US Agency for International Development
Sudan: Darfur - Humanitarian Emergency Fact Sheet #6 (FY 2005)
5 November 2004


Note: This report updates fact sheet #5, dated October 29, 2004.

DARFUR EMERGENCY - NUMBERS AT A GLANCE    SOURCE

Conflict-Affected Persons in
Darfur and Eastern Chad More than 2 million people    U.S. Government,
European Union, and United Nations

Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)
in Darfur   1.6 million people      U.N. Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

Sudanese Refugees in Eastern
Chad  200,000 people    U.N. High Commissioner for
Refugees (UNHCR)

Conflict-Affected Persons in
Darfur Receiving Food Assistance    1.15 million people during October
U.N. World Food Program (WFP)



Crude Mortality Rates (CMR) (1) and Under-five Mortality Rates
(U5MR) (2) for Darfur
North Darfur - 1.5 CMR; 2.5 U5MR
West Darfur - 2.9 CMR; 3.1 U5MR
Kalma Camp (South Darfur) - 3.8
CMR; 11.7 U5MR
Preliminary data from the U.N. World Health Organization (WHO)

Total FY 2004 - 2005 USG Humanitarian Assistance to Darfur: $224,341,434
Total FY 2004 - 2005 USG Humanitarian Assistance to Eastern Chad:
$75,672,072
Total FY 2004 - 2005 USG Humanitarian Assistance for the Darfur Emergency:
$300,013,506
Total FY 2003 - 2005 USG Humanitarian Assistance for the Darfur Emergency:
$302,085,080



CURRENT HUMANITARIAN SITUATION

Security

The USAID/Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) reports that the
security situation continues to deteriorate throughout Darfur, hindering
the ability of organizations to provide humanitarian assistance. The
increasing number of security incidents in recent weeks has limited the
movement of relief organizations, delayed the arrival of critical
humanitarian assistance, and forced civilian populations into internally
displaced person (IDP) camps and settlements. Furthermore, relief workers,
particularly local staff, are increasingly targeted for intimidation and
harassment.

The Special Representative for the U.N. Secretary General (SRSG) in Sudan,
Jan Pronk, briefed the U.N. Security Council on November 4. SRSG Pronk
urged a three-pronged approach to reverse the trend of deteriorating
security: the continued deployment of the African Union (AU) third-party
force to deter ceasefire violations, an acceleration of all political
negotiations, and the process of holding political leaders accountable for
ongoing violations of agreements and human suffering.

The USAID/DART reports that on October 27, the Sudan Liberation
Movement/Army (SLM/A) took 15 Arab civilians hostage between Zalingei
(West Darfur) and Kass (South Darfur). Many humanitarian agencies have
relocated their staff from the area or restricted staff movements to
Zalingei, negatively impacting humanitarian assistance to an estimated
148,000 IDPs. Humanitarian agencies operating in Zalingei are discussing
alternative ways to provide food assistance to IDPs in the area.

On November 1, the U.N. evacuated non-governmental organization (NGO)
staff out of Golo in Jebel Marra due to a rumor that the hostages had been
taken to Jebel Marra and possible clashes between the SLM/A and Government
of Sudan (GOS).

Protection - Forced Movement of IDPs

According to the USAID/DART, on November 2, the GOS closed two IDP
settlements in Nyala - Algiers and Otash - in an attempt to move residents
to a newly-constructed camp approximately 8 km southwest of Nyala, called
Al Shereif. The USAID/DART visited all three settlements in order to
investigate the incident. At Algiers, the GOS military forced people out
of their shelters and several dwellings in the camp were destroyed. The
police and military released tear gas, and shots were heard periodically.
According to the GOS Humanitarian Aid Commission (HAC), approximately 260
families were moved from Algiers to Al Shereif. The humanitarian community
assumes that the remaining IDPs are in Nyala. The HAC states that Otash
residents will be moved to Al Shereif on November 8. According to the
U.N., Otash residents are fearful of the move and some have reportedly
left the camp to find shelter in Nyala town.

Water and Sanitation

The USAID/DART reports that despite improvements, large gaps in water and
sanitation coverage across Darfur remain, especially in more remote and
difficult to access IDP settlements. The humanitarian community has
established a water and sanitation task force in North and West Darfur in
order to improve water and sanitation services in IDP settlements through
increased coordination.

Health

According to the Ministry of Health report for October 16 to 22, malaria
was the most common patient diagnosis, representing 43 percent of total
cases. The second highest diagnosis was Acute Respiratory Infection,
accounting for 19 percent of cases.

Nutrition

According to the U.N. World Food Program (WFP), Medecins sans
Frontieres-Holland (MSF-H) conducted a follow-up nutrition survey in Wadi
Salih and Garsila, West Darfur (initial survey was conducted in April
2004). Preliminary results show roughly a 10 percent drop from the
previous GAM rate of 20 percent. MSH-H attributes this reduction largely
to the food aid distributed to the population.

Livelihoods

Sudan's border with Libya remains officially closed, and traders in Darfur
generally have limited access to Libyan markets. While some unofficial
cross-border trade likely continues, it represents only a fraction of the
average yearly cross-border trade. The USAID/DART reports that livelihoods
have essentially been destroyed throughout Darfur; the Jingaweit have
destroyed farmers' land, and the SLM/A has undermined livestock trade.

Food Assistance

WFP reports the October food distribution fell short of target, with
20,179 metric tons (MT) of food dispatched to an estimated 1,153,086
beneficiaries. This represents approximately 74 percent of the food
distribution target and approximately 69 percent of the caseload target.
Road closures due to insecurity, congestion at Khartoum airport, and
flight restrictions adversely impacted WFP's delivery capacity during
October.

Chad

According to the Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWSNET), a recent
Government of Chad/U.N. assessment has identified a number of threats to
household food security in areas hosting refugees including poor rains,
rising food prices due to increased demand and trade disruptions,
depletion of last year's stocks, and increased competition for local
resources. As a result, tensions between the host population and refugees
have intensified. The assessment team recommended the distribution of
20,000 MT of food assistance to local populations near refugee camps. In
November, WFP plans to assist 196,604 beneficiaries with general food
distributions, 54,781 beneficiaries with blanket supplementary feeding,
and 4,690 beneficiaries under the regular supplementary and therapeutic
feeding programs by NGOs.


Notes:

1 According to WHO, the emergency threshold for crude mortality is 1 death
   per 10,000 people per day.
2 According to WHO, the emergency threshold for under-five mortality is 2
   deaths per 10,000 children under five per day.


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