Great Lakes Region - OFDA-06: 04-Jun-98
Great Lakes Region - OFDA-06: 04-Jun-98
U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
BUREAU FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE (BHR)
OFFICE OF U.S. FOREIGN DISASTER ASSISTANCE (OFDA)
GREAT LAKES -- Complex Emergency
Situation Report #6, Fiscal Year (FY) 1998 June 4, 1998
Note: The last situation report was dated March 19, 1998.
NUMBERS AFFECTED AT A GLANCE (UNHCR estimates unless otherwise stipulated)
In the DROC
Refugees: 17,000 Rwandans, 35,000 Burundians
Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs): 129,000 (OCHA estimate)
In Rwanda
Returnees: 208,682 Rwandans returned from the DROC and Tanzania in 1997
Refugees: 2,700 Burundians, 29,000 Congolese
IDPs: 58,000 in Gisenyi, 48,000 in Ruhengeri (local estimate)
In Burundi
Refugees: 600 Rwandans, 20,000 Congolese (majority are old-caseload)
IDPs: 669,171 (OCHA estimate)
In Tanzania
Refugees: 227,785 Burundians, 40,000 Congolese, 11,246 Rwandans
In Central African Republic
Refugees: 1,455 Rwandans, 9,000 Congolese
Refugees Elsewhere:
11,600 Congolese and 10,000 Rwandans in Uganda; 2,032 Congolese, Rwandans,
and Burundians in Zambia (IFRC estimate); 11,000 Rwandans in
Congo-Brazzaville; 2,200 Rwandans in Angola; 3,600 Congolese in Sudan
Note: The term Congolese used above refers to people from the Democratic
Republic of the Congo (DROC) unless otherwise stipulated.
REGIONAL
UNHCR and OAU Host Regional Meeting to Discuss Refugee Issues
>From May 8-9, regional representatives from eight countries met in
Kampala to discuss a range of refugee issues. The meeting was
co-sponsored by the Secretary-General of the Organization for African
Unity (OAU) and the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The
agenda included discussions regarding reconciliation of state interests
with refugee protection principles, the impact of large refugee
concentrations on host countries, security within refugee camps, and
practical measures for maintaining the civilian nature of refugee camps.
UNHCR has voiced pleasure at the meeting's outcome and has termed it one
of the most frank and non-confrontational ministerial meetings ever to
take place.
U.N. Secretary-General (UNSYG) Visits Africa
On April 28, UNSYG Koffi Annan began an eight-country tour of Africa,
which included stops in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda,
Burundi, Uganda, and Eritrea. During the trip, he called on all African
governments to cut military expenditures to free up monies for development
programs and urged African societies to opt for paths that ensure respect
for human rights. On May 7, Annan traveled to both Burundi and Rwanda.
Annan pledged U.N. support for Burundi's peace process while meeting with
Pierre Buyoya and the National Assembly. In his address to Rwanda's
parliament, Annan admitted that the world had failed the Rwandan people
and pledged U.N. support for reconciliation. Parliamentarians regarded
Annan's speech as "insensitive, insulting, and arrogant," and later
boycotted a reception in his honor--as did Rwanda's President, Vice
President/Minister of Defense, and Prime Minister.
Clinton Travels to Africa
On March 25, President Clinton paid a brief visit to Kigali as part of his
Africa tour. Clinton participated in a roundtable discussion with
genocide survivors and publicly addressed the Rwandan people with regard
to the international community's lack of commitment in 1994 to stop the
genocide. Clinton also acknowledged that the international community
should not have allowed the refugee camps in Zaire to become safe havens
for the killers and confessed that the massacres should have been labeled
genocide from the start. While speaking to the Rwandan people, Clinton
announced that the USG would provide $2 million to Rwanda in 1998 in
support of a genocide survivors fund, and that the USG would invest $30
million in 1998 to help create a Great Lakes Justice Initiative.
Also on March 25, President Clinton met with regional heads of state in
Entebbe, Uganda to strengthen cooperation between Africa and the United
States. The summit was attended by the leaders of Uganda, Kenya, the
Democratic Republic of the Congo (DROC), Rwanda, Tanzania, and Ethiopia.
Also present was the Secretary-General of the OAU. An Entebbe Declaration
of Principles was signed at the conclusion of the meeting. The main
points of the declaration include: defining and building a U.S.-Africa
partnership for the 21st century, strengthening and sustaining regional
security and African peacekeeping capacity, defining strategies to
integrate Africa into the world economy, continuing to cooperate against
cross-border terrorism directed at civilians, and pursuing dialogue on
democratization.
