planning and implementation. As
mentioned above, the proposal relies largely on the full participation of
the beneficiaries, and the close co-operation with the community leaders
is of vital importance, and will be achieved through EECMY/LWF continued
presence in the five districts. The ACT Forum is also fully informed on
what each ACT member implements.
Beside the co-ordination between the JRP members, EECMY/LWF and the local
EECMY Church Units, the operation will also, because of the support from
EU, be co-ordinated with EU Local Food Security Unit in Addis Ababa. It
should furthermore be mentioned that EECMY/LWF participate in different
fora in Addis, where donors, UN organisations, NGOs and the government
meet to discuss issues related to relief, rehabilitation and development.
BUDGET
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Units US$ US$
FOOD AND NON FOOD INPUTS
Food Security
Seeds MT 400 430 172,000
Hand tools Piece 16,000 3 48,000
Livestock:
Oxen Number 300 60 18,000
Goats and sheep Number 1,000 10 10,000
Transportation
Transport of food and materials inputs MT 600 75 45,000
Provision for transport of food commodities
not covered with ITSH Lumpsum 10,000
Distribution Centres
Maintenance of rub halls & distrib centre stores Lumpsum 5,000
Construction of store at Raytu Store 1 25,000 25,000
Water Safety
Construction of big ponds Pond 4 20,000 80,000
Material for hand-dug wells Well 2 2,500 5,000
Creation of water springs Spring 4 2,000 8,000
Medical Inputs
Purchase of essential medicines Lumpsum 15,000
Sub Total 441,000
CAPACITY BUILDING
EGS familiarization workshops Workshop 4 4,000 16,000
Husbandry & marketing workshops for women Workshop 6 4,000 24,000
Health and sanitation workshops Workshop 8 4,000 32,000
SPHERE workshops Workshop 2 4,000 8,000
HIV/AIDS workshops Workshop 8 4,000 32,000
Sub Total 112,000
PROGRAMME STAFF
Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane-Yesus (EECMY) Synod Level
Rehabilitation coordinators (2 ) Month 6 240 2,880
EGS supervisors (4) Month 8 150 4,800
EGS assistants (4) Month 8 120 3,840
Agriculturist Month 3 250 750
Engineer Month 3 250 750
Socio-economist Month 3 250 750
Distribution Centres Staff Costs
Distributors (9 persons) Month 6 699 4,194
Registrars (7 persons) Month 6 593 3,558
Guards (16 persons) Month 10 565 5,647
Storekeepers (7 persons) Month 10 593 5,930
Total Expenses EECMY Synod Level 33,099
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Units US$ US$
EVALUATION & FEASIBILITY STUDIES
Evaluation of Washera rehabilitation operation Lumpsum 4,000
Feasibility study on grain cooperatives Lumpsum 6,000
Support to recommendation of feasibility study Lumpsum 10,000
Sub Total 20,000
TOTAL PROGRAM EXPENSES 606,099
PERSONNEL, ADMIN, OPS & SUPPORT LWF - ADDIS ABABA HQ
Staff Salaries and Benefits
Director (10% of base salary) Month 12 900 10,800
Finance coordinator (15% of base salary) Month 12 1,000 12,000
Relief coordinator Month 12 600 7,200
Logistics coordinator Month 12 500 6,000
Logistics assistant Month 12 320 3,845
Field supervisors (2 persons) Month 12 670 8,035
Secretary Month 12 262 3,144
Drivers (2 persons) Month 12 350 4,205
Accountant Month 12 450 5,400
Staff Travel
Accommodation & per diem for 5 persons
(10 days per month) Person 5 2,000 10,000
Air tickets Trip 5 300 1,500
Office Operation
Communications (e-mail, telephone and postage) Month 12 500 6,000
Office supplies Month 12 350 4,200
Office rent (40% of monthly rent) Month 12 730 8,760
Utilities Month 12 200 2,400
Vehicle Operation
Rental 3 field vehicles (1500 km /
mth X 5 ETB / km) Month 12 898 32,335
Contribution to JRP
LWF share towards JRP office costs Lumpsum 6,500
Total Expenditure LWF/DWS Addis Abeba 132,324
ETHIOPIAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH MEKANE YESUS (EECMY) - ADDIS ABABA HQ
Staff Salaries and Benefits
Coordinator Month 8 378 3,024
Field officer Month 8 300 2,400
Secretary Month 12 222 2,664
Truck driver Month 12 150 1,800
Office Operations
Communications (e-mail, telephone and postage) Month 12 104 1,248
Office supplies Month 12 105 1,260
Vehicle Operation
Internal mileage 1 car (600 Km per
month X 5 ETB / km) Month 12 359 4,311
Staff Travel
Accommodation & per diem 10 days per mth Month 12 90 1,080
Training w/shop EECMY relief & rehabstaff Workshop 1 1,000 1,000
Contribution to JRP
EECMY share towards JRP office costs Lumpsum 6,500
Sub Total Expenses EECMY Addis Abeba 25,287
Description Type of No of Unit Cost Budget
Unit Units US$ US$
Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane-Yesus (EECMY) Synod Level
Secretaries (2 persons) Month 8 120 1,920
