World Food Programme Emergency Report 2004
Issued Weekly by the United Nations World Food Programme
Report No. 41 of 8 October


(A) Highlights
(B) Middle East, Central Asia and Eastern Europe:  (1)  Afghanistan,
     (2) Occupied Palestinian Territories, (3)  Russian Federation
(C) East and Central Africa: East and Central Africa: (1)  Burundi,
     (2) Djibouti, (3) DR Congo, (4) Ethiopia, (5)  Republic of Congo,
     (6) Rwanda, (7) Somalia, (8)  Sudan, (9) Uganda
(D) West Africa:  (1)  Sahel region, (2)  Chad, (3) Cote d'Ivoire,
     (4) Liberia, (5) Sierra Leone
(E) Southern Africa:  (1)  Regional, (2)  Lesotho, (3)  Madagascar,
     (4) Malawi, (5) Mozambique, (6) Swaziland, (7) Zimbabwe
(F) Asia: (1) Bangladesh, (2) DPR Korea, (3) Myanmar
(G) Latin America and the Caribbean:  (1) Bolivia, (2) Colombia,
     (3) Cuba, (4) Guatemala, (5) Haiti, (6) Nicaragua


>From David Kaatrud, Director of the Analysis, Assessment and Preparedness
Service (ODA).  Available on the Internet on the WFP Home Page
(www.wfp.org), or by e-mail from Carlo.Scaramella@wfp.org, Chief of the
Emergency Preparedness and Response Unit (OEP).  For information on
resources, donors are requested to contact Valerie.Sequeira@wfp.org at WFP
Rome, telephone +39 06 6513 2009. Media queries should be directed to
Brenda.Barton@wfp.org, telephone +39 06 6513 2602. The address of WFP is
Via Cesare Giulio Viola 68, Parco dei Medici, 00148 Rome, Italy.


A)  Highlights

- WFP fed more than 1.3 million people in the Sudan's Darfur region in
September, exceeding its own target of 1.2 million and recording its
largest food distribution since the humanitarian crisis began.

- Paralysis of the port of Haiti's capital impedes dispatches of food to
flood affected Gonaives; if the problem is not resolved soon, there will
be no more food to distribute.

- Due to heightened insecurity, UN Common Air Service between Somalia and
Kenya has been suspended, affecting humanitarian operations such as relief
food distribution and school feeding activities.

- At a ceremony in Liberia on 5 October, WFP announced the opening of
seven additional offices throughout Liberia.



B)  Middle East, Central Asia and Eastern Europe: (1) Afghanistan, (2)
Occupied Palestinian Territories, (3) Russian Federation

1)  Afghanistan

(a)  The security situation continued unstable during the week, with
incidents of improvised explosive devices, rockets, landmines and ambushes
targeting the government, coalition forces, aid workers and electoral
staff. On 6th October in the northern town of Fayz Abad, an improvised
explosive device(IED) exploded, injuring the governor and the deputy
governor of Badakhshan province and killing two persons, including a
former governor of Baghlan province. In the east, a Joint Electoral
Management Body (JEMB) vehicle was hit by an IED in Nangarhar on 30
September, causing no injuries.

(b)  From 30 September to 6 October, over 735,825 beneficiaries received
more than 3,390 tons of food.

(c)  In Fayz Abad, the Department of Education (DoE) carried out an
evaluation workshop on 30 September with participation from the Department
of Health, WHO, UNICEF and WFP to assess impacts of the first phase of the
deworming campaign completed in August this year. During the first phase,
some 4.5 million primary school-age children (six-to-twelve year olds)
were treated. The campaign aims to reduce child diseases, improve
children's physical and intellectual growth and ensure the effectiveness
of school feeding activities.

(d)  As part of the government capacity building initiative, 14 staff of
the Department of Education (DoE) received training in monitoring and
evaluation, reporting and logistics in Kandahar on 4 October.

(e)  Departments of Planning and Rural Rehabilitation and Development,
WHO, IOM and WFP carried out a joint assessment in Mazari Sharif on 30
September, to identify basic needs of some 500 newly-returned refugee
families from Iran and Pakistan. The assessment reveals that these
refugees have no proper shelter, are food insecure and have no access to
clean drinking water. The partners agreed to provide immediate food
assistance to meet their short-term needs and to launch food-for-work
(FFW) interventions to support their sustainable resettlement.


2)  Occupied Palestinian Territories

(a)  WFP and 11 other UN agencies working in Gaza stated that the ongoing
violence on top of the sharply deteriorating humanitarian situation this
year is pushing the Palestinian population into a deep crisis. They voiced
their serious concern about the ability of the population to cope.

(b)  Since 28 September, 82 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza
including 24 children; 5 Israelis have been killed including 2 children.
During 2004, approximately 45 Palestinians have been killed each month in
Gaza and poverty rates are predicted to rise to 72 percent. At the same
time, Israel Defense Force movement restrictions have prevented effective
delivery of humanitarian aid.

(c)  In their statement, The UN agencies call on Israel to guarantee
humanitarian agencies unrestricted and secure access into Gaza for both
personnel and relief supplies; ensure the free movement of humanitarian
goods and personnel within the Gaza Strip; and to respect its obligations
under international humanitarian law by ensuring the safety of the
Palestinian civilian population.


3)  Russian Federation

(a)  Through intensification of security measures in the whole republic by
local law enforcement structures in cooperation with Federal troops,
Chechnya was preparing for the inauguration on 5 October of the newly
elected president Alu Alkhanov. Additional checkpoints were established in
Grozny and patrolling has been conducted at night.

(b)  A steady return of IDP population from Ingushetia to Chechnya
continued. According to the Danish Refugee Council (DRC), at the 30
September in Ingushetia there were some 43,135 IDPs from Chechnya (which
is about 23,865 persons less than in January this year), of whom 16,720
were in spontaneous settlements and some 26,415 in private accommodation.
According to the DRC, the number of families who returned from Ingushetia
to Chechnya in September was about 265 (some 1,380 persons). Some 65 of
these families received box-tents from UNHCR.

(c)  During the period of 16 to 30 September, about 90,630 vulnerable
persons received nearly 955 tons of WFP supplied food aid through relief
distribution. WFP cooperating partners distributed about 470 tons to
41,980 Chechen IDPs in Ingushetia and about 485 tons to 48,650 household
members in Grozny Rural, Achkoi-Martan and Sunzha districts of Chechnya.

