WFP EMERGENCY REPORT
Issued weekly by the United Nations World Food Programme
Report No. 02/ 2001 - Date 12 January 2001


This report includes:

(A)  World Hunger Map
(B)  West Africa Coastal: (1) Guinea, (2) Sierra Leone, (3) Liberia
(C)  Horn of Africa: (1) Kenya, (2) Eritrea
(D)  Angola
(E)  Great Lakes: (1) DR Congo, (2) Tanzania, (3) Burundi
(F)  Afghanistan
(G)  Asia Floods: (1) Laos, (2) Bangladesh
(H)  Russian Federation / Northern Caucasus


>From Francesco Strippoli, Senior Humanitarian Adviser. Available on the
Internet on the WFP Home Page (www.wfp.org), or by e-mail from
Zlatan.Milisic@wfp.org. For information on resources, donors are requested
to contact Valerie.Sequeira@wfp.org at WFP Rome, telephone 39 06 6513
2009. Media queries should be directed to Trevor.Rowe@wfp.org, telephone
39 06 6513 2602. The address of WFP is Via Cesare Giulio Viola 68, Parco
de' Medici, 00148 Rome, Italy.


(A)  World Hunger Map

a)  On 8 January in New York, Ms Catherine Bertini, the head of the World
Food Programme, presented a World Hunger Map, which illustrates the extent
of global hunger, now estimated as affecting 830 million people around the
world. The map shows that millions of people are hungry not just because
of conflict or natural disaster but also because of the effects of being
poor.

b)  Ms Bertini warned of a tough year ahead for millions of people trapped
in poverty and numerous hunger "hot spots" around the world, indicating
that armed conflict, civil strife and natural disasters will continue to
be the major sources of food insecurity. WFP has seen an alarming trend,
where the poorest nations are hit simultaneously by both natural and
man-made emergencies, including Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Indonesia,
Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Tajikistan.

c)  In the Greater Horn of Africa alone, about 16 million people who
suffer from conflict and drought. will continue to have the greatest need
this year. Over two-thirds of WFP's total projected emergency food aid
needs are designated for the Horn in 2001.

d)  Bertini thanked the international community for responding quickly in
the Horn last year, but said that donors need to recommit themselves now,
as millions of people in the Horn are still at risk, as well as to prevent
starvation in other parts of the world. Both, more money and greater
political resolve have to be committed before these crises grow worse.

e)  Some of the main hunger "hot spots" where WFP is expecting to focus
its attention in 2001 are (listed by continent):

- Sudan: A major crisis looms as millions face food and water shortages
due to the recent failure of rains and the ongoing civil war. Some 3.2
million people are estimated to be on the brink of disaster.

- Guinea: There are concerns that continued armed incursions and rebel
attacks along the borders with Liberia and Sierra Leone could explode into
full-fledged war in the coming months. Thousands of people near the
southern town of Gueckedou have already fled their homes. Guinea is host
to the second-largest refugee population in Africa, including 130,000
Liberians and 330,000 Sierra Leoneans.

- Sierra Leone: Continued civil war and immense "pockets of hunger"
continue to thwart an extremely fragile population. An increasing number
of Sierra Leonean refugees are returning to their home country due to
fighting in Guinea, adding further stress to a volatile situation,.

- Angola: The already precarious food situation in this violent country
could deteriorate further if growing insecurity disrupts the upcoming
critical planting period. WFP has had to reduce the number of people it
feeds by 30 percent, from 1.5 million to one million, due to lack of
funding. Further cuts may have to be made if donors do not provide more
funds.

- Ethiopia: Annual food aid needs for 2001 have been projected at around
900,000 tons, in order to counter the effects of the drought on up to 7.5
million people.

- Afghanistan: Already subject to the effects of civil war, Afghanis
continue to suffer from the worst drought in decades. Nearly four million
of people are on the brink of starvation.

- DPR Korea: Severe drought, typhoons, poor infrastructure and economic
problems mean that the country will face its seventh consecutive year of
food shortages. WFP, which is running its biggest aid operation in DPRK,
is currently feeding one third of the country's 23 million people.

- Colombia: Food aid is urgently needed to feed hundreds of thousands of
Colombians made homeless by the increasingly brutal civil conflict. WFP's
feeding operation targeting these internally displaced persons (IDPs) is
drastically under-funded.