Drivers (3 persons) Month 8 96 2,304
Accountant Month 8 120 960
Rental 4 cars from synods (2000 Km / month
x 5 ETB / Km) Month 6 4,790 28,743
Office Operations
Communications, stationery & utilities 2 offices Month 9 1,000 9,000
Sub Total Expenses EECMY Synod Level 42,927
TOTAL ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE EECMY-LWF/DWS 200,538
AUDIT & EVALUATION
Audit Fees Lumpsum 3,000
Costs for survey and impact assessment Lumpsum 5,000
Sub total Audit & Evaluation 8,000
TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 814,637
IN KIND DONATIONS FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION (forming part of response)
(not requested from the ACT Alliance)
Food contributions for Beltu, Sawena, Raiytu
and Dehana districts - Euro 275,274 Ton 2,238 258,895
Cash contribution towards costs
transporting food - Euro 201,420 189,436
Cash contribution towards costs of
Project Monitoring System (PMS) - Euro 22,380 21,048
TOTAL IN KIND DONATIONS 469,379
TOTAL APPEAL TARGET 1,284,016
BALANCE REQUESTED FROM ACT NETWORK 814,637
Abbreviations
ACT Action By Churches Together
Belg Short rainy season
CPA Critical Path Analysis
CRS Catholic Relief Services
DCA DanChurchAid
DPPB Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Bureau
DPPC Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission
ECC Ethiopian Catholic Church
EECMY Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus
EECMY/NCES Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus/North Central Ethiopia Synod
EECMY/SEAW Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus/South East Area Work
EFSRA Ethiopian Food Security Reserve Administration
EGS Employment Generation Scheme
EU European Union
EWS Early Warning System
JRP Joint Relief Partnership
GRIRDP Ghinnir/Raiytu Integrated Rural Development Project
LWF DWS Lutheran World Federation, Department for World Service
MEDAC Ministry of Economic Development and Cooperation
Meher Long rainy season
Mt Metric ton
NGO Non-Governmental Organisation
PA Peasant Association
WIRDP Washera Integrated Rural Development Project
Reference Material
Bennet, John et al.: Evaluation of the JRP/ACT Appeal AFETT01 - Famine
Relief, 2000, June 2001.
EECMY NCES: Dehana Rural Development Project - continuation for year 2002,
November 2001
FDRE (The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia), 1996, Food Security
Strategy, A document prepared for the consultation group meeting, Dec
10-12, 1996.
Gelalcha, Bodja: Mission report from field trip to four woredas in Bale
lowland, February 2002.
Getachew Olana: Dehana Rural Development Pilot Project - Terminal
Evaluation Report, November 2001
Getachew Olana: 2001 EC/LWF Relief Operation - Implementation and Impact
Assessment Report, February 2002.
Mechale, Simon: Opening Statement on the launching of 2002 DPPC Appeal.
January 2002.
LWF Ethiopia: Ghinnir/Raiytu Integrated Rural Development Project -
Project Impact Assessment Report, January 2002
WIBD Consult Impact Assessment of Washera Integrated Rural Development
Project, February 2002
Annex 1: ORGANIGRAM OF JRP AND EECMY/LWF REHABILITATION APPEAL 2002
National Level:
Implementing partners Government of Ethiopia agencies
JRP Forum: EOC, ECS, EECMY, LWF, Ethiopian church org. coordinate all
relief operations
DPPC
Regional DPPB
Regional Level
EECMY/LWF
Consignee and responsible for Relief Operations contract
Zonal DPPC and line departments
Zonal Level
Woredas Task Force -
Coordination and selection of EGS activities
Woredas Level
EECMY NCES or EECMY SEAW
Woredas Administration
Incl. Water and infrastructure
Woredas Office of Education, Agriculture and Health
PA leaders in the four woredas. Coordination of beneficiaries for
Gratuitous Food and EGS participants
Community Level
Ketena elders/leaders
Selection of Beneficiaries
Beneficiary Level
DIRECT BENEFICIARIES
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Action by Churches Together (ACT) is a worldwide alliance of churches and
their related agencies, meeting human need through co-ordinated emergency
response. The ACT Coordinating Office is based with the World Council of
Churches (WCC) and the Lutheran World Federation (LWF) in Switzerland.
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Ecumenical Centre Phone: ++41-22-791.60.33
150, route de Ferney Fax: ++41-22-791.65.06
P.O. Box 2100 E-Mail: act@wcc-coe.org
1211 Geneva 2 Telex: 415 730 OIK CH
Switzerland http://www.act-intl.org
distributed by
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web: www.cidi.org
listserv: www.cidi.org/listsub.htm
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