(d)  WFP through cooperating partners DRC, Caritas International, Center
for Peacekeeping and Community Development (CPCD), Hilfswerk Austria
(HWA), Islamic Relief (IR), Open Continent (OC), People in Need (PIN) and
World Vision in the Russian Federation (WVRF), continued the school
feeding programme.

(e)  In total WFP cooperating partners distributed over 645 tons of food
through the school feeding programme which in September was assisting
about 74,755 children in nine districts of Chechnya. Four new preschool
institutions were included in the programme at the request of the Ministry
of Education. In October, WFP plans to include 84 pre- and primary schools
(some 5,600 children) in the Vedeno and Nozha-Yurt Districts, where the
programme will be implemented by WVRF.

(f)  In September, WFP's main partner in the food-for-work (FFW) programme
in Chechnya, PIN, distributed about 365 tons of food commodities to some
2,540 participants (12,695 beneficiaries), who participated in the
programme in August. PIN continued FFW projects which were mainly focused
on environmental improvement with about 2,700 participants (representing
13,500 beneficiaries) implementing the activities in Chechnya.

(g)  In September a pilot food-for-training (FFT) project was continued by
a new WFP cooperating partner, the local NGO Women's Dignity. Its
objective is to provide support to women who have experienced
psychological trauma and who are also economically underprivileged.
WFP-supplied food will be provided to 60 women after they have completed
the full course.

(h)  In September WHO, WFP's partner in the TB programme in Ingushetia,
and MSF?Holland in Chechnya continued assisting in- and out patients in TB
hospitals of both republics. In total the project covered over 360
patients. Six tons of food commodities were provided.

(i)  Caritas International continued providing hot meals to the most
vulnerable population (newly increased to 1,600 beneficiaries with the
inclusion of a further 100 beneficiaries from an Association for the
Blind) in Grozny city. In September WFP released some 13 tons of food
commodities to support this project. On 24 September WFP conducted a
mission to Grozny and Grozny-Rural district to assess the new targeting
system applied for the July distribution. Even though there were some
problems with registration, the overall targeting proved to be
satisfactory.



C)  East and Central Africa: (1) Burundi, (2) Djibouti, (3) DR Congo, (4)
Ethiopia, (5) Republic of Congo, (6) Rwanda, (7) Somalia, (8) Sudan, (9)
Uganda

1)  Burundi

(a)  Last week, insecurity continued to be reported in some areas of
Bujumbura Rural province, where reportedly the national army and Force
pour la Defense de la Democratie carried out joint mopping-up operations
to dislodge the Front for National Liberation (FNL) rebels.

(b)  The transfer of Congolese refugees has continued. Around one thousand
refugees have so far been relocated from Cibitoke province to Mwaro while
over a thousand others preferred to return to DRC or move on to Rwanda.
Karurama transit site is due for closure and the remaining 500 refugees
will be transferred. WFP remains in contact with UNHCR for any necessary
intervention.

(c)  Between 27 September and 3 October, WFP distributed a total of 1,630
tons of food aid to approximately 169,000 beneficiaries through different
programme activities.

(d)  Provision of wet feeding rations in the returnee transit centres and
the temporary site for most vulnerable IDPs in Kabezi (Bujumbura Rural)
continued.

(e)  The distribution of the Seeds Protection Rations (SPR) also continued
as planned. Over 82,000 beneficiaries received the 20-day rations in
Bubanza, Gitega and Kirundo provinces. The operation is somehow
constrained by the slow arrival of food commodities to the country from
regional stocks.

(f)  Pipeline breaks for cereals, pulses and CSB are expected in the
coming months, starting in November. Loan procedures are being arranged to
obtain 2,500 tons of cereals and 150 tons of pulses from Tanzania. The
loans and anticipated quick purchases and delivery of food commodities
following recent donor contributions are expected to reduce impact of some
pipeline breaks. Further measures are currently being pursued.


2)  Djibouti

(a)  The 13th Convoy of the ongoing voluntary repatriation phase of
refugees originating from Somaliland left Djibouti on 6 October.  All 606
refugees (144 families), comprising of 212 refugees (55 families) from
Holl Holl refugee camp and 394 refugees (89 families) from Ali Addeh
refugee camp, were repatriated to Borama in Somaliland.  WFP provided all
refugees with a nine-month food package.

(b)  Due to the celebration of the Muslim Holy Month of Ramadan, starting
in mid-October, the repatriation exercise will be temporary suspended.
The next convoy is scheduled to depart on 24 November. Since the start of
the voluntary repatriation phase in February this year, some 7,575
refugees have been repatriated. As of 6 October, the refugee caseload in
the three camps stands at 18,668 refugees, out of which approximately
13,500 refugees originate from Somaliland.


3)  D.R. Congo

(a)  During last week, the eastern part of the country was characterized
by rising tension. During the night of 2 October, a WHO staff member was
murdered in Goma. In Uvira, a small town facing Bujumbura (Burundi), the
repatriation of Congolese refugees from the Gatumba camp (Burundi) was
hindered by riots.  The local population ransacked the site originally
identified as a temporary refuge for the returning group.

4)  Ethiopia

(a)  The Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (DPPC) on 28
September released the findings of a mid-season assessment of the main or
Meher season in late August. The report of the assessment, which includes
contingency planning estimates for next year, is entitled "Food Supply
Prospect Based on Different Types of Scenarios in 2005". The estimated
number of beneficiaries in need of emergency assistance due to adverse
rains in some parts of the country is additional to those in need of
assistance due to chronic food insecurity, who make up the 5.1 million
planned beneficiaries under the Government's Safety Net Program, due to be
in place at the start of 2005. The DPPC report estimates that under the
most probable case scenario there will be 3.7 million emergency
beneficiaries. Thus according to the most probable scenario, an estimated
8.8 million people will need assistance through a combination of Safety
Net and "emergency" activities. Final figures for 2005 will depend on the
results of the November pre-harvest Meher assessment.