- The Balkans: Tensions are high and the populations, particularly in
Serbia, are grappling with spiralling food prices and economic hardship.
In December, WFP launched a USD 90 million emergency operation to feed
some 980,000 people this year.



(B)  West Africa Coastal

(1)  Guinea

a)  More than 180,000 refugees and 70,000 IDPs are trapped in south
Guinea, in the so-called area of "parrot's beak", a strip of embattled
territory nosing into Sierra Leone near the Liberian border. Fighting in
early December has forced much of the humanitarian community to pull out.

b)  WFP fielded a mission to Kankan and Kerouane for the registration of
IDPs. A second mission went to Gueckedou and Kissidougou in order to
examine the possibilities of re-starting relief assistance, if the
security conditions allows to do so. The third on-going mission is in
Faranah, where WFP is carrying out registration of IDPs and refugees.

c)  WFP is presently assisting more than 1,800 IDPs in Conakry, who had
been displaced due to the cross-border fighting. The refugees presently in
the transit centre in Conakry are still being assisted with WFP food
assistance, while waiting to be repatriated to their motherland. So far,
38,000 refugees have already been repatriated to Sierra Leone.

d)  Overall, WFP is presently assisting 50,000 IDPs and 55,000 refugees in
the country.


(2)  Sierra Leone

a)  There were no major security incidents between the Government and
rebels during the week, resulting in a relative calm situation in the
country and an improved road access. Revolutionary United Front (RUF) has
reportedly agreed to reopen all roads leading to areas under its control
(i.e. Bumbuna-Magburaka, Kabala-Mekeni, and the Kambia-Mange-PortLoko
axis). The UN Humanitarian Coordinator met with the RUF leadership in
Magburaka, to discuss the option of delivering humanitarian aid to rebel
held areas. He reported that RUF is ready to allow humanitarian access,
but that security concerns will have to be properly addressed prior to any
such interventions.

b)  The Government has declared Freetown, Port Loko, Kenema and Pejehun
districts safe for people to return to, which launched the start of the
IDP resettlement plan. IDPs originating from the above locations will
receive WFP assistance for the next four months, after which time food aid
will be ceased. It is estimated that approximately 50 percent of the
57,000 IDPs in camps located in the western areas are coming from
districts now declared safe. WFP will, however, continue to support
war-effected communities through food-for-work and food-for-agriculture
activities.

c)  Lungi: WFP completed distribution of 225 tons of food to 15,998
returning refugees from Guinea, as part of the ongoing programme with
UNHCR to resettle them within host communities. In the last two weeks,
over 3,000 new returning refugees have arrived in Lungi from Guinea, with
UNHCR assistance.

d)  Port Loko: WFP completed a joint distribution for 20,000 IDPs with
Catholic Relief Services.

e)  Moyamba: WFP is planning to move its sub-office from Niti to Moyamba,
to cut down transport expenses and assist the growing demand of food aid
in the later area. The sub-office will serve all school feeding programmes
in Moyamba, and oversee food distributions for 18,000 IDPs in villages
surrounding Mile 91. In February, WFP is expected to take over from World
Vision all distributions for IDPs in these villages.

f)  Bo: A total of 45 tons of food was distributed to 4,107 patients in
supplementary and therapeutic feeding institutions run by Action Contre la
Faim (ACF) in Yonibana and Bo. According to ACF, malnutrition figures
remain high, mostly because the majority of the patients are IDPs coming
from RUF areas in search of food.

g)  Kenema : WFP completed a monitoring assessment of 41 schools in Kenema
district. The reopening of the roads between Kenema and rebel-held areas
led to a new influx of civilians, ensuing increased school admissions.


(3)  Liberia

a)  Thousands of Guineans fleeing hostilities in their country have sought
refuge in border towns in Liberia. More than 15,000 have arrived in Bong
county and northern Lofa county.



