WFP Emergency Report - 16: 20-Apr-01

WFP EMERGENCY REPORT Issued weekly by the United Nations World Food Programme Report No. 16 / 2001 - Date 20 April 2001

This report includes: (A) West and Central Asia (1) Afghanistan, (2) Pakistan, (3) Tajikistan, (4) Georgia (B) Horn of Africa: (1) Kenya, (2) Ethiopia, (3) Eritrea (C) West Africa Coastal: (1) Guinea, 2) Guinea-Bissau (D) Angola (E) FYR of Macedonia (F) East Timor (G) DPR Korea (H) Tanzania (I) Northern Caucasus (1) Ingushetia, (2) Chechnya >From Francesco Strippoli, Senior Humanitarian Adviser; available on the Internet on the WFP Home Page (www.wfp.org), or by e-mail from Zlatan.Milisic@wfp.org. For information on resources, donors are requested to contact Valerie.Sequeira@wfp.org at WFP Rome, telephone 39 06 6513 2009. Media queries should be directed to Trevor.Rowe@wfp.org, telephone 39 06 6513 2602. The address of WFP is Via Cesare Giulio Viola 68, Parco dei Medici, 00148 Rome, Italy. (A) West and Central Asia (1) Afghanistan, (2) Pakistan, (3) Tajikistan, (4) Georgia (1) Afghanistan a) WFP is screening the cases of 14,000 widows and children, who used to receive food aid from ICRC in Kabul City. Those found to fall within the criteria for WFP assistance will be included in the WFP Women's Bakery Project. b) WFP and FAO started collecting data for the Crop Assessment Survey in 10 districts in Badakhshan and Takhar provinces. It has been recognised that it is too early to make an accurate estimate of the harvest output, so further assessments will be carried out just before or during the harvest, in the late summer. c) WFP is preparing for a nutritional survey to be carried out this month in the north-eastern City of Faizabad by FOCUS and MSF nutritionists. The results of this survey will help update the information from the survey carried out by ACF last September and will help WFP in revising its programme in the region. d) About 27,000 school children in 50 schools throughout Badakhshan province are expected to benefit from the second phase of the Food For Education project, in the 2001 school year. The project has taken off in all of the five districts. Some 3,171 tons of wheat and 381 tons of vegetable oil will be distributed to the school children who would maintain a minimum of 22 school days a month. (2) Pakistan a) WFP is currently feeding over 65,700 Afghan refugees in New Shamshatoo and Akhora Khatok camps near Peshawar. The April cycle of food distribution in the camps is expected to be completed next week. Regular food distributions have helped maintain stable nutritional status of refugees in these camps. b) A more pressing issue remains the over 70,000 refugees who recently arrived from Afghanistan and are accommodated in Jaluzai make-shift camp near Peshawar. The Government of Pakistan is yet to recognise them as refugees before UNHCR can register them. A UN team met senior Government officials on 10 April and reiterated the request that UNHCR be allowed to undertake the registration in the Jaluzai camp. c) The refugees in Jaluzai camp have been receiving limited assistance and are in very bad conditions. UNHCR had provided them with 3,000 plastic sheets and MSF is planning to distribute another 10,000 pieces. Unusually heavy rains have contributed to the worsening of the already critical sanitary situation. A significant number of children are suffering from malnutrition and diarrhoea and dysentery cases are on a rise, according to MSF. d) MSF has started a supplementary feeding programme for 120 malnourished children in Jaluzai camp. Porridge of mixed wheat-soya blend, oil and sugar, supplied by WFP, is being served to the malnourished children. (3) Tajikistan a) WFP has observed that household food stocks are being depleted fast, forcing people to sell their assets - such as rooftops or livestock - and to leave their villages. WFP will closely monitor these alarming developments especially in the coming lean season period ? May to July. b) WFP started a pilot project this week in Gharm region to encourage school attendance by teachers and children, with particular emphasis on girls education. Gharm schools suffer from a very low rate of attendance. Girls, boys and teachers who attend school regularly will be given a monthly ration of cooking oil. c) WFP is likely to face a pipeline break due to a delayed arrival of 3,780 tons of wheat flour. Some 60 trucks carrying the wheat have been stranded in Turkmenistan, due to a dispute between forwarding agent and the railway authorities at the boarder. d) Around 61 percent of the EMOP food needs have been resourced. The total requirement is for 127,821 tons of food. (4) Georgia a) A total of 348,699 beneficiaries have been assisted with 4,645 tons of food commodities, since February. This represents 65 percent of the revised beneficiary figure of 540,300 (the original beneficiary figure was 696,000). The second round of distribution is expected