(b)  The report gives conditions at the time of the assessment, per
region. In cropping areas of the country, factors negatively affecting
Meher prospects in Tigray region include long dry spells lasting for three
to seven weeks. These were experienced in many parts of Southern and
Central Tigray zones, and all of Eastern Tigray zone. In Amhara region,
Meher season rain was timely in most areas, leading to better crop
prospects than recent years in much of the region. However, an extended
dry spell was reported in the month of May in almost all zones of the
region, and as a result, a shift was made from long cycle (e.g. sorghum
and maize) to short cycle (e.g. wheat and teff) crops in several zones. In
Oromiya region, in the western and northern zones, and elsewhere in
highland and midland areas of the region, crops performed well due to good
Meher rains and good production is expected. However, late and erratic
rains combined with a long dry spell in the eastern and central parts of
the region (East and West Hararghe, East Shoa and Arsi) resulted in a loss
of crop production. Total crop failure is expected in some lowland areas
of these zones. Late on-set of rain was recorded in Southern Nations,
Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR), followed by uneven distribution.
Lowland areas were especially affected, and the long-cycle crop of maize
has failed in many areas. However, the Meher rainy season lasts longer in
SNNPR than elsewhere, and predictions about the performance of short cycle
crops will need to wait until later in the season.

(c)  In pastoral areas, the assessment teams confirmed other reports from
Somali Region, i.e. that the food security situation in most parts of the
Region (especially in the seven zones receiving Deyr rains in
October/November) is below normal to poor, with the situation in some
districts considered as a near-emergency. The main reasons for the poor
food security situation are the poor performance of the Deyr rains in
2003, the poor Gu rains in April/May this year, and market-related
problems. In Afar region, the onset of Karama rains (July-September) was
delayed by one month throughout the region, its distribution was erratic
and the amount was insufficient to regenerate pasture and replenish water
sources. Some areas have been hit harder than others, especially the
northern zones of the region. The performance of the main rainy season in
Borena Zone, normally occurring between mid-March and mid-May, was
seriously affected by delayed onset, erratic distribution and insufficient
amounts. Shortage of pasture and water was already being experienced at
the time of the assessment, resulting in the large movement of herds and
families starting in April, earlier than the normal time. Livestock
condition was of concern in Borena, and improvement will depend on a good
performance of the next rains in this part of the country, which were due
to start in mid-September and extend up to mid-November. The food security
situation in South Omo of SNNPR is not promising, and shortage of pasture
and drinking water for livestock has been reported over most parts of the
zone.


5)  Republic of Congo (RoC)

(a)  Field work on the Enhanced Commitment to Women (ECW) baseline survey
commenced on 1 October. The field work followed a three-day training
delivered by WFP to 9 enumerators identified to undertake the survey. The
baseline survey will form the basis for the continuous monitoring of the
implementation of WFP's Gender Policy 2003-2007.


6)  Rwanda

(a)  The security situation in all camps in Rwanda remained calm during
the week. A total of 996 Congolese refugees crossed from Burundi into
Rwanda via the Bugarama border in Cyangugu province, in the southwest of
the country. Reports indicate that the Congolese refugees were reluctant
to relocate from Karurama camp in Burundi to another site and consequently
decided to come to Rwanda.

(b)  The new caseload is now hosted at Cyangugu refugee camp.  WFP
assisted them with a 7-day food ration; approximately 3.4 tons of assorted
food commodities were distributed. This now brings the total number of
refugees in Cyangugu refugee camp to 2,880 people. Since the onset of the
conflict in Bukavu in late May 2004, WFP has distributed a total of 147
tons of various food commodities.

(c)  Also an influx of Burundian refugees took place during the past week;
over 240 Burundian people were received in Gikonko district at Mamba and
Nyamure sites. The influx continues at a rate of 15 people per day.
Another group of 155 Burundian refugees also crossed into Rwanda via
Ngenda district in Bugesera. WFP assisted the refugees with BP 5 biscuits
followed by a 7-day food ration a day later.  The Ministry of Local
Government together with UNHCR is planning to move all Burundian refugees
to Kigeme refugee camp in Gikongoro province where another 764 Burundian
refugees are currently being hosted.


7)  Somalia

(a)  Humanitarian organizations still face and operate in a varying degree
of unstable social, political and economic environment. In the northern
parts, boundary disputes remain tense between the self-declared republic
of Somaliland and the autonomous state of Puntland. In the south, large
concentrations of armed militias in Kismayo Port city and along major
roads have inhibited accessibility to the vulnerable communities
especially in lower Juba Valley. On 5 October, a WFP food convoy was
ambushed in Hiran region and later released. Middle Shabelle
administration provided security for WFP's convoy. Skirmishes involving
various armed militias have been reported in Las Anod in the northwest, in
Bossaso in the Northeast and in Kismayo in the south of the Country.

(b)  UN Common Air Service (UNCAS), that operates air services between
Somalia and Kenya and within Somalia, has been suspended due to the
heightened insecurity throughout the country. As one of the results,
travel schedules of humanitarian aid-workers to and from Somalia are being
disrupted. Overall, suspending UNCAS flights has the effect of suspending
most of the humanitarian activities in Somalia, further frustrating the
already weak humanitarian access to the vulnerable people in Somalia.

(c)  Several planned activities were to be suspended due this new
development, including the distribution of relief food commodities to the
drought affected populations in Somalia, setting up school feeding
activities in Somalia and the nutritional survey to malnourished children
in the food insecure areas in the north. The suspension of these and other
activities will have negative impact on lives and livelihood of the
country's poor people. Plans for improving security around airfields used
by UNCAS within Somalia is being discussed by the UN Security Management
Team (SMT)

(d)  The Deyr seasonal rains have begun in areas in the northern parts of
the country but have not had any major impact in alleviating the emergency
situation faced by the country's farmers and pastoralists alike. The
drought affected population will need emergency assistance for at least
another six months.


8)  Sudan

(a)  WFP continues food deliveries and distributions in an immensely
difficult operating environment. In September, the effects of the rainy
season caused widespread disruption of WFP activities in Darfur,
particularly in West Darfur, forcing WFP to continue airdrops to reach IDP
camps and locations cut off by roads. Insecurity also severely impeded
deliveries to South Darfur.

(b)  Despite the challenging operating environment, WFP managed to
distribute more than 21,000 tons of food to over 1.33 million
beneficiaries. This was as a result of a number of factors: significant
carry over stocks at the end of August which fed into September's
distributions; excellent performance of our cooperating partners; enhanced
deliveries via road and air as a result of new assets and local transport
contracts.