(C)  Horn of Africa

(1)  Kenya

a)  On 4 January, WFP's drought response EMOP in Kenya was extended until
the end of June and the beneficiary caseload increased by 1.1 million
people (from 3.3 to 4.4 million). The food requirement for the EMOP, from
January to June, is estimated at 326,496 tons, at a total cost of almost
USD 149 million. The EMOP will operate in 22 districts, covering 86
percent of the country's territory. The budget revision is due to two
years of drought that have affected four planting seasons and seriously
strained food security situation in the country.

b)  Worst-affected by the drought remain to be the pastoralists,
agro-pastoralists and marginal agricultural farmers in the Rift Valley,
North Eastern, Eastern and Coast Provinces of Kenya. Nutritional surveys
by UNICEF in these areas found the nutritional status of children under
five still critical, with acute global malnutrition affecting between
25-35 percent of the children. WFP will continue to provide vulnerable
groups with supplementary food, in addition to general rations and to
provide school children in drought-affected areas (ten districts) with
school lunch.

c)  Last food distribution was delayed in some districts due to the state
of the roads during the rains and the late arrival of some commodities at
Mombasa port. This distribution should be completed shortly. The January
distribution is expected to start around 22 January, and should be
completed before the end of the month. For this distribution, corn-soya
blend (CSB) is available only for the worst affected districts of Wajir,
Marsabit, Samburu and Turkana.

d)  Rapid assessments are scheduled to take place in a selected number of
districts from 15 January, to review the national level targeting by the
Kenya Food Security Steering Group (KFSSG). January is a good time to
review geographical targeting in view of the short rains that can affect
the conditions. The objective of the assessments is to update information
on food security situation in both, areas assisted through the EMOP and
other areas. The majority of the assessments will be field-based.

e)  Security incidents were reported in Garissa, Marsabit, Isiolo,
Turkana, Moyale and Mandera districts, but none included staff of WFP or
other relief agencies.


(2)  Eritrea

a)  Preliminary findings of the 2000/2001 Needs Assessment, implemented
jointly by the Government (ERREC), WFP and NGOs, indicate that food aid
will be needed by an increased number of people in Eritrea this year. It
is projected that the combined beneficiary caseload for war-affected and
drought-affected people will increase from 961,750 last year to 1,761,854,
with an increase in monthly food requirements from 17,168 tons to 19,072
tons. However, while last year all beneficiaries were targeted with full
food aid rations, this year individual rations will be reduced to cover
the proportion of food deficit, as found by the joint Needs Assessment.

b)  A total of 1,958 tons of food for the war-affected population and 64
tons of food for the drought-affected persons have been moved to various
distribution sites in the country during the week.

c)  WFP EMOP assisting war-affected persons is expecting to receive 15,729
tons of food this month and another 34,524 tons over the next three
months. Current stocks and these expected shipments should be sufficient
to meet distribution requirements until April, except for a shortfall of
137 tons of salt, starting in March. To cover this shortfall, WFP is
hoping to purchase the salt locally.

d)  The operation assisting drought-affected persons is expecting some
2,637 tons of food in January. Current stocks and expected shipments are
insufficient to meet the requirements until the end of the project in
April, particularly for cereals. Shortfalls of 9,201 tons of cereals are
projected to start in January and of 122 tons of pulses in April. It is
hoped that some new donor contributions will be pledged for the drought
operation soon, which would allow quick borrowings from the operation
assisting the war affected to cover the shortfall.

e)  It is expected that the draft of the UN Consolidated Appeal for
Eritrea will be completed at the country level by the end of this week and
submitted to OCHA Geneva next week.



(D) Angola

a)  The overall contributions towards the protracted relief and recover
operations (PRRO) in Angola remains slightly over at USD 120.3 million (58
percent of the total operational requirement). As a result, WFP expects a
major pipeline break for cereals at the beginning of March. WFP will most
likely have to review distribution plans for February, to compensate for
this break. WFP's food pipeline has also been facing shortfalls of CSB and
pulses. To address theses shortfalls, WFP, implementing partners and
donors have agreed to use CSB and sugar only in supplementary and
therapeutic feeding centres and target only the most vulnerable. Further
contributions for the PRRO are urgently needed.

b)  Benguela: Ministry of Social Assistance and Reintegration (MINARS) and
NGOs reported that 872 IDPs have arrived to Ganda area from the southern
municipalities of Ebanga, Chicuma, and Caconda (Huila) during December.
The IDPs will be assisted with WFP food.

c)  Bie: Some 52 tons of fish were distributed in Bie, to 34,374 IDPs from
Chinguar, N'harea and Kunhinga. Of the total 300 tons of dry fish bought
by WFP, 137 tons have been distributed.