to start early next month. b) Due to the political and socio-economic background of the country, there is a need to constantly discuss and inform population on the targeting criteria. WFP plans to continue intensive information campaign on the criteria for food assistance through the distribution of pamphlets to beneficiaries and announcement in the newspapers and local television stations. c) To date, total contributions of 28,009 tons of food have been confirmed by the donors for the WFP drought-response EMOP in Georgia. This represents 43 percent of the original total commitment (65,772 tons) and 77 percent of the revised food requirement (36,281 tons), with half ration having been distributed during the first round. Shortfalls of wheat flour and pulses are expected in June and July respectively. (B) Horn of Africa: (1) Kenya, (2) Ethiopia, (3) Eritrea (1) Kenya a) With the phasing out of general food distribution in six of the districts in the Eastern Province covered by the EMOP, the number of beneficiaries targeted by WFP has been reduced a month ago. It remains at 2.4 million beneficiaries for general distribution and 1.1 million for Expanded School Feeding Programme. The Expanded School Feeding Programme is still ongoing in the six districts of Kitui, Machakos, Makueni, Mwingi, Mbeere and Tharaka where general distribution has been discontinued. b) A meeting was held to review the action plans prepared for the six districts for the implementation of FFW projects. Four of the six districts presented tangible progress reports. Each district has identified an average of 20 projects. FFW projects are expected to benefit the most needy and vulnerable people, while facilitating rural development of wider communities. Distribution of FFW rations will use a similar community-based infrastructure as applied during the period of general distributions. c) Food distribution is in progress in 16 districts of Kenya. The delay in completion of March distribution is partly due to pipeline problems and the prevailing wet weather that is hampering transportation. The main concern, however, is the lack of vegetable oil in the food basket for most districts. A break in the food pipeline for WFP EMOP is likely if new contributions are not received soon. d) Highway banditry and rainfall have constrained food aid transportation, exposing relief convoys to risk. In Samburu district, four aid workers employed by a local NGO (SAIDIA) were ambushed by bandits and killed. They were travelling in a UN registered vehicle. The access road through the assault area has been banned for UN staff temporarily. Tribal conflict or tensions are reported in some other districts as well. In Tana River, they resulted in the suspension of food distribution. e) Some 42 humanitarian and development agencies in Kenya issued a joint statement in Nairobi on 11 April, appealing to donors to provide food aid. The agencies said that more than 4.4 million vulnerable people are faced with starvation due to the drought, while the international community is not responding adequately to appeals for food aid. f) The long-rains season has set in at last, with widespread rainfall being reported from most of the country. However, due to the uncharacteristic extension of the short rains in Eastern and Central Provinces, planting has been delayed significantly and the future food security of farm households in the marginal agricultural districts of Eastern Province is uncertain. g) Food security of the pastoralists remains precarious. The Arid Lands Resource Management Project (ALRMP) has indicated that the cumulative impact of poor rain seasons has undermined livestock production by reducing birth rates, lowering milk production and depressing animal prices. Subsequently, rates of child malnutrition increased in most pastoral districts during March. Livestock production has also been hampered by continual livestock banditry and clan conflict due to increased competition for scarce resources. Recovery will be dependent on favourable rainfall during the current long rains and subsequent seasons. An outbreak of Foot and Mouth disease was reported in Isiolo and likely to affect livestock in the neighbourhood EMOP districts. (2) Ethiopia a) Belg (short season) rains, which had improved significantly in amount and area covered in the second half of March, seem to be ceasing in some areas. National Meteorological Services Agency (NMSA) reported that during the first half of April most parts of SNNPR, western Amhara and some pocket areas of western Oromiya received normal to above normal rainfall while the rest of the country received below normal rainfall. Reduced rainfall over most belg producing areas could result in negative impact on the development of crops, as well as availability of pasture and drinking water. Two missions, one in late March and one in early April visited the belg producing areas of South Tigray, North/South