The following day, while still in Entebbe, President Clinton met
individually with President Kabila. In their meeting, Clinton told Kabila
that his struggle to overthrow Mobutu Sese Seko was a difficult one and
that he has come too far to fail now. He further told Kabila that the
U.S. needed Kabila's cooperation if U.S. Government (USG) assistance was
to be forthcoming. Kabila promised Clinton that fair elections would take
place in the DROC in 1999 and stressed that the current ban on political
activity was an interim measure necessary for restoring order.
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
Flood Disaster Declared in Kinshasa
Excessive rainfall since the beginning of March caused sand slides to
damage roads, water lines, and homes, particularly in Matete and Kisenso
quartiers--two of the poorest and most densely populated quartiers in
Kinshasa. An assessment by the Congolese Red Cross estimated that 2,321
families in nine quartiers have lost their homes to sand slides, which
resulted when water retention basins collapsed in Kisenso. In total,
3,262 families have been affected, and 17 deaths have occurred.
On April 14, Ambassador Daniel H. Simpson declared a flood disaster in
Kinshasa. In consultation with local officials, the Congolese Red Cross,
and relevant NGOs, the U.S. Embassy determined that USG assistance would
best be targeted to residents in Matete for assistance in removing the
build-up of sand, mud, fecal waste, and trash that had buried much of the
neighborhood. In response to the declaration, BHR/OFDA provided $25, 000
through the U.S. Embassy to Catholic Relief Services (CRS) for the
purchase of shovels and wheelbarrows, and the rental of dump trucks to
assist in this effort. CRS (with OFDA's assistance) also plans to
construct water retention basins and to sandbag high-risk areas in Kisenso
quartier to prevent future damage.
The Incidence of Cholera Increases Sharply
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a total of 13,440 cholera
cases and 778 cholera-related deaths in the DROC since January 1998. The
provinces of Katanga, North Kivu, South Kivu, and Orientale are most
affected. In collaboration with the Ministry of Health, WHO, the U.N.
Children's Fund (UNICEF), Medecins sans Frontieres (MSF), and other NGOs
are conducting activities to prevent further spread of the disease and to
treat affected populations. While the incidence of the disease is not as
worrisome in border regions of Rwanda and Burundi, WHO does express some
concern that the incidence level might increase.
U.N. Human Rights Team Withdraws from the DROC
The U.N. team investigating alleged human rights violations has
permanently withdrawn from the DROC. On April 16, UNSYG publicly
announced that the team would be withdrawn because it could no longer
ensure the confidentiality of its informants, following the temporary
detention of a member of the investigatory team in Kinshasa and the
subsequent seizure of documents in the investigator's possession. This
development comes on the heels of the team's March 21 withdrawal from
Mbandaka, which took place after a local crowd opposed the excavation of
an emptied mass grave found by investigators in Wendji (20 kms north of
Mbandaka).
Kinshasa Summit Canceled
On May 15, DROC's Foreign Minister Bizima Karaha postponed the 16-nation
summit which was to have taken place in Kinshasa on May 16. Karaha's
decision to postpone the meeting was based on the decisions of several
countries not to attend. The meeting, which would have focused on
solidarity and development within the Great Lakes region, has not been
rescheduled to date.
RWANDA
Insecurity Continues in the Northwest
Following April 6, the fourth anniversary commemorating the 1994 genocide,
an upsurge of violence was witnessed in the northwest and central
prefectures. Gitarama prefecture has been particularly volatile in recent
weeks as military troops conduct operations to sweep out the rebels.
According to provincial authorities in Gitarama, approximately 4, 000
people are displaced from the communes of Buringa, Nyakabanda, Nyabikenke,
and Rutobwe.
Violence also continues in Gisenyi prefecture. In Nyamyumba commune, 14
children were killed during the night of May 17 in an attack on their
boarding school. According to a hospital official, the victims died of
bullet wounds and were between 11 and 17 years of age. On May 28, in
Rwerere and Mutura communes, U.N. officials confirm that at least 94
civilians were killed and 67 civilians were wounded by Hutu rebels in
retaliation for their seeking government protection as they returned to
their homes from the Virunga Mountains.
