Weekly Round-Up - IRINCAS-77: 20-Sep-02

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Central Asia IRIN-CA Weekly Round-up 77 14 - 20 September 2002

CONTENTS: AFGHANISTAN: UN wants to prevent refugees returning to Pakistan AFGHANISTAN: UNICEF continues despite rocket attack IRAN: Interview with leading female reformist MP, Fatemeh Rakei PAKISTAN: ADB signs poverty reduction agreement PAKISTAN: Focus on deforestation KAZAKHSTAN: Baby-friendly hospitals promote childbirth revolution KYRGYZSTAN: Youth development through mountaineering CENTRAL ASIA: Interview with Ahmed Rashid CENTRAL ASIA: Weekly news wrap AFGHANISTAN: UN wants to prevent refugees returning to Pakistan and Iran Life for 70-year-old, Enjeer Gul has not changed much for the better since he returned home after 20 years of exile in neighbouring Pakistan. "We are happy to be back but we have nothing to rebuild our lives again," he told IRIN in the Afghan capital, Kabul. "We find no work and nobody is giving us food anymore. Even getting water is hard," he said. Gul's 20-member family, comprising of his wife, children and grandchildren live in grey threadbare tents pitched on open ground in northern Kabul. Two months back they left a refugee camp close to the northwestern Pakistani city of Peshawar after most of their neighbours had taken the plunge and returned to Afghanistan. More than 200 families live in tents in the capital while thousands more eke out an existence in damaged houses and buildings nearby. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29975&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=AFGHANISTAN AFGHANISTAN: UNICEF and other agencies continue despite rocket attack The work of the Office of United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF) in the eastern Afghanistan city of Jalalabad has resumed, a day after two rockets hit the compound early Tuesday morning, agency officials said. UNICEF spokesman Edward Carwardine told IRIN that it was business as usual in the Jalalabad office - located in the eastern sector of the city. The rockets injured one guard, damaged parked vehicles and shattered windows. "We have no reason to believe that the attack was aimed at UNICEF. Investigations on the ground are going on at this time," Carwardine said from the Afghan capital, Kabul. "However, it has shaken up the staff." Military installations and the airport are also located in the east of the city. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29943&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=AFGHANISTAN IRAN: Interview with leading female reformist MP, Fatemeh Rakei One of the more pressing issues in Iran today is the rights of women. Iranian women still lack essential rights such as being unable to travel without a husband's permission, and the fact that their testimony in court is only worth half of a man's. But since the 1997 election of reformist President Mohammad Khatami, Iranian women have gained a degree of freedom. The recent repeal of a ban on unmarried women studying abroad was a significant step and just last month the Iranian parliament passed a bill granting women the right to seek divorce in court - a right women haven't had since the 1979 Islamic Revolution. In an interview with IRIN, 47-year-old Fatemeh Rakai, a leading advocate for women, and one of only 13 female members of the 270-seat parliament, talked candidly about some of the changes that have taken place. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29971&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=IRAN PAKISTAN: ADB signs poverty reduction agreement Pakistan and the Manila-based Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed an agreement on Monday aiming to reduce poverty by half by the year 2011, government and bank officials said. Myoung-Ho Shin, Vice President of ADB, told reporters in the Pakistani capital, Islamabad, that the agreement supported Pakistan's long-terms goals of attaining universal primary school enrollment, reducing the population growth rate to less than 1.6 percent and infant mortality rate to less than 30 per 1000 births, and increase the average life expectancy to at least 69 years. "We are committed to give US $2.4 billion during 2003/05," Shin said after the signing ceremony. The ADB has provided project and programme loans worth about US $800 million to Pakistan in 2001. He said the figures for future assistance were indicative and could be higher or lower depending on the performance of the projects. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29896&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=PAKISTAN PAKISTAN: Focus on deforestation Halima Bibi, 60, walks for kilometres through northern Pakistan's Himalayan foothills each day, gathering firewood. For as long as she can remember, this has been her daily chore. But it is getting harder each year as forest cover in Pakistan shrinks at an alarming rate. "We have neither a job, nor a business. This jungle is all what we have," Bibi told IRIN in her small two-roomed mud house, perched on a slope overlooking the picturesque Ayubia National Park - a government-protected forest. Her village, Tohidabad, nestled in between the famous hill resorts of Ayubia and Nathiagali, 50 km north of the Pakistani capital, Islamabad, is typical of hill settlements where poverty is widespread. Men travel to the plains or to the Gulf for menial jobs, and women stay behind to maintain and manage their homes, depending mostly on what the forest and its natural resources offer them. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29916&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=PAKISTAN KAZAKHSTAN: Baby-friendly hospitals promote childbirth revolution Of Lyailya Bakrayeva's five children, daughter Sof'ya Toktar, now four, is by far the healthiest. "The first child died almost at once, another had diarrhoea and pneumonia, but Sof'ya has never been sick, the others were not like her" she told IRIN in the Kazakh commercial capital, Almaty. The reason Sof'ya has enjoyed a healthy early childhood is simple; she was breastfed for the first six months of her life. Thanks in part to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO) and government programmes promoting breastfeeding and baby-friendly hospitals in Kazakhstan, a whole generation of children are growing up stonger and healthier. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29969&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN: Focus on boosting youth development through mountaineering American Garth Willis came to Kyrgyzstan to climb mountains. During his first visit in 1995, he remembers being troubled by how few young mountaineers he met. Most were older, and few novices were learning the skill. Shortly thereafter, Willis saw the United Nations Children's Fund's (UNICEF) documentary entitled "Rabbits Sitting on a Fence" about at-risk youth in Kyrgyzstan. Convinced by this that something needed to be done, Willis returned to his native Minnesota and applied for a US State Department grant to explore "youth mountaineering to help troubled teenagers". "Boom!" he said three years later. "They went for it right away." http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29913&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=KYRGYZSTAN CENTRAL ASIA: Interview with Ahmed Rashid Ahmed Rashid is one of the most respected authorities on Afghanistan, Pakistan and Central Asia. In his 2000 bestseller, Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil, and Fundamentalism in Central Asia, Rashid warned the world to ignore Afghanistan at its peril. In a special interview to mark the anniversary of the changes that have led to a new direction for the region, Rashid spoke to IRIN from his home in Lahore. He called on the international community to do more straight away to promote security, reconstruction and human rights in Afghanistan. Calling Hamid Karzai probably the most legitimate leader in the region, he sees Central Asia's new relationship with the US as a valuable opportunity for authoritarian regimes to become more democratic and accountable, which would in turn lead to greater foreign investment. He also warns that Islamic militancy will continue to thrive in the region unless political reforms are forthcoming. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29917&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=CENTRAL_ASIA CENTRAL ASIA: Weekly news wrap A significant development in the Caucasus this week, which will have a direct impact on Central Asia, was the start of work on the the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline in the Azerbaijan capital. The pipeline from Azerbaijan's Sangachal terminal, 40km south of the capital Baku, to the Turkish Mediterranean port of Ceyhan, has been under discussion for eight years. When completed, it is expected to reduce worldwide dependence on Gulf exporters and Russian pipelines. The pipeline will have the capacity to transport one million barrels a day across its 1,737 km length. The cost of transportation is projected at US $3.2 per barrel and the whole project is estimated to cost US$ 2.9 billion. The pipleine will enable Kazakhstan to export north Caspian crude and is expected to offer a boost to its growing energy sector. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29993&SelectRegion=Central_Asia&SelectCountry=CENTRAL_ASIA IRIN-Asia Tel: +92-51-2211451 Fax: +92-51-2292918 Email: IrinAsia@irin.org.pk [This Item is Delivered to the "Asia-English" Service of the UN's IRIN humanitarian information unit, but may not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. For further information, free subscriptions, or to change your keywords, contact e-mail: IRIN@ocha.unon.org or Web: http://www.irinnews.org . If you re-print, copy, archive or re-post this item, please retain this credit and disclaimer. 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