Wello and North/Northwest Shoa reported that the belg rains were late by two weeks to two months. b) Further discussions have been held among donors about the local market situation of cereals. The significant decrease in the cereal price has become a major concern to all stakeholders. However, food aid imports and distributions are not considered to be contributing to depressed market prices because the population receiving food aid are different from that producing and marketing maize. The two are also geographically separate and many markets are not integrated. c) The UN Country Team in Ethiopia, in a special alert message, called on the donor community to provide 3.7 million doses of vaccines to combat the spread of the meningitis epidemic. The team warned that Ethiopia will face a major meningitis epidemic unless international donors meet the current shortfall of vaccines. (3) Eritrea a) During the first 16 days of April, the Government partner in food distributions (ERREC) reported distribution of 4,525 tons of WFP-supplied food to 303,448 beneficiaries in Eritrea. WFP staff monitored directly over half of the distributions, in Debub, Anseba and Northern Red Sea Regions. WFP continues to liaise with ERREC to improve communication and coordination regarding the distribution schedule. Distributions were delayed in some regions due to fragmented deliveries and remoteness of IDP villages. b) WFP conducted Post Distribution Monitoring in Dighe sub-zones of the Gash Barka region, where a total of 456 tons of food were distributed to 26,950 beneficiaries. c) A rapid assessment was carried out by UNDP, UNICEF, OCHA and the Government in the Temporary Security Zone (TSZ). The team indicated that water would be the most critical resource required. Food needs of the IDPs who are expected to return to the TSZ have already been included in the WFP EMOP for war affected population. WFP has supplied ICRC with 900 tons of cereals to be distributed to residents and returning IDPs in the TSZ. With the return of the population to the area, WFP will jointly with ERREC plan and carry out distributions to the returning IDPs. d) WFP and UNHCR met on 5 April to brief agencies operating in the Gash Barka region on the planned repatriation of Eritrean refugees from Sudan. According to UNHCR, 62,000 refugees are expected to be repatriated in May. Pre-repatriation campaigns have started, including registration of refugees. The refugees who are mostly from the Gash Barka region will receive food rations from WFP and a resettlement package from UNHCR before returning to their areas of origin. e) WFP's in-country food stocks and expected arrivals for the drought-response EMOP amount to 39,870 tons and should be adequate to cover the requirements for three months. For the EMOP assisting the war-affected population, a total of 2,255 tons available would cover the needs for one month only. (C) West Africa Coastal: (1) Guinea, 2) Guinea-Bissau (1) Guinea a) WFP completed a delivery of food to 25,000 refugees stranded by fighting, in the Kolomba camp in the so-called Parrot's Beak area. Despite recent improvements, the security situation in the area remains fragile, with limited access for UN humanitarian workers. An estimated 50,000 refugees are in the Parrot's Beak, but UN agencies are trying to relocate them further from fighting. The main concerns for WFP are the security situation in the Beak and adjoining areas and logistics, given the fact that roads become impassable during the rainy season, expected to begin around June. b) Despite fighting between rebels and the Guinean Army in the Parrot Beak, the security situation has stabilised during the last 2 weeks. The food distribution to the Languette was restarted on 5 April, but the region remains inaccessible fur UN staff. There are regular convoys to Kolomba with military escort, where the distribution is done the same day. c) As of the 18 April, WFP assisted 171,701 persons under the EMOP assisting population affected by the conflict, in collaboration with ICRC and Premiere Urgence. d) Some 17,414 refugees received WFP-supplied food from Premiere Urgence in the camps of Kolamba, Katkama and Boreya this week. The transfer of refugees to the new camp of Sembakounya has started, but only 103 refugees were moved as the others seem reluctant. A sensitisation campaign is underway. The transfer of around 6,000 refugees from the camps of Forecariah is planned to start on 23 April and take two months. e) Food distribution in the camp of Kouankan was planned to start on 18 April, in favour of 13,500 recently registered refugees. The preparation for the relocation of refugees trapped in the Parrot's Beak is still underway. f) The current number of refugees in the transit camp in Conakry is 4,667 persons. Some 701 have departed for Sierra Leone last week and 794 new arrivals registered. (2) Guinea Bissau a) During the last two weeks, the security