Displaced Population in the Northwest in Need of Assistance
Prefectural authorities estimate that there are 58,000 displaced persons
in Gisenyi and 48,000 displaced persons in Ruhengeri. The Government of
Rwanda (GOR), which is currently responding to the food and non-food needs
of the displaced population, indicates that it will be unable to provide
for an increased and continued emergency response. Due to security
concerns, denied access by government officials, and the difficulty in
obtaining military escorts, few NGOs are operating in these two
prefectures. BHR/OFDA plans to support a proposal from Save the Children
Fund/UK to address urgent water and sanitation needs for 24,000 displaced
persons in Kinigi commune in Ruhengeri.
WFP has begun to transport food aid into the region to address the
displaced population's food needs. Although initial deliveries were
delayed because the military refused to allow WFP monitors to accompany
food convoys to distribution points, regular deliveries (accompanied by
monitors) are now taking place in Gisenyi as a result of interventions
made by the U.S. Embassy. While successful to date, adequate monitoring
is very difficult and negotiated on a daily basis. WFP confirms that the
number of displaced people seeking assistance is steadily growing as more
and more people return from hiding in the forests.
Food Shortages Continue in Northwest and South-Central Prefectures
According to WFP, over 200,000 Rwandans, largely in Gikongoro, Ruhengeri,
and Gisenyi suffer from serious food shortages. In its January crop and
food supply assessment, the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and
WFP estimated that the 82,000 MT food deficit for the January to June
period should be revised upward to 102,000 MTs.
The reasons for Rwanda's food shortage vary from erratic rainfall and
heavy flooding to insecurity, lack of access to agricultural inputs, poor
farming practices, and slow reintegration of recently resettled
households. Further complicating food security in Rwanda is the lack of
sufficient commercial imports and emergency food assistance to meet the
gross deficit--as both regional availabilities and WFP logistics have been
severely hampered by damaged transportation routes in neighboring
flood-affected countries. As a result of the damaged regional network,
WFP food deliveries to Rwanda have only allowed distributions to average
3,500 MTs per month (versus the planned 7,500 MTs). This has been enough
to provide food to 200,000. In June, food deliveries increased to 6,000
MTs--thus creating a sizable stock which will be available for increased
needs.
Genocide Trials End in Executions and First Verdict by ICTR
Twenty-two individuals guilty of participating in Rwanda's 1994 genocide
were executed by firing squad on April 24. The executions occurred
publicly at mid-day in five locations throughout Rwanda, despite strong
international criticism. According to a GOR official, the executions are
"an ongoing process" and will resume as soon as other genocidaires have
exhausted their final appeals for clemency. Since the executions, more
than 2,000 genocide suspects have confessed to their crimes and have
entered into plea bargains to avoid the possibility of the death penalty.
After publicly criticizing the executions, Rwandan authorities expelled
the spokesman for the U.N. Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda
(UNHRFOR). Over the May 9-10 weekend, Rwandan authorities susequently
suspended the entire UNHRFOR mission, following disagreement over its
mandate.
In its first verdict to date, the International Criminal Tribunal for
Rwanda (ICTR) convicted former Rwandan Prime Minister Jean Kambanda on May
1. He was found guilty of six counts of genocide and crimes against
humanity after pleading guilty to all charges. Kambanda's sentence will
be handed down at a later date. He has indicated that he will serve as a
prosecution witness for upcoming trials. Since Kambanda's confession,
more than two dozen genocide suspects in the Kigali central prison have
admitted to their role in the 1994 genocide.
In another development, the U.N. Security Council adopted a resolution on
April 30 that allows for the establishment of an additional trial chamber
at the trial site in Arusha. The chamber will accommodate three new
judges.
Security Council Votes to Reactivate Commission of Inquiry into Illegal
Arms Sales
On April 9, the U.N. Security Council voted to reactivate the commission
of inquiry into illegal arms sales to former Rwandan government forces and
militias in the Great Lakes region. The resolution adopted by the
Security Council calls on the commission to 1) "identify parties aiding
and abetting the illegal sale" of weapons, 2) make recommendations
relating to the illegal flow of arms in the Great Lakes region, and 3)
encourage regional states to prohibit their territories from being used as
bases for armed incursions.
BURUNDI
Malnutrition and Food Shortage Persists in Burundi
Malnutrition rates continue to rise in Burundi. The fragile nutritional
state is a culmination of many factors, including: 1) continued
insecurity that inhibits farmers from accessing their fields (and impedes
relief agencies from providing assistance), 2) governmental spending
focused on military procurement rather than social services, 3)
unfavorable weather conditions that resulted in poor 1998A season
(September - January) crop yields, 4) lack of agricultural implements, and
5) food exports encouraged by higher prices in neighboring countries.