(c)  A four-week in depth food and nutrition security assessment including
the Government of Sudan (GoS), WFP and UN agencies, NGOs and the Centre
for Disease Control (CDC) was recently completed in the Darfurs. The
findings will help the humanitarian community to understand more
accurately the food and nutritional needs of host communities and those
displaced in Darfur as it emerges from the rainy season. The mission's
findings and additional findings from a recent International Committee of
the Red Cross (ICRC) assessment mission, will serve as the basis of
beneficiary figures for the coming months and provide indications required
to prepare for the humanitarian situation in Darfur in 2005. It is
important to note that this is the first joint survey conducted in all the
Darfurs of both residents and IDPs since the recent conflict began and
will serve as a baseline for future surveys to monitor the evolving
situation.  The final report will be released by November.

(d)  Air deliveries for September stand at some 4,660 tons, 77 percent of
the targeted 6,000 tons (revised in mid-September) due to delays in
clearing aircraft and in aircraft maintenance. A total of about 2,115 tons
of food commodities were airdropped to locations in West Darfur and to one
location in South Darfur in September. Airdrops will continue during
October, as some roads remain impassable following the rainy season.

(e)  Confirmed contributions received to date against the EMOP amount to
USD 166,692,378, representing approximately 82 percent of the total
requirement. In terms of tonnage, a total of about 185,335 tons is
confirmed, representing about 82 percent of the total requirement.
Substantial quantities of food will be required for 2005 based on the
results of the food and nutrition security assessment mission. It should
be noted that the large cash shortfall is partly due to outstanding WFP
Immediate Response Account (IRA) loans, which will require repayment. WFP
pre-financed the operation to ensure continued delivery of urgently
required food assistance. For the two supporting Special Operations
(logistics augmentation and humanitarian air services), the shortfall
amounts to USD 4.1 million.


9)  Uganda

(a)  The protracted Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) insurgency in the
northern Acholi and Lango regions (Gulu, Kitgum, Pader and Lira districts)
continues to severely constrain the livelihoods of the displaced
population. Over 1.4 million displaced persons, forced to seek shelter in
over 100 congested protected camps, continue to depend on WFP food
assistance for survival. Rebel ambushes in Kitgum and Pader districts
continue on a daily basis.

(b)  WFP food distribution continues to reach the more than 1.4 million
displaced persons, 150,000 refugees and other vulnerable persons. During
the period 27 September to 2 October, 2,150 tons of WFP relief food
assistance was distributed to over 227,325 persons including IDPs
sheltering in camps in Gulu, Kitgum, and Lira districts in the northern
Acholi and Lango sub-regions; refugees, school children and other
vulnerable persons.

(c)  WFP, together with the Ministry of Health and district authorities,
is conducting a nutrition survey in all 33 IDP camps in Gulu District.
WFP, in partnership with UNICEF, Save the Children (Denmark) is planning
to undertake nutrition surveys in 17 additional new camps in Gulu. Data
from the new camps will guide future interventions.

(d)  WFP, together with Lira District authorities, and NGO partners
(Christian Children's Fund and Light Force International) is registering
the population of Extremely Vulnerable Individuals (EVIs) displaced in the
municipality. The EVI's will receive assistance under WFP's Social Support
programme.

(e)  A prolonged dry period affected Adjumani, Moyo and Yumbe districts in
the West Nile region during May-August 2004. WFP conducted a rapid
Emergency Food Needs Assessment (EFNA) in September. The assessment
confirms the need for food intervention and WFP will provide some 1,400
tons of food assistance to 146,000 persons.

(f)  Based upon the recommendations of an inter-agency Crop Yield
Assessment conducted in the Karamoja region, WFP will provide a one-off
food assistance to the four most affected sub-counties (Kalapata,
Nadunget, Rupa and Katikekilegap) before the next harvest. Up to 500,000
Karimojong people will be affected by drought if rains are not steady
through December.

(g)  WFP faces a shortfall of 21,542 tons of food commodities (11,652 tons
cereals, 3,874 tons pulses and 6,016 tons fortified blended foods),
representing a funding gap of approximately USD 10 million, required to
maintain the food pipeline necessary to continue providing relief
assistance to IDPs and refugees from September this year through March
2005.



D)  West Africa Region: (1) Sahel region, (2) Chad, (3) Cote d'Ivoire, (4)
Liberia, (5) Sierra Leone

1)  Sahel region

(a)  The desert locust situation in the Sahel remains of concern. Hopper
bands continue to develop and new immature swarms continue to form in
southern Mauritania, northern Senegal, Mali and Niger. Other areas
affected are northern Burkina Faso and parts of central and eastern Chad.

(b)  With vegetation drying up due to the end of the rainy season, it is
expected that the locusts will leave the Sahel region this month and head
north for countries such as Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. Nevertheless,
Southern Mauritania, northern Senegal, Mali, Niger and northern Burkina
Faso will continue to be affected as numerous immature swarms reportedly
continue to form.

(c)  The CILSS/FAO missions for the preliminary evaluation of the harvests
have been organised. The harvest period is the most critical moment with
regard to the current infestation and there are concerns a substantial
portion of this harvest could be at risk because of the locust threat. The
ongoing survey and control operations have not made it possible yet to
stop the progression of the infestation. The scale of the locust invasion
largely depends on the efficiency of these operations, and for the time
being, the rate of treatment remains very low.

(d)  At FAO's request, WFP airlifted over 100 tons of pesticides from
Morocco to Mauritania and Senegal from 26 to 28 September, using WFP's
Illyushin 76 aircraft based in Brindisi, Italy.  After that, WFP planned
to perform two additional airlifts from Algeria to Mauritania and Senegal.

(e)  The FAO locust coordination unit in Dakar has been established and
staffing is currently being strengthened. At the regional level, WFP, FAO,
CILSS and FEWS-Net continue the preparation of the field missions for the
preliminary evaluation of the rainfall cereal harvests and the assessment
of the impact of the locust infestation on the food security and the
vulnerability of the affected households. At the country level,
preliminary WFP/FAO/FEWS-Net missions, which aim at estimating the degree
of vulnerability of populations and erosion of their coping mechanisms and
determining the hardest-hit locations, started in Mali and Niger at the
beginning of this week. The CILSS/FAO/WFP crop assessment missions will
start on 10 October in these two countries.

