U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE
U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Iraq - Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance 
Fact Sheet #10, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003   April 11, 2003

Background

* Humanitarian conditions have deteriorated in Iraq since the 1990
invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent Government of Iraq (GOI)
manipulation of international sanctions. In 1996, the GOI accepted the
U.N. Oil-for-Food Program (OFF), after which humanitarian conditions
improved.

* Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million
in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) in
northern Iraq.

* Since 1996, revenues from OFF have provided food, medicine, and other
civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis. U.N. Secretary General Kofi
Annan noted in a letter to the U.N. Security Council (UNSC), that the GOI
has ordered and paid for food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies
under OFF that have not yet been delivered.

* The World Food Program (WFP) estimates that 16 million Iraqis -
approximately 60 percent of the total population - rely solely on food
rations distributed through OFF in order to meet household needs.

* On March 20, 2003, coalition forces began military operations in Iraq.
As a result of the conflict, the U.N. Secretary General suspended the OFF
food distribution system. On March 28, the UNSC unanimously passed
resolution 1472 that allows the U.N. to administer Iraq's OFF program for
45 days (until May 12). As the U.N. takes over the OFF program, WFP's
first priority is to contact recently active suppliers able to rapidly
provide food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies.



NUMBERS AT A GLANCE                     SOURCE
  Internally Displaced in Iraq 
   22,000 concentrated near Panjwin    UNOHCI (March 26, 2003)
  187,719 in Arbil*                    UNOHCI (April 10, 2003)
   48,665 in Dahuk*                    UNOHCI (April 10, 2003)
   29,439 in As Sulaymaniyah*          UNOHCI (April 10, 2003)

  Refugees from Iraq
  Old caseload refugees:
  203,000 - Iran
    5,100 - Saudi Arabia
  250,000-300,000 - Jordan
   40,000 - Syria
 
U.S. Committee for Refugees  (2001)

*Estimates from April 6 U.N Office for Project Services (UN OPS) survey of
internally displaced persons (IDPs) in public buildings, with host
families, and in open air.


Baghdad and Baghdad Governorate

* On April 10, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) reported that
widespread looting spread to UNICEF's offices in Baghdad. Phones, chairs,
other equipment were stolen.

* The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) reported on April 11
that people, who are sometimes armed, have ransacked and looted public
facilities such as hospitals and water-supply installations. Baghdad
hospitals have been closed due to damage from fighting, looting, or fear
of looting. ICRC appealed to Coalition forces and all other persons in
authority to step in and protect essential infrastructure from looting.

* International media sources reported on April 11 that armed looters
stole two ambulances and medicines from the Al-Kindi Hospital in Baghdad.
ICRC reported on April 10 that the hospital had been looted of beds,
electrical fittings, and medical equipment. Insecurity has restricted
ICRC's access to the hospital.


Al Basrah Governorate

* ICRC reported on April 11 that religious leaders have been speaking out
against widespread looting and criminal activity in Al Basrah, but armed
robberies and shoot-outs continued overnight during April 9 to 10.  
People stealing water damaged a water pipeline that links the
ICRC-rehabilitated Wafa' Al-Qaed water pumping station to the town of
Safwan. The pumping station and local water-treatment plan are
operational, but the damaged pipeline has restricted any water from
reaching Safwan.


Northern Iraq

* On April 11, UNOPS reported that 2,513 IDP families are living in 134
schools throughout Dahuk Governorate.  UNOPS expects the majority of these
IDPs to begin returning home over the next few days as security conditions
improve.


Current Humanitarian Situation by Sector

Displaced Populations

* The Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) indicated
on April 11 that 30,000 people are in need of assistance near Badrah,
rather than the 100,000 vulnerable people that media sources previously
reported. UNHCR met with representatives of the displaced people at the
Iranian border town of Mehran, in Ilam Province, located 16 kilometers
from Badrah, and report that the displaced do not plan to cross into Iran.
The displaced will remain in the area with relatives and friends. On April
11, Iranian authorities provided food to Badrah town, including 7,000 cans
of beans, 500 kilograms of dates, 2,000 packs of bread containing 70
loaves each, and four water tankers. On April 11, UNHCR reported that the
governor of Ilam Province in Iran has approached an Iraqi elder in Badrah
to distribute the relief items. Badrah town has a population of
approximately 6,000.  UNICEF may provide assistance on April 11.