d)  Huila: On 9 January, WFP, MINARS, and NGOs established in a meeting
that there is a food crisis in Kusse. WFP has subsequently agreed to
provide emergency aid for 15,000 people in Kusse, for 15 days, through a
community kitchen.

e)  Malange: Some 56 new IDPs arrived and are waiting official
registration by MINARS before receiving assistance from WFP. IDPs who
arrived to Cangandala earlier have already received emergency rations.

f)  Moxico: 115 new IDPs and 247 returnees from DR Congo arrived in Luena
last week.

g)  The provinces of Malange, Benguela, Huambo, Huila and Kuando Kubango
were visited in December for the Mid-Season Assessment being co-ordinated
by the WFP led "Vulnerability Assessment and Food Aid Working Group". The
Vulnerability Assessment, which is taking place during December and
January, will provide basis for planning the implementation of the
proposed new WFP strategy from May 2001. The new strategy is expected to
gradually restructure WFP operations from the current large-scale free
distributions into an operation which will have three components to be
used depending on the situation: (i) Emergency response via free
distributions for newly arrived IDPs and returnees (ii) Emergency recovery
via safety nets and (iii) Recovery and rehabilitation via food-for-work.



(E)  Great lakes Region

(1)  DR Congo

a)  WFP appealed for USD 112 million for its relief operations to feed
more than two million people in the increasingly volatile Democratic
Republic of Congo (DRC). The number of Congolese displaced from their
homes and consequently cut off from means of survival has skyrocketed from
750,000 in early 2000, to two million today.  In addition, the flow of
refugees entering DRC from neighbouring Angola is expected to increase
during the initial months of 2001.

b)  While statistics are difficult to confirm because of limited access
caused by heightened insecurity, officials estimate that more than half of
the infant mortality in DRC is associated with malnutrition. Recent
surveys conducted by non-governmental organisations show that up to 21
percent of the population is suffering from severe malnutrition in the
eastern province of North-Kivu.

c)  Humanitarian situation continued to deteriorate drastically last year
due to escalated fighting, particularly in rebel-held eastern DRC, where
civilians continue to be caught in the crossfire between warring factions.

d)  On top of the swelling numbers of Congolese war victims, an
intensified civil war in neighbouring Angola has forced tens of thousands
of civilians over the border in search of refuge and food in the southern
DRC provinces of Bas Congo, Bandundu and Katanga. At the present rate of
influxes, it is anticipated that the number of these Angolan refugees will
soar from 60,000 to 80,000 by the end of the first quarter of 2001.

e)  Further exacerbating the dismal situation, delivering food to the
needy Congolese and Angolan refugees in DRC has become increasingly
difficult. WFP is confronted with continuous obstacles resulting from a
crumbling national infrastructure and intense fighting. Problems such as
extreme fuel shortages, non-existent roads and fierce fighting across the
country are creating challenges in getting vital food rations to those who
need it


(2)  Tanzania

a)  WFP received information that Kagera Regional Commissioner has
verbally approved the possibility of agricultural activities for refugees
in Kitali camp. The Government and regional authorities have not yet sent
any official approval in this regard to UNHCR. If this materialised,
refugees would be allowed to cultivate various crops and fruits to
supplement food aid received from WFP. This would reduce their dependence
as well as the cost of WFP operation. Tree planting to conserve the
environment would also be given priority.

b)  Bi-weekly general food distribution for refugees was effected in all
camps during the last week. All food commodities were distributed at 80
percent of the full ration, while 2,878 extremely vulnerable individuals
received a full ration. A satisfactory distribution cycle was observed in
all locations. A total of 3,761 tons were distributed in Kasulu, Kigoma,
Kibondo, Ngara refugee camps. Additional 62 tons were distributed to
almost 20,000 most vulnerable refugees, enrolled in supplementary and
therapeutic feeding projects. Food was also given to newly arrived asylum
seekers and protection cases in Ngara, 14 tons.

c)  Arrival of 2,631 new asylum seekers was recorded during the past two
weeks, 1,498 persons from Burundi, 533 from DR Congo and 754 from Rwanda.

d)  The total number of all refugees in Tanzania, according to UNHCR, has
reached 509,265, while some 505,054 individuals were recorded during the
last food aid distribution.