(f)  With regard to the other potentially affected countries (Burkina
Faso, Chad and Cape Verde) close contacts are maintained and information
is collected through WFP's Country Offices as it will be during the
regular CILSS/FAO missions. The assessment teams are already in place in
some cases.

(g)  The findings of the assessment missions, which will be made public
during the first week of November, are eagerly awaited by governments and
partners. Currently there is a lack of information on the infestation and
the impact on the food security and the rural livelihood systems in the
affected zones. The assessments will also provide a general overview of
the desert locust crisis in the Sahel. Once WFP has the findings of the
assessments, the Programme will define an adequate response strategy which
will be formulated from a regional perspective, the locust infestation
being a trans-national issue.


2)  Chad

(a)  Despite government efforts to improve security, tension between
refugees and local residents continues and a number of incidents were
reported. Eighty-four gendarmes have arrived from N'Djamena to Abeche to
strengthen and reinforce security around the camps.

(b)  From 1 to 7 October, the caseload reported by UNHCR totaled 196,000
refugees. Among these over 7,010 refugees are being transferred from the
border areas to the camps. Meanwhile, 8,700 refugees are located on the
border and do not wish to be relocated. Some 400 people out of the 1,200
declared by Chad's National Commission for Refugee Assistance (CNAR), were
registered as refugees and were transferred from border areas to Farchana
camp. The transfer of refugees from Bredjing camp to Treguine camp is
ongoing and continuous. According to UNHCR, approximately 400 refugees per
day are being transferred. UNHCR, for security reasons, plans to find a
new site to relocate over 20,000 refugees from Oure Cassoni. UNHCR
reported that Hepatitis E cases are decreasing in the camps and that risks
of cholera are reducing

(c)  From 1 to 7 October, a general distributions of more than 335 tons of
food commodities assisted 20,100 beneficiaries. The general distributions
commenced on 4 October in the central and southern camps; those in the
northern camps are to take place next week. In addition, almost 45 tons
were distributed to 9,820 beneficiaries under blanket supplementary
feeding programmes. One ton of high-energy-biscuits has been made
available to immediately assist spontaneous refugees in Bredjing camp for
three days, until they are registered by UNHCR. WFP would thereafter
undertake regular food distribution.

(d)  WFP stock position at Abeche and Extended Delivery Points totals
almost 6,820 tons, sufficient to address the requirements of 196,000
refugees of which 51,000 are registered in blanket supplementary feeding
programmes. Planning and organization of the next convoys through the
Libyan corridor are ongoing. Bredjing and Farchana camps are now easily
accessible.

(e)  WFP's Regional Director (RD) for West Africa conducted a
familiarization visit to N'Djamena on 29 September. He met with the
Minister of Agriculture, heads of UN Agencies and donors. He then
proceeded to eastern Chad where he visited Irdimi refugee camp and held
meetings with the Governor of Ouddai and the local authorities in Iriba
Province. The authorities in Iriba informed him that two consecutive years
of poor rainfall has affected pasture and agricultural land as well as
water availability, which in turn has led to social tension between
refugees and the local population.

(f)  A WFP/UNHCR Joint Assessment Mission (JAM) for the Sudanese Refugees
Emergency Operation will start on 25 October. WFP is strongly encouraging
donors' participation and is sending out invitations accordingly.  An
FAO/CILSS Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission (CFSAM) will take place
during the period from 18 to 23 October 2004. The mission will assess the
harvest and will visit the areas heavily affected by locust infestation.
WFP will participate in the mission.


3)  Cote d'Ivoire

(a)  With the planned date for the beginning of the disarmament of 15
October approaching, the situation in the country is becoming tense.
There have been several demonstrations in Abidjan, and on 7 October, UN
peacekeepers were injured in a march against the disarmament process
organized in Bouake.

(b)  From 29 September to 5 October, 653 tons of various food commodities
were distributed to 74,400 people.

(c)  WFP continues to assist about 1,100 IDPs in the town of Gagnoa. These
IDPs are from the north of Cote d'Ivoire or Burkina Faso. Before the
crisis they were working on the fields around Gagnoa. However they have
been chased out by the local populations who accuse them of siding with
the Forces Nouvelles. WFP will conduct another assessment mission to
verify whether an increase in beneficiary numbers is necessary.


4)  Liberia

(a)  On Tuesday 5 October, WFP launched the opening of seven additional
offices throughout Liberia.  UN Deputy Special Representative of the
Secretary General and Humanitarian Coordinator Mr. Abou Moussa lead the
ribbon-cutting ceremony; WFP now has sub-offices in Tubmanburg, Phebe,
Saclapea, Voinjama, Zwedru, Harper and Buchanan.

(b)  From 29 September to 5 October, over 315 tons of food were
distributed to 29,000 beneficiaries

(c)  Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration and Repatriation programme
(DDRR) activities continued smoothly throughout the country, despite the
fact that bad road conditions continued to affect timely delivery of food
commodities to DDRR sites, especially to Voinjama. As the road between
Zorzor and Voinjama has become impassable, WFP and UNMIL have agreed to
start airlifting food to the site from 6 October. According to the
planning, by 8 October, Voinjama cantonment site will be supplied with
almost 85 tons of food. The costs of the airlift operation are covered by
UNMIL.

(d)  The food pipeline continues to face critical shortages, and since
June, WFP has been forced to distribute reduced rations to the approximate
500,000 refugees, returnees and IDPs receiving WFP support.  New
contributions continue to be needed in order for WFP to be able to provide
full rations in the coming months.


5)  Sierra Leone

(a)  From 20 September to 3 October, 910 tons of various food commodities
were distributed to 112,000 people.

(b)  During the same period, WFP conducted a gender baseline survey to
examine Enhanced Commitment to Women (ECW) gender policy commitments in
WFP programmes countrywide.  In addition, WFP carried out an internal
evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of the Sierra Leone
component of the West Africa PRRO, with regard to protection and security.



E)  Southern Africa: (1) Regional, (2) Lesotho, (3) Madagascar, (4)
Malawi, (5) Mozambique, (6) Swaziland, (7) Zimbabwe

1)  Regional

(a)  The recently released Southern Africa Regional Vulnerability
Assessment Committee (RVAC) report indicates that growing poverty,
increased negative impacts of HIV/AIDS on livelihoods, and multi-year
abnormal rainfall seasons resulting in reduced harvests are the main
causes of chronic vulnerability and food insecurity in the Southern Africa
Development Community region.