situation remained very volatile. Skirmishes along the border in Varela, involving human casualties, were reported. b) According to the Government sources no funds will be available in a near future to pay state salaries, unless bilateral donors provide financial assistance. Serious social unrest might occur and undermine the security. c) During March, WFP assisted 89,014 beneficiaries (51,136 female), with 415 tons of food. This included the assistance to 52,253 students (36 percent are girls) in 431 schools through the school feeding project. WFP started the distribution of kitchen utensils donated by UNICEF in schools of eastern and southern regions. d) In the eastern region of Bafata, WFP did a nutritional screening of 60 pupils, of whom 50 percent were found moderately malnourished. A modification of the ration and a close monitoring were recommended. e) Therapeutic Feeding Programme is on-going in seven centres in the eastern and southern regions, targeting 1,517 malnourished children and pregnant women. (D) Angola a) During the week, the security situation remained unstable in most provinces. Arrivals of new IDPs were reported in the provinces of Bengo, Bie, Kwanza Norte, Lunda Sul, Malange and Moxico. Intense fighting was reported in the municipalities of Camabatela and Samba-Caju Kwanza Norte province. As a result, many IDPs from Samba-Caju arrived in Lucala. Their numbers could not be fully verified due to insecurity in the area. It is hoped that the IDPs will be able to reach Ndalatando, where WFP has made preparations for their arrival. Due to security reasons, food distribution in Lucala during April is unlikely. b) An inter-agency team (OCHA, WFP, UNICEF) visited Dombe Grande to assess the humanitarian situation following reports of flooding in Luacho and Senje. Unfortunately the team was unable to reach the flooded areas. There are plans to send the team into Luacho and Senje on foot. Provincial authorities are making efforts to charter a helicopter to rescue people living in the flooded areas. ADRA has been requested to registrar families who have lost their houses in the village of Dombe Grande. Assess to the area has become further hampered by the attack that took place later in the week. c) A joint mission involving OCHA, UNICEF, WFP, WHO, MSF-S, NRC, ACCORD and UTCAH visited Namibe town to make a rapid assessment of relief needs following the flooding. WFP, MINARS and NRC began registering the affected population on 16 April, which will be followed by an immediate food aid distribution. It is estimated that at least 10,000 people will require food relief. Emergency assistance to the flood victims is initially foreseen as necessary for a period of two months. d) As a result of the floods in Benguela, Huila, Namibe and Cunene the UN Humanitarian Coordinator (a.i.) has issued a press statement expressing concern over the humanitarian situation and asking for urgent donor contributions. e) WFP observed a significant increase in the number of severely malnourished children arriving at the therapeutic feeding centre run by MSF in Kuito. As of 14 April, the number had reached nearly 400, and some of the children are in a critical stage. f) Of the 5,500 IDPs from Malange in Viana, who have been there for more than two years, 380 were supposed to be moved to the area of Irmao Coragem, located 8 km away and resettled. This resettlement operation, which began in February, has become paralysed by the heavy rains that have fallen this week in Luanda. It has been reported that almost all houses constructed for the re-settlement of the IDPs from Viana have been destroyed by the rains. g) In response to a nutritional screening carried out at the Kanhengue camp in Moxico province by MSF-B, in collaboration with the Department of Public Health, a new community kitchen will be opened at the Kanhengue camp shortly. Some 160 children found o be at risk during screening will be included in this feeding project. h) The verification and registration of IDPs who have arrived to Luena since October, at the Cawango, Catocola and Kanhengue camps, was completed this week by an inter-agency team involving WFP. Some 1,821 new IDPs were registered, bringing the total to 9,020 IDPs. i) Two new contributions have been received towards the WFP PRRO in Angola. Contributions to the new WFP PRRO, including carry-over stocks, are at 20 percent of the required funding. (E) FYR of Macedonia a) The security situation throughout the country remained relatively calm. Government security operations in the eastern area of the Crna Gora region have been significantly reduced. However, the presence of police and army remains significant in the area of Tetovo, in a continuing effort to deter further outbreaks of violence. b) The situation in Tetovo is getting back to normal. Vast majority of the population that had left for temporary refuge within the country during the insecurity period have