(3)  Burundi

a)  WFP is concerned over the increasing malnutrition in Burundi. The
north-central province of Karuzi has been especially hard-hit in recent
months due to consecutive drought-induced poor harvests and a malaria
epidemic. An MSF Belgium nutritional survey conducted in November found
that 23 percent of the population in Karuzi were malnourished and 14
percent severely so.

b)  Across the country, WFP is providing food for 55,000 malnourished
people registered in nutritional feeding centres. In Karuzi, WFP has in
recent months doubled the quantity of food distributed in therapeutic and
supplementary feeding centres and in collaboration with UNICEF and MSF
Belgium, is now supporting some 15,000 malnourished people in the
province. WFP has also increased the food provision in the northern
province of Kayanza, which has seen a sharp rise in the number of
malnourished people.

c)  In response to the developing crises, WFP is launching a targeted
feeding program to help the most vulnerable families in Karuzi and Kayanza
provinces. The new program support families that already have a child or
other family member registered in a nutritional centre.

d)  WFP urgently needs in Burundi over 500 tons of vegetable oil, an
essential commodity for the porridge meal distributed in nutritional
centres.



(F)  Afghanistan

a)  WFP will help feed 60,000 newly arrived Afghan refugees in Pakistan in
2001, more than double the number of refugees it has been assisting six
months ago. WFP has been struggling to feed new Afghan refugees since late
September, when renewed fighting in the north-east took its toll on a
population already suffering from the worst drought to hit this country in
decades. Most refugees are from the northern provinces of Takhar, Baghlan
and Parwan, who fled fierce fighting between the Taliban and the
opposition Northern Alliance.

b)  WFP is already providing monthly food rations to about 57,000 refugees
in two refugee camps near Peshawar, Pakistan, and plans to continue the
operation for up to another 12 months. The new operation is expected to
bring more than 12,000 tons of food, at a total cost of USD 4.87 million.

c)  WFP has been working hard last year to stabilise the vulnerable
drought-hit communities inside Afghanistan, to avert massive migration of
people into neighbouring countries. It is currently providing food for
over 2.5 million Afghans on a regular basis, more than twice the number it
was assisting a year ago. WFP plans to distribute more than 20,000 tons of
food in Afghanistan per month.

d)  WFP estimates that up to 12 million Afghans, more than half of the
total population, are affected by the drought, 3-4 million severely. The
extremely low level of precipitation has destroyed almost all the rain-fed
crops putting the estimated cereal deficit at more than double that of the
previous year, itself a record shortfall.

e)  About 85 percent of Afghanistan's estimated 21.9 million people are
directly dependent on agriculture. With their crops ruined by the drought,
millions of Afghans will be forced to sell off the last of their livestock
to buy food. Purchasing power has already been eroded by mass
unemployment, a moribund economy and a 21-year civil war. It is expected
that under the deteriorating conditions faced by households in some of the
hardest hit areas many more people will be forced to move in order to
survive.

f)  WFP is also striving to continue its regular life-saving activities in
Afghanistan, which include the essential bakeries in Kabul and
Mazr-I-Sharif that feed over half a million people every day.



(G) Asia Floods

(1)  Laos

a)  The allocation of food aid to cover immediate shortages resulting from
the recent flood is well underway. The support is targeted to the most
vulnerable groups in the five most-affected provinces in central and
southern Laos. The initial supply of 2,931 tons of glutinous rice is
reaching an estimated 97,700 beneficiaries in as much as 265 different
villages. WFP hopes to resource a total of 8,160 tons of rice, of which
4,173 tons have already been confirmed.

b)  In the five provinces of Attapeu, Champassak, Savannakhet, Saravane
and Khammouane all the field preparations for the food distribution and
asset rehabilitation are currently being finalised. The distribution of
288 tons of rice in the Cmampassak province has been completed in two
districts, targeting a total of 10,943 beneficiaries. In the Kammouane
province, some 74 tons of rice have been delivered in three districts to
2,404 beneficiaries.

c)  A further 1,200 tons of rice have been purchased in Thailand and are
currently being delivered to the provinces of Savannakhet, Khammouane and
Champassak.