(b)  Also according to the Southern Africa Monthly Food Security Brief,
household level vulnerability assessments, in those countries that have
been adversely affected by the poor performance of the past rainy season,
reveal widespread levels of food insecurity and erosion of livelihoods
among vulnerable groups.

(c)  The WFP Regional Bureau for Southern Africa held its planning meeting
from 4-6 October.  The main strategic priorities for 2005 include
launching and mobilizing USD 171 million for the first year of the
regional PRRO 10310, Assistance to Populations in Southern Africa
Vulnerable to Food Insecurity and the Impact of AIDS, which is expected to
start in January 2005; preparing a new PRRO in Angola; contributing to the
Common Country Assessment and United Nations Development Assistance
Framework (UNDAF) in 2005 in Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia;
mobilizing resources for refugees operations in Angola, Malawi, Namibia
and Zambia; and strengthening support and partnership with the Southern
African Development Community.


2)  Lesotho

(a)  Food insecurity and vulnerability in Lesotho is increasing. From 29
September to 4 October, WFP and implementing partners distributed about
585 tons of food to some 59,000 beneficiaries, including about 5,000
children under five years of age; 7,000 people affected by HIV/AIDS and
Tuberculosis; 1,000 pregnant and nursing mothers (through health centres);
16,000 beneficiaries under Vulnerable Group Feeding; and 18,000 orphans.


3)  Madagascar

(a)  Household food security has been affected by the non-availability of
rice which is the staple food. The scarcity has caused a significant
increase in local food prices.

(b)  WFP food aid distributions are continuing in the southern Ambovombe
region under EMOP 10236, Assistance to Drought Victims in Southern
Madagascar.

4)  Malawi

(a)  Maize prices in local markets continue to rise, with price increases
of 44% in some areas since August. The food security situation in Phalombe
in southern Malawi was reported to have deteriorated. According to the
Phalombe Rural Development Programme, 60 percent of households in the
district have reportedly run out of food. Households are resorting to
distress coping mechanisms including ganyu (piece work), selling firewood,
assets and livestock.

(b)  The Malawi component of the regional EMOP, Targeted Relief to
Vulnerable Households in Southern Africa, urgently requires 11,000 tons of
food to meet essential needs between now and December.  In September, the
President of Malawi appealed to UN agencies and donors to assist in the
response to the food shortages following last year's poor harvest.


5)  Mozambique

(a)  WFP staff held a meeting with staff from the Ministry for Foreign
Affairs for the Country Programme mid-term review.  All ministries
partnering with WFP (Education, Health, Agriculture, Women's Affairs and
Social Action, and Commerce) as well as the National Institute for
Disaster Management, participated in the review process which focused
mainly on project implementation and coordination as part of the UNDAF.


6)  Swaziland

(a)  From 28 September to 4 October, some 835 tons of food were
distributed to about 53,000 beneficiaries.

(b)  WFP's emergency operation will experience a shortfall of 2000 tons of
cereals and pulses in November and December. The shortfall will have a
negative effect on the household food security of beneficiaries, as the
break will occur in the middle of the lean season.

7)  Zimbabwe

(a)  According to the Monthly Food Security Reportof the Famine Early
Warning Systems Network (FEWS-Net), household purchasing power in urban
areas has been continuously eroded by hyper inflation, estimated at 314
percent in the year to August 2004. The cost of the monthly expenditure
basket for a low income urban household of six, monitored by the Consumer
Council of Zimbabwe (CCZ), went up by about 65 percent to Z$1,4 million
(USD 249) between January and August 2004.

(b)  Poor households in the traditionally grain deficit areas along the
Zambezi River and in the southern parts of Manicaland, Masvingo and the
Matebeleland provinces, are struggling to buy enough food due to the
limited income options they have. A significant number of these households
are already reducing the number and size of meals, as well as earning
small amounts of cash in risky and non-traditional ways, such as gold
panning.



F)  Asia: (1) Bangladesh, (2) DPR Korea, (3) Myanmar

1)  Bangladesh

(a)  About 36 million people in Bangladesh were affected by the monsoon
floods that commenced in the beginning of July. In order to obtain
accurate independently verified information on the short, medium and
longer-term needs of the poor affected by these floods, a Post-Flood Needs
Assessment was carried out by the WFP-led local consultative Disaster
Emergency Response (DER) group.

(b)  Eight multi-agency teams comprising volunteers from 17 different
agencies assessed the 27 worst-affected districts across the country.
The assessment placed equal emphasis on information directly from the
flood victims themselves, and from officials at the district and upazila
(sub-district) level.

(c)  The conclusions of the assessment reinforce the need for urgent
provision of emergency food relief and supplementary feeding until the
next harvest, support to housing rehabilitation and the poor sanitation
situation, as well as the need for continuing support to health care
interventions. Beyond this, the emphasis should be on rebuilding
livelihoods in parallel with infrastructure repair and reconstruction,
through a mix of cash and food-for-work.

(d)  The report also identifies areas for the improvement of disaster risk
management, which should complement the forthcoming project proposals of
the Asian Development Bank and World Bank. The Banks just completed a
joint assessment and programming mission to estimate the flood impact on
the economy and to determine what outside assistance is needed to support
recovery, with an underlying objective of reducing future vulnerability.

(e)  The results of the DER assessment will enable planning, budgeting and
implementation of relief and rehabilitation programmes in each sector.
Detailed results in each district can be downloaded from the DER Group
page of the LCG website: www.lcgbangladesh.org

(f)  Meanwhile, although the monsoon normally ends by mid-October, there
is still the risk of heavy rainfall upstream in the catchment areas of the
major rivers as well as the attendant risk of water being released without
warning.  The cyclone season then prevails until the end of the year,
posing a significant threat to coastal communities.


2)  DPR Korea

(a)  With the on-going harvest of maize and the arrival of ROK rice, the
food security situation in the country has improved. This has also made
prices of rice in Pyongyang drop by 25 percent. However, the government
public distribution ration for October remains at 300-350
grams/person/day.

(b)  Fifteen out of 18 Local Food Production factories were operational
during the period from 2 to 8 October. Production for the period of 27 to
30 September was more than 395 tons.

(c)  With the expected arrival of new contributions in the coming weeks,
WFP will be able to provide rations to all beneficiaries from mid-October
until the first months of 2005. However, any delay in the shipments would
mean further distribution cuts for WFP beneficiaries.