returned. In the surrounding villages, people reportedly continue to fear threats of further Government interventions. c) Whilst there has been a return to relative stability in the Crna Gora Mountains, attempts by some of the former inhabitants to return may prove difficult. Assessment teams in the area have noted that there have been considerable damages in some settlements. Schools have been completely destroyed and all poles supporting power lines demolished. d) ICRC continues to provide food assistance to approximately 1,400 IDPs who fled the mountain villages in the Crna Gora region and to approximately 1,000 IDPs from the villages in the hills above Tetovo. Isolation and lack of access to these areas prevent both groups from returning to their villages. e) The UN Country Team (CT) in FYR of Macedonia has officially received from UN DPA terms of reference for the preparation of a UN pre-conflict peace building strategy. In that respect, two experts contracted by UNDP will work closely with the UNCT to formalise this strategy. WFP and its partners will jointly define a strategy to link food aid with confidence building and reduction of social and economic hardship. (F) East Timor a) The security situation remains stable and no further incidents have been reported after the attacks on the UN peace-keepers and villages that occurred on 2 April along the border. b) On 9 and 10 April, WFP delivered 84 tons of food to Oecussi (Ambeno enclave). In addition, 5 tons of maize were airlifted to Betano (Manufahi district). WFP deliveries continued as planned. c) Some 151 East Timorese refugees returned from West Timor since the beginning of April. This represents a significant decrease compared to the peak of 600 to 700 returns per week reached in March. A UNTAET/PKF/UNHCR/IOM mission visited West Timor refugee camps from 8 to 15 April, in an effort to share with refugee leaders and local authorities information on the current situation in East Timor and to encourage refugees to return. d) A shipment of 366 Tons of WFP beans arrived from Burma on April 11. This was the last shipment of food in the WFP pipeline. (G) DPR Korea a) The lean season, marked by depletion of household food stocks and reduction of the food quantities supplied by the public distribution system, began earlier this year as harvest cereals had been distributed by the end of January. In March, the ration given by the Government system was reduced to 200g per person per day. The distributions will continue through April but are expected to end in early May. b) During March, WFP has received a US contributions of 30,000 tons of wheat and 10,000 tons of beans, at a total operational value of USD 10.9 million. However, the overall shortfall to meet the WFP emergency operation plans for this year remains at 43 percent, equivalent to 349,370 tons. Stocks of oil and pulses in nurseries and kindergartens will last until the end of April. The orphanages, that are considered more vulnerable, are supplied until the end of July. c) Some 20,000 tons of cereals were allocated to food for work (FFW) projects in March. Distributions for the lean season have started in four provinces along the east coast covering, in addition to assistance to core beneficiary groups, such as teachers, paediatric hospital staff, elderly people and persons affected by tropical storms last year. d) Following the assessment of FFW projects over the past two months by WFP, the Project Review Committee approved 151 projects which will require more than 60,000 tons of food. Monitoring will begin soon, with priority given to reforestation projects that have an earlier completion date. e) WFP met with the NGO Triangle to discuss the possibility of joint agro-forestry projects in South Pyongan. The projects would involve terracing, planting activities and nursery rehabilitation support. Meetings were also held with IFAD representatives who met with the Government to discuss the modalities for an Upland Food Security Project, which is scheduled to begin during the second half of 2001. f) WFP opened new corn soya blend factories in the east-coast city of Chongjin and in Hamhung. This brings the total number of WFP-sponsored local food production facilities in DPR Korea to eleven. Following a meeting between WFP, UNICEF and the Government, the production has increased significantly in most facilities. g) At the end of March, fields began to be prepared for double cropping. Maize and wheat are sown and harvested before the rice planting which takes place in June. Workers are constructing and fencing seed nurseries. The planting of the potato crop was well under way by the end of the March. Potatoes, which are ideal to be grown in the more mountainous areas are a fairly new crop. h) WFP carried out 237 monitoring visits during March, including meetings with households benefiting from WFP assistance and visits to hospitals. Medical staff reported that