UNICEF estimates that the number of patients treated nationwide in
supplementary and therapeutic feeding centers has increased from 15,000 in
August 1997 to 47, 000 in April 1998. UNICEF further estimates that
another 30,000 or more potential patients may be hiding in areas
inaccessible to the humanitarian community. The malnutrition problem is
most severe in Cibitoke, Bubanza, Kayanza, Karuzi, Bujumbura Rurale,
Bururi, and Makamba--the provinces where the rebels are most active or
where forced regroupment took place. Even so, malnutrition rates are
rising in all provinces.
Food Shortage Necessitates WFP Airlifts
The February FAO/WFP crop and food supply assessment for Burundi indicated
that total food production would be 13% higher than in 1997, but 9% lower
than the 1988-93 average. Furthermore, the assessment estimated that
Burundi's food import requirements in 1998 would be 139,000 MTs. Because
commercial imports are expected to be in the order of 54,000 MTs, the
total food deficit would more realistically be 85,000 MTs. Emergency food
aid requirements for the most severely affected population groups in 1998
are estimated to be 60,000 MTs.
In the first quarter of 1998, WFP's food distributions averaged 1,710 MTs
per month in Burundi. This figure, significantly less than the 5,300 MT
monthly requirement, is reflective of the logistical impediments caused by
flooding in Tanzania and Kenya. As such, WFP is only reaching 36% of the
345,000 requiring assistance. Until logistical capabilities are restored,
WFP's priorities are to: 1) support supplementary and therapeutic feeding
centers, 2) provide rations to the families of those registered in the
feeding centers, 3) target the vulnerable populations in the areas from
where the majority of the malnourished populations are originating, and 4)
provide discharge rations for patients recently released from the feeding
centers.
On May 27, WFP completed an airlift of 500 MTs of sugar, powdered milk,
oil, and pulses from Dar es Salaam to Bujumbura. The food commodities are
to be used in therapeutic and supplemental feeding centers located
throughout Burundi. This airlift, funded by ECHO at a cost of $500,000,
was the first to benefit Burundi since 1994. On May 20, WFP began a
second airlift operation from Mombasa and Nairobi to transport 3,000 MTs
of food into Bujumbura through June to cover the emergency needs of
targeted populations during the lean season. ECHO will fund the airlift
of 2,300 MTs, and BHR/OFDA will fund the remaining 700 MTs.
Insecurity Continues Throughout Burundi
In the first major clash to occur between the military and Hutu rebels
since New Year's Day, 29 civilians and 47 rebels were killed in Isale
commune on April 22. According to a military spokesman, government troops
retaliated against the rebels after the latter raided nearby villages and
attacked Tutsi civilians. Burundi's main rebel organization the Conseil
national pour la defense de la democratie (CNDD) denied the military's
accusations, maintaining that Buyoya is responsible for the civilian
deaths in his quest to create a "security belt" around Bujumbura.
Following a reasonably quiet period, attacks on rural roads seem to be on
the increase. On May 21, a convoy belonging to Cibitoke's military
commander was attacked by armed men while traveling on National Route 10.
The following day, a minibus was attacked with grenades on National Route
1 in Bujumbura Rurale Province. And, on May 25, an anti-tank mine was
detonated by a vehicle traveling along National Route 9 in Bubanza
Province. The director general of the local coffee company was killed and
three others were seriously wounded. In response to such incidents, the
military conducted a sweep in Bururi Province and a round-up in
Bujumbura's central market in an attempt to flush out insurgents.
A Danish aid worker was killed on April 22 in Bujumbura in an apparent
car-jacking attempt in the quartier of Bwiza. The victim of the incident,
the country director for the Adventist Relief and Development Agency
(ADRA), had lived in Bujumbura for over ten years. He was killed as he
was driving a local staff member home in the evening.
Increased Fighting in the Northwest Spurs Population Movements
Renewed fighting in the provinces of Cibitoke, Bubanza, and Bujumbura
Rurale has led to additional rounds of population displacements. In
mid-March, approximately 20,000 Burundians from Isale commune of Bujumbura
Rurale took up refuge in public buildings and churches on the outskirts of
the capital. In early April, The U.N. Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported another 17,000 displaced persons in
Mubimbi commune--in addition to 1,500 in Mugongomanga commune. Following
joint U.N./NGO needs assessments, the international humanitarian community
distributed both food and non-food items in Isale and Mugongomanga
communes.