3)  Myanmar

(a)  Under PRRO 10066.2, Assistance to Returnees and Vulnerable Groups in
North Rakhine State and Magway Division (Dry Zone) of Myanmar, over 175
tons of rice was distributed to 5,950 beneficiaries in Northern Rakhine
State during the past two weeks. The rice was distributed through
vulnerable group feeding, school feeding take-home ration,
food-for-training and food-for-work activities.

(b)  WFP, under the PRRO, is undertaking a vulnerability survey to inform
and guide vulnerable group feeding activities in Pauk and Pakokku of Magwe
Division during the last week of October 2004.

(c)  Under EMOP 10345.0, Emergency Food Assistance to Ex-Poppy Farmers in
Northern Shan State, a total of about 1,015 tons of rice was distributed
to some 48,975 beneficiaries through food-for-work, food-for-education and
vulnerable group feeding in Northern Shan State (NSS).  Poppy cultivation
continues in Wa region and it is supposedly the last crop before the
agreed poppy eradication by June 2005. Those communities actively engaged
in poppy production do not qualify under this EMOP. Further assessments
were undertaken in Pangyang/Wenkao and Mongphen /Mongpawk during last week
of September to determine eligibility for food assistance programme.

(d)  In cooperation with the Community Development in Remote Townships
(CDRT) project of UNOPS, a three-day Participatory Rural Appraisal
training workshop was conducted for WFP field staff in Maungdaw.

(e)  The data collection for Enhanced Commitment to Women Baseline Survey
was completed by the 1st week of October in the three project locations:
Northern Rakhine State, Northern Shan State and Magwe Division.



G)  Latin America and the Caribbean: (1) Bolivia, (2) Colombia, (3) Cuba,
(4) Guatemala, (5) Haiti, (6) Nicaragua

1)  Bolivia

(a)  The Government has declared the drought affected El Chaco Region as a
National Disaster Area. On 5 October, the President of the country
released the Supreme Decree Number 27773 by which an appeal for
international assistance is made. It is expected that the Government will
organize a meeting with international agencies.

(b)  WFP authorized an Immediate Response Emergency Operation to support
almost 41,180 villagers with 640 tons from September to November this
year. The Programme is currently procuring the commodities.

(c)  The UN Disaster Management Team will appeal for OCHA resources to
complement current assistance of WFP, UNICEF, and WHO. UNICEF is
supporting a water provision plan, which is intended to distribute water
containers, repair water wells and to provide technical assistance.
UNICEF has also communicated its intention to supplement WFP's food
assistance with products suitable for children under 2 years.


2)  Colombia

(a)  Colombian President Alvaro Uribe said in his speech to the UN General
Assembly on 29 September, that poverty eradication and social growth are
key goals of his government. Mr. Uribe stated that defeating poverty
includes strong and sustained economic growth, and an increase in
transparency and security. He added that the Colombian Government is
developing key programmes to fight against hunger and poverty, including
an increase in technical training and subsidies for school children and
health programs.

(b)  Last Sunday 3 October, 14 people were killed and 5 others were
severely wounded after being attacked by members of an illegal armed group
in rural areas of the municipality of Candelaria, province of Valle,
southwestern Colombia.  According to recent Colombian Government reports
on human rights, antipersonnel mines have killed more than 150 civilians
and at least 352 soldiers so far in 2004.

(c)  A strike by more than 100,000 truck drivers has paralyzed Colombian
exports and has affected food prices in many regions of the country. The
strike was launched on 14 September to press demands on fuel prices,
tolls, weight limits and U.S. trade talks.  The Colombian Truck Drivers
Association has had meetings with the central government in order to call
off the strike, but no agreement has been reached so far. Authorities
calculate that food deliveries in the whole country have been affected
between 50 and 60 percent.

(d)  Heavy rains have intensified in different regions of the country and
have affected small and large cities.  In the province of Cordoba more
than 4,000 families were affected by floods and authorities are evaluating
how to relocate some of them.  In the province of Antioquia transit on
some roads has been interrupted by the strong rains, causing delays in the
delivery of food for some WFP projects located in the municipalities of
San Francisco, San Luis, Cocorna, El Penol, San Rafael and San Carlos.
According to weather specialists the rainy season will continue until mid
November.

(e)  In the context of the PRRO 10158, Assistance to People Displaced by
Violence, last week WFP distributed about 315 tons of food in 11 provinces
to some 49,225 beneficiaries.  These commodities were distributed in
community kitchens and as part of school and preschool feeding activities.

(f)  On 26 September, the Colombian government sent more than 25 tons of
humanitarian aid to Haiti and Grenada in response to their urgent petition
following the emergency caused by the hurricane Jeanne. Eight private
companies and organizations cooperated with the government and the
military in shipping these materials.


3)  Cuba

(a)  On 28 September, in coordination with MINVEC (Ministry for Foreign
Investment and Economic Cooperation) and the Cuban Civil Defense, a joint
WFP/FAO/government visit was carried out to Pinar del Rio province with
the objective of assessing the damage caused by hurricane IVAN in that
area. Government officials of Pinar del Rio highlighted that since 2002
Pinar del Rio province had been hit by 4 hurricanes, 3 of them category 3
on the Safir-Simpson scale and this last one category 5.

(b)  Up to the date of this visit, the total number of persons evacuated
prior, during and/or after the emergency is 253,300. Approximately 35
percent of them remained in shelters during the week of the emergency and
were provided food assistance by the government. The government claims
that because of hurricanes Charley and Ivan, 60,000 persons were reported
with damage to their houses and 900 houses were completely destroyed. In
Sandino municipality, the most western part of the province and one the
hardest hit by the hurricane, the forest in the National Park of
Guanacabibes was practically destroyed with serious implications for the
environment of the area.

(c)  Currently there is no standing crop in the entire province and urban
agriculture has been severely affected. A total of about 28,490 litres of
milk were lost. Serious losses of approximately USD 1,300 million Cuban
pesos were reported in the commercial network due to interruptions in the
electricity supply circuits.