diseases related to lack of food have reduced considerably and that malnutrition is mainly caused by diarrhoea. WFP undertook a needs assessment in paediatric hospitals with the aim of starting nutritional rehabilitation programmes for severely malnourished children. (H) Tanzania a) Apart from an isolated incident in Nduta refugee camp, the security situation in all camps is reported calm. b) Based on the food pipeline situation, WFP announced a reduction of CSB ration to 50 percent of the full ration for the three next distribution cycles. However, WFP will raise the cereals ration from 80 to 85 percent. Special feeding programme rations will not be reduced. c) WFP completed the general two-week food distribution in all camps at the end of March, at 80 percent ration of all items except for CSB (50 percent) and cereals (85 percent). A full ration was distributed to 5,555 most vulnerable individuals; 1,365 in Ngara, 1,328 in Lugufu, 1,886 in Kasulu and 976 in Kibondo. d) Some 98 repatriating Rwandese refugees were assisted in early April, bringing the total number of those assisted during this year to 1,039. e) A meeting between UNHCR and WFP was held in Kigoma, regarding registration and verification of refugees. The meeting was also attended by UNICEF and MHA. The objective is to review and improve the registration system in place on the basis of lessons learnt. No final decisions have been reached and the discussions continue. (I) Northern Caucasus (1) Ingushetia, (2) Chechnya (1) Ingushetia a) Donor missions that visited IDP camps in Ingushetia reported normalisation of the situation there. Close monitoring of the situation in the IDP camps was recommended, in view of the Government plan to distribute food to about 50,000 IDPs at the beginning of May. WFP, in consultation with NGO partners, is in regular contacts with the Government of the Republic, to ensure that adequate food assistance is provided to all registered IDPs in Ingushetia. b) According to UNHCR, there was a net increase of about 6,000 IDPs in Ingushetia, who arrived from Chechnya during the period September to February. However, the trend seems to have been reversing in March, with 437 persons reported returning from Ingushetia to Chechnya, compared to 390 new IDPs from Chechnya to Ingushetia. c) Due to food pipeline problems, distribution of WFP food rations started late this month. About 33,000 IDPs who had received only wheat flour in March through DRC were provided with sugar and salt. The remaining 124,000 IDPs will be provided with all three food items. WFP plans to carry out one distribution cycle for March and April. d) WFP conducted a survey from 9 to 13 April, to identify coping mechanisms that enabled IDPs in Ingushetia to sustain themselves without receiving WFP food assistance in March. The survey covered seven districts of Ingushetia and 164 households were interviewed. Some 70 percent of the respondents said that they had to sell their belongings in order to purchase food. Others borrowed money or relied on other sources of food aid (EMERCOM, ICRC, DRC and Kuwaiti NGO). Some IDPs sought casual labour and petty trade opportunities. All respondents expressed unwillingness to return to Chechnya until the security situation improves, even if humanitarian aid was provided in their place of origin. (2) Chechnya a) A UN inter-agency security assessment mission composed of UNSECOORD, UNHCR, UNICEF and WFP visited northern Caucasus, including Grozny and Gudermes, from 7 to 12 April. The mission did not observe any considerable changes in the situation since the last mission, a year ago. b) The humanitarian situation in Chechnya continues to deteriorate. In order to better allocate limited food aid resources and target the most vulnerable people in Grozny, UNHCR, WFP and DRC are planning to conduct a household survey, covering about 16-20,000 families. c) No WFP food commodities have been dispatched to Chechnya due to food pipeline problems. A delivery plan has been drawn for distribution of 1,084 tons through DRC and People in Need Foundation (PINF), to cover needs of 76,000 beneficiaries in Grozny city and rural area. Depending on the availability of food supplies, WFP plans to allocate food rations for 32,000 beneficiaries in Achkoy-Martan district in April. The next food convoy is expected to leave on 17 April for Grozny. d) Donors have so far pledged a total of about USD 4.3 million (18 percent of the total requirement) to WFP for the current emergency operation in the Northern Caucasus. Note: All tonnage figures in this report refer to metric tons (End WFP Emergency Report No 16) distributed by - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Center for International Disaster Information Volunteers in Technical Assistance web: www.cidi.org listserv: www.cidi.org/listsub.htm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - World Food Program Reports www.cidi.org/humanitarian/wfp