An additional 3,000 Burundians from Isale have fled to the DROC--just
north of Uvira, where UNHCR is responding to their needs. This population
movement, in combination with another from Cibitoke province, brings to
10,000 the approximate number of Burundian refugees in Uvira. Citing
security concerns, DROC military authorities expelled some 500 Burundian
refugees (both new- and old-caseload) from Uvira during the first week of
April. Women and children, who comprised the majority of those refouled,
were provided temporary shelter by UNHCR at the soon-to-be-closed Gatumba
transit center in Burundi.
Talks Underway in Preparation for Arusha Summit
In advance of all-party talks scheduled to begin in Arusha on June 15,
Tanzanian mediator Julius Nyerere met in Dar es Salaam with the Burundian
Minister appointed to oversee the country's peace process. Nyerere also
met with two of Burundi's former Presidents and the Speaker of the
National Assembly in preparation for the talks. Nyerere's special envoy
traveled to Bujumbura from June 1-4 for further consultations with a
variety of government and National Assembly officials. The CNDD, despite
internal turmoil, has also expressed a willingness to participate in the
up-coming talks in Arusha.
TANZANIA
UNHCR Cites a Marked Increase of Rwandan Refugees in Tanzania
UNHCR and Government of Tanzania (GOT) officials report that 2,246 Rwandan
refugees have arrived in Tanzania since January. In addition, 9,000
Rwandan refugees have come to light: 7,000 of whom passed themselves off
as Burundians in the Lukole camp and 2, 000 of whom lived amongst the
Tanzanian population in and around Ngara. The new arrivals, in addition
to some old-caseload, are being housed at the Mkugwa camp and the Mbuba
holding center in Kigoma. Long-term plans are not yet finalized as to
where the refugees will be transported once released from the holding
center. UNHCR has conducted interviews with many of the refugees. The
reasons they cite for leaving Rwanda include: not having access to their
land, threats made by the military, disappearance of relatives and
neighbors, and nightly patrols that frequently result in death. A
spokesperson for UNHCR calls the increasing number of Rwandan refugees
"worrisome" because they are originating from prefectures thought to be
relatively safe (e.g., Kibungo, Butare, Kigale Rurale, and Byumba).
Neither UNHCR nor WFP anticipate any difficulty in providing for this
influx of refugees--particularly given the ongoing repatriation of
Congolese refugees from Kigoma to the DROC.
WFP Logistics on the Mend
The delivery of WFP food commodities to refugee camps in the Kigoma region
has improved, after being significantly curtailed by roads made
inaccessible by flood waters. Full rations are now being distributed to
all camps.
USG ASSISTANCE
Disaster Declarations Issued
Ambassador Robert E. Gribbin III redeclared a disaster in Rwanda on
October 2, Ambassador Morris N. Hughes, Jr. redeclared a disaster in
Burundi on October 9, and Ambassador Daniel H. Simpson redeclared a
disaster in the DROC on October 16. Their declarations allow continued
USAID humanitarian assistance in the region during FY 1998 to help
alleviate ongoing suffering in the aftermath of civil strife. On December
24, Ambassador Simpson declared a flood disaster when the Congo river
overflowed its banks, affecting Orientale and Equateur provinces.
Subsequently, on April 14, Ambassador Simpson declared a flood disaster in
Kinshasa, thus enabling USG assistance to be provided to residents in
Matete quartier whose homes were buried by sand as a result of flash
flooding. On March 4, Charge d'Affairs John Lange declared a disaster in
Tanzania after flood waters extensively damaged the national road and rail
network.
BHR/OFDA deployed a USAID/Disaster Assessment Response Team (DART) to
Kigali, Rwanda from October 26, 1996 to February 26, 1997, and an
assessment team to Zaire from February 12 to 26, 1997. A USAID/DART was
deployed to eastern DROC from March 14 to June 30, 1997. A BHR/OFDA field
officer worked in Goma from August 4 to December 3 to follow the
humanitarian situation in eastern DROC and to monitor OFDA-funded grants.
BHR/OFDA maintains an Emergency Disaster Relief Coordinator (EDRC) in
Burundi.