(2)  Bangladesh

a)  All flood shelters have closed down, and people living in these
shelters have returned to their home areas, in all affected districts.
However, the flood destroyed or seriously damaged most homesteads and
reconstruction of damaged houses has not made much progress yet. Many of
the flood-affected people are still living with very little shelter, in
improvised facilities. With the winter, the cold is adding serious
problems to the already precarious situation.

b)  Apart from shelter, blankets and clothing, there is also an acute
shortage of food in the flood-affected areas. The Government is
distributing rice, under a Vulnerable Groups Feeding programme (VGF) to
around 80 percent of the affected population, 10 kg per family per month.
The VGF programme is planned until the end of January, possibly longer,
but these food distributions seem to be far below the requirement. NGOs
are also distributing some food, but not in large quantities

c)  Emergency Operation of WFP is expected to become operational during
the first half of January. This EMOP, closely coordinated with Government
activities, is expected to cover the most difficult food shortage period
for the entire targeted population. Food rations consisting of 10 kg of
cereals, 2 kg of pulses and 1 litre of oil (per person per month) will be
distributed. In addition, young children and pregnant women will receive 3
kg of blended food per month. Schoolchildren will also benefit from daily
snack of biscuits.

d)  Some pockets of Satkhira district still have stagnant water. In most
flood-affected areas, employment opportunities in agriculture and rural
infrastructure are extremely limited.



(H) Russian Federation / Northern Caucasus

a)  During December, WFP distributions reached a record high, in both
Chechnya and Ingushetia, with 3,447 tons of food aid benefiting 254,333
people. This represented a 16.5 percent increase, from November (212,515
beneficiaries) and was mainly due to the inclusion of the vulnerable
people from Grozny rural region into WFP distributions and the launching
of food-for-work project in Grozny through Polish Humanitarian
Organisation (PHO).

b)  At the end of December, the total number of registered Chechen IDPs in
Ingushetia was 158,000. During that month, food aid provided by WFP
benefited 145,328 of them. Food was distributed with the implementing
assistance of Danish Refugee Council (DRC) who served 125,258
beneficiaries in Karabulak municipal district, Malgobek region, Nazran
municipal district and Sunzha region with 1,885 tons of food and Islamic
Relief who assisted 15,752 IDPs in Nazran region with 237 tons of food and
4,318 IDPs in "Alina" camp with 65 tons.

c)  Termination of complementary food distributions for IDPs in
Ingushetia, by the Government, provoked public unrest among IDPs in the
camps and spontaneous settlements of Karabulak municipal district. Some
20,000 people have reportedly been left without hot meals and bread and
this could create a worrying humanitarian situation with the coming
winter.

d)  About 600 tuberculosis and 500 hepatitis patients, many of them
children, have been recently hospitalised in Ingushetia. With the winter,
local hospitals have been crammed with IDPs suffering from various
inflammatory illnesses. The doctors are finding it difficult to cope with
the situation because of the poor medical equipment and availability of
medicines.

e)  People in Need Foundation (PINF) distributed 518 tons of WFP's food to
44,850 IDPs and vulnerable groups in Leninski, Oktyabrski and Zavodskoy
districts of Grozny, Chechnya. DRC distributed 202 tons of food to 17,530
IDPs and vulnerable persons in Staropromyslovski district of Grozny and
carried out, for the first time, a food distribution to 16,215
beneficiaries in Groznensky rural region, providing 187 tons. In the same
region, DRC also carried out a one-time distribution of 4.5 tons of high
energy biscuits for 7,000 beneficiaries. PHO distributed 114 tons of WFP's
food to 9,850 beneficiaries in Grozny through food-for-work and "Safe
Zones" programme, co-funded by UNICEF.

f)  Centre for Peace-making and Community Development (CPCD) carried out
food-for-work activities and institutional feeding in Achkhoy-Martan and
Urus-Martan districts of Chechnya. During December, they distributed 238
tons, or 20,560 food aid rations, to 19,660 families whose members
participated in food-for-work and 900 hospital patients.

g)  DRC has also been implementing regular food distributions in seven
districts of Chechnya: Shalinski, Kurchaloiski, Nadterechny, Gudermesski,
Vedenski, Achkhoy-Martanovski and Nozjai-Yurtovski, funded by ECHO, and
distributing food parcels to resident families in Groznenski rural region,
those who are not covered by WFP's distribution.

Note: All tonnage figures in this report refer to metric tons

(End WFP Emergency Report No 02)


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