(d)  Measures taken by the government have been the distribution of an
additional ration apart from the one given to the population every month
consisting of an extra kilogram of rice, 0.5 kg of beans and 0.5kg of
split peas to the persons in the five most affected municipalities (San
Juan y Martinez, San Luis, Guane, Sandino y Mantua) for a period of three
months. However, the lack of fresh fruit, vegetables and proteins will
lead to a deterioration in the nutritional situation of the population.
All findings will be duly processed and an assessment will be carried out
to determine whether or not any kind of assistance will be given by FAO or
WFP.


4)  Guatemala

(a)  Meteorologists from the Central America Climate Forum have announced
the onset of "El Nino" conditions in a weaker state than the 1998 event.
Irregular rainfall has already affected basic grains production this year.
Strong winds and hail damaged corn and bean crops in the village of Lemoa,
province of Quiche.

(b)  The UN Verification Mission in Guatemala (MINUGUA) launched its ninth
report on the verification of the Peace Accords, which illustrates the
achievements and remaining challenges in their implementation.  The
peacekeeping mission will end its mandate on 31 December and UN agencies,
including WFP, shall become more involved in supporting the Peace Process.

(c)  Food distribution under the relief component of PRRO 10212, Targeted
Food Assistance for Persons Affected by Shocks and the Recovery of
Livelihoods, continued to the provinces of Totonicapan, Quetzaltenango,
Solola, Chichicastenango, Jalapa, and Jutiapa.  A total of over 275 tons
of maize, beans, CSB and vegetable oil were distributed to contribute to
the nutritional recovery of children, pregnant and lactating women, and
their families suffering from recurring shocks.  An additional 9 tons of
the same food products were distributed to 560 families (2,800
beneficiaries) as an incentive for their participation in assets creation
under the recovery component of PRRO 10212 in the province of El Progreso.


5)  Haiti

(a)  The security situation in the coastal city of Gonaives has improved
as a result of an increase in the presence of Haitian policemen and
MINUSTAH peacekeepers. However, tensions have increased in Port au Prince
since 30 September, when policemen were killed in a demonstration staged
by supporters of former President Aristide. The ensuing urban guerilla
operation, dubbed "Operation Baghdad" in protest against the US policy in
Haiti, has created a heightened the climate of insecurity in the town.
This has affected WFP's ability to remove food and other commodities from
the port in Port-au-Prince. However, convoys available for use by the
entire humanitarian community and secured by MINUSTAH and are now
organised to move the food and other commodities held in areas outside the
port area of Port au Prince and from Cap Haitien to the affected areas.

(b)  From 27 September to 3 October, WFP dispatched a total of about 350
tons of food to the affected areas in Gonaives and its surroundings. and
reached for the first time Port de Paix. A total of 402 tons of
commodities (357.3 in Gonaives; 14.9 Gonaives surrounding areas; 29.8 Port
de Paix) were distributed to 112,650 beneficiaries. Some 100 tons of High
Energy Biscuits (HEB) airlifted from the UN humanitarian depot in
Brindisi/Italy arrived in the country on 1 October and have been sent to
Gonaives.

(c)  Distributions in Gonaives have been facilitated by the identification
by the local authorities of 37 distribution points that are protected by
MINUSTAH and used on a rotational basis. However, limitations in the
number of trucks and staff mean that only 4 distribution points can be
served each day. In order to further facilitate the distributions, WFP has
sent a team of food monitors to Gonaives and is requesting implementing
partner CARE to issue beneficiary cards. Following reports of food being
stolen from female beneficiaries leaving the distribution sites WFP and
other international agencies have been calling upon the Haitian government
to ensure the protection of beneficiaries.

(d)  Other organizations currently distributing food in Gonaives include
IFRC, the Haitian Red Cross, the Haiti Civil Defense and local
authorities. As the floods have washed roads away, the only possible
access to the affected areas north of Gonaives, including the communes of
Ennery, Pilate, Passe Reine and Savanne Carre has been from Cap Haitien.
WFP has thus been the only organization distributing food in these areas
as well as cooking kits and water purification tablets on behalf of GAA
and the Haitian Red Cross. During last week, 3,000 beneficiaries in the
above mentioned communities received two weeks rations. Since the onset of
the crisis, a total of almost 36 tons was distributed to 7,200
beneficiaries in these areas.

(e)  On 3 October, a WFP assessment found that access for small trucks has
been restored between Cap Haitien and Port de Paix and the first
distribution was organized for 2,900 beneficiaries.

(f)  In addition, WFP provided logistical support to ship 1,000 gas stoves
and 12 water tanks donated by local companies.

(g)  As a consequence of the closure of the port in Port au Prince since
30th September WFP has been unable to collect 134 containers of food
commodities in the port and dispatch their contents to Gonaives. If this
situation continues, the consequences will be severe as the current
stocks, in particular of rice, are almost exhausted. WFP has requested the
support of Government and MINUSTAH to secure access to the port.

(h)  On 1 October, a post-flood Flash Appeal of USD 32 million, including
USD 5.9 million for WFP, was launched by the international community.


6)  Nicaragua

(a)  On 30 September, an earthquake reaching 5.1 on the Richter scale was
felt in north-western Nicaragua and on 1 October another earthquake
reaching 5.4 on the Richter scale caused some panic, but neither loss of
life nor material damage in the Central and Pacific part of the Nicaraguan
territory.

(b)  A joint FAO-WFP monitoring mission confirms widespread crop losses
and a precarious food security situation in northern Nicaragua.
Consequently, on 4 of November a systematic WFP evaluation of the effects
of the drought and the general food security situation will begin.
Collection of data in the field will last for two weeks and cover 20
municipalities affected by crop losses.

(c)  Food distributions under the IRA/EMOP to affected families of the
Cerro Musun mudslide in Rio Blanco and Matiguas continue. Due to the fact
that the some of the affected families are beginning to return to their
homes, distributions are taking place in the shelters as well as in the
communities.

(d)  Food distributions under PRRO 10212.0 also continue. Currently, a
total of over 67,465 school children are being assisted in the RAAN and
some 11,495 school children in the municipality of Matagalpa. In addition,
over 10,025 vulnerable children under 2 years of age; almost 8,730
expectant and nursing women and 2,000 poor rural families are also being
assisted in the northern and central region of the country.

(e)  PRRO 10212.0 will face shortfalls through February, beginning in
September, of beans (some 200 tons), rice (some 200 tons) and of Vegetable
Oil (100 tons). If no commodities are announced in the coming months or
those that are announced arrive late, the PRRO will face