* The International Organization for Migration (IOM) reported on April 11
that it is negotiating with Jordanian authorities to facilitate the entry
of 17 people into Jordan from the no-man's-land between Jordan and Iraq.  
The displaced people have been in the area for a few days, and IOM would
like to move them to the Ruwaished transit camp inside the Jordanian
border.



Food

* According to media sources, Coalition forces located four warehouses in
Al Hillah that contained OFF food, which they distributed to local
residents.



U.S. Government Response

Pre-Positioning

* Prior to Coalition military activity in Iraq, USAID's Office of U.S.
Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA) provided funding to assist U.N.
and NGO preparedness activities. In addition, USAID/OFDA has
pre-positioned relief commodities in three warehouses in Jordan, Kuwait,
and UAE.

* USAID's Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) has supported WFP's
planning and preparation efforts to meet the emergency food needs of
vulnerable populations in Iraq.

* The State Department's Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration
(State/PRM) provided assistance to UNHCR and IOM to pre-position supplies
for 600,000 potential Iraqi refugees and IDPs located at Iraq's borders,
to establish transit camps for TCNs fleeing Iraq, and to pre-position
supplies for the transportation of refugees and other migrants.



Emergency Relief

* The United States Government deployed a DART to the region to assess
humanitarian needs and coordinate the emergency relief effort.  DART
members are located in Kuwait, Turkey, Jordan, Cyprus, and Qatar and are
working closely with U.N. agencies, NGOs, and in coordination with U.S.
military Civil Affairs personnel at the Humanitarian Operations Center
(HOC).

* USAID/OFDA is supporting NGO emergency assistance activities with
quick-impact projects and IDP support.

* USAID/OFDA obligated more than $2.5 million for administrative and
travel costs on April 10 that have been in progress for during the past
few months.

* USAID/FFP has provided emergency food commodities through the Emerson
Trust to WFP to meet the food needs of vulnerable Iraqis.  USAID/FFP has
also provided P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to be
distributed to food insecure Iraqis and cash to WFP for the purchase
commodities in the region.

* USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID/OTI) has supported IOM
and Development Alternatives, Incorporated (DAI) to prepare for the
implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI), which supports
political stabilization and community recovery activities in post-conflict
Iraq.

* State/PRM has contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and
emergency response activities of UNHCR, ICRC, the International Federation
of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), and IOM.



Reconstruction

* To date, USAID's Bureau for Asia and the Near East (USAID/ANE) has
provided assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq. USAID/ANE has
supported the U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) and WHO for health, education,
and water and sanitation needs, and Stevedoring Services of America (SSA)
to assess and manage the Umm Qasr port.

* In mid-March, USAID/ANE awarded a contract to International Resources
Group (IRG) to provide planning, monitoring, coordination, management, and
reporting on USAID's reconstruction and rehabilitation activities in Iraq.  
IRG's services include support in a variety of sectors, including
education, health, agriculture, civil society strengthening, and
infrastructure.



Other Donor and International Organization Assistance*

DONOR
US $ (MILLIONS)      DATE (2003)    ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT


Australia
$29.6   March 21     100,000 MT of wheat and distribution costs
$4.4    March 20     U.N. Agencies and ICRC
$5.9    ---          Planning and preparation funding

Canada - CIDA
$67.5   March 26     U.N. agencies, international organizations (IOs),
                     NGOs, CARE Canada for water and sanitation, food, 
                     shelter, and health
$3.8                 Response to U.N. Preparedness Measures Appeal

China
        March 27     Tents

Republic of Croatia
$2.75   April 3      Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water
                     purification disinfectants

European Commission
$22.5   April 9      ICRC, UNICEF, CARE, PremiŠre Urgence, and OCHA fo
                     medical, water and sanitation, health, and 
                     coordination