TOTAL FY 1998 USG HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO DATE IN THE GREAT LAKES
REGION: $98,801,946
BHR/OFDA Assistance
Eastern DROC
Funds transferred to the U.S. Embassy for a CRS project to provide potable
water to Kisangani: $25,000
Funds transferred to the U.S. Embassy for an IFRC airlift of 20 MTs of
non-food items to flood-affected Mbandaka: $14,000
Funds transferred to the U.S. Embassy for a CRS project to remove sand from
Matete quartier in Kinshasa: $25,000
Grant amendment to MERLIN for vaccinations and emergency medical support in
Maniema province: $684,349
Grant amendment to MERLIN for vaccinations and emergency medical support in
Maniema province: $149,085
Grant amendment to FHI for seeds and tools and agricultural rehabilitation
in the Kivus: $1,294,480
Grant amendment to AICF/USA for repairs to water infrastructure in Fizi
Zone: $45,671
Grant to MSF/H to improve the health of populations affected by
civil war: $647,019
Grant to AICF/USA for seeds and tools in South Kivu: $281023
Grant to CRS for the removal of sand in Kinshasa: $130,902
Total for Eastern DROC: $3,296,529
Burundi
Grant amendment to WVRD for emergency medical services in
Bujumbura Rurale: $396,703
Grant amendment to ACF/F for the treatment of severely malnourished
patients in Maramvya (Bujumbura Rurale): $848,425
Grant amendment to IMC for purchase of medications to treat
dysentery: $20,000
Grant amendment to Action Aid for shelter rehabilitation
in Ruyigi: $769,633
Grant to ACF/F for a therapeutic feeding center in
Bubanza province: $647,853
Grant amendment to CARE for food distribution: $945,506
Grand amendment to FAO for coordination of seeds and tools: $254,000
Total for Burundi: $3,882,120
Rwanda
Funds transferred to the U.S. Embassy for response to
emergency situations: $25,000
Grant amendment to WVRD for an agriculture program: $858,411
Grant to FHI for agricultural assistance: $749,000
Grant to SCF/UK for non-food assistance in Kinigi commune,
Ruhengeri prefecture
Total for Rwanda: $1,673,685
Tanzania
Funds transferred to USAID/Tanzania for emergency
road repairs: $1,000,000
Total for Tanzania: $1,000,000
Total for BHR/OFDA: $9,852,334
BHR/OTI (Office of Transition Initiatives) Assistance
DROC
Political transition programs: $7,600,000
Total for DROC: $7,600,000
Rwanda
Political transition programs: $1,858,000
Total for Rwanda: $1,858,000
Total for BHR/OTI: $9,458,000
BHR/FFP (Food for Peace) Assistance
Burundi
WFP (Great Lakes) emergency food distribution: $15,343,000
Total for Burundi: $15,343,000
Rwanda
Monetization programs: $10,000,000
Institutional feeding programs: $799,500
Vulnerable feeding programs: $1,246,400
Transitional assistance programs: $4,287,500
WFP (Great Lakes) emergency food distribution: $17,705,500
Total for Rwanda: $34,038,900
Tanzania
Drought relief program: $9,930,700
WFP (Great Lakes) emergency food distribution: $2,153,400
Total for Tanzania: $12,084,100
Total for BHR/FFP: $61,466,000
State/PRM (Population, Refugees, and Migration) Assistance
Regional
UNHCR Great Lakes Appeal: $13,800,000
Total for Regional: $13,800,000
DROC
Cooperative agreement to IRC for assistance to refugees and Congolese
returnees: $249,009
Total for DROC: $249,009
Rwanda
Cooperative agreement to UNHCR for education: $1,500,000
Cooperative agreement to IRC for reintegration and rehabilitation
assistance for vulnerables: $804,693
Cooperative agreement to ARC for reintegration and rehabilitation
assistance for vulnerables: $691,382
Total for Rwanda: $2,996,075
Tanzania
Cooperative agreement to IRC for assistance to Burundi and Congolese
refugees: $980,528
Total for Tanzania: $980,528
Total for State/PRM: $18,025,612
TOTAL FY 1997 USG HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO DATE IN THE GREAT LAKES
REGION: $177,791,522
BHR/OFDA Assistance
DROC: $10,364,102
Rwanda: $24,928,821
Burundi: $10,839,633
Total for BHR/OFDA: $46,132,556
BHR/OTI Assistance
Rwanda: $3,569,288
DROC: $186,378
Total: $3,755,666
BHR/FFP Contributions to the Great Lakes Region: $65,015,600
State/PRM Contributions to the Great Lakes Region: $62,887,700
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