France
$10.7                Humanitarian Assistance

Germany
$11.77  April 8      UNHCR and ICRC

Ireland
$0.8    March 20     U.N. Agencies for planning and preparation
$15.9

Japan
$100    April 9      Humanitarian Assistance 

Korea
$10     April 3      U.N. Agencies and Korean NGOs

Kuwait
        March 24     45,000 meals/day and an emergency medical center

Netherlands
$19.6   April 2      U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC

New Zealand
$3.3    March 20     U.N. Agencies, IOs, and NGOs for humanitarian relief

Norway
$21.6   March 20     NGOs for humanitarian assistance

Russia
        March 22-23  150 MT humanitarian supplies for refugee preparation 
                     in Iran

Spain
$20.0    March 27    Refugee assistance in Iran, Jordan, Syria, and Turkey
                     Taiwan
$4.3     March 27    Refugee assistance - food, medicine, NFIs
                     United Kingdom
$330     March 24    U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs - food, health kits,
                     water units, winter supply kits, primary health, IDP 
                     assistance

OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE**	$684.42 MILLION


 * This compilation was drawn from ReliefWeb and may not be comprehensive.
** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases.


Public Donation Information

* The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the "How Can I Help" section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. 

* USAID encourages cash donations because they:  allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance.

* General information on making donations and volunteering can be found
at:
    - USAID:  www.usaid.gov/iraq -> "How Can I Help?"
    - The Center for International Disaster Information:  www.cidi.org 
      or 703-276-1914
    - InterAction:  www.interaction.org -> "Guide to Appropriate Giving"
    - Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can 
      be found at www.reliefweb.org.


U.S. GOVERNMENT HUMANITARIAN AND RECONSTRUCTION ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ

Agency
Implementing Partner
Sector
Regions
Amount


FY 2003
EMERGENCY RELIEF
USAID/OFDA 	$43,742,995


Administrative Costs
Administrative
$2,912,519

AirServ
Logistics
Country-wide
$2,151,585

The Cuny Center
Research studies
Country-wide
$40,260

IDA
Health
Country-wide
$711,850

IMC
Quick-impact projects
Country-wide
$4,000,000

IMC
Capacity building
Country-wide
$202,900

InterAction
Coordination
Country-Wide
$92,860

IOM
IDP programs
Country-wide
$5,000,000

IRC
Quick-impact projects
Country-wide
$3,000,000

Logistics
Commodity prepositioning and DART support
$6,300,000

Mercy Corps
Quick-impact projects
Country-wide
$3,000,000

NGOs 
Cooperative agreements 
Country-wide
$4,000,000

SCF/US
Quick-impact projects
Country-wide
$4,000,000

SCF/US
NGO Consortium
Country-wide
$883,131

UNICEF
Health, nutrition, water/sanitation
Country-wide
$2,000,000

UN OCHA
Coordination and Information
Country-wide
$200,000

UN OCHA
Coordination and Information
Country-wide
$1,000,000

WFP
Logistics and preposition of food
Country-wide
$5,000,000
USAID/FFP	$430,000,000

WFP
Prepositioning funding
$55,000,000

WFP
Emerson Trust - 161,000 MT
$84,000,000


P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities - 105,000 MT
$91,000,000

WFP
Regional Purchase
$200,000,000


USAID/OTI	$2,333,612


IOM
ITI
Country-wide
$1,700,000

DAI
ITI
Country-wide
$473,253

Internews
Media
Country-wide
$160,359


STATE/PRM	$36,630,000

UNHCR
Emergency refugee assistance
$21,000,000

ICRC
Emergency assistance
$10,000,000

IFRC
Emergency assistance
$3,000,000

IOM
TCN - transportation assistance
$2,630,000


RECONSTRUCTION
USAID/ANE 	$30,900,000 

IRG
Reconstruction Support
$7,100,000

UNICEF
Health, Education
$9,000,000

WHO
Health
$10,000,000

SSA
Port Management
$4,800,000

TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003         $506,976,607
TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003         $ 36,630,000
TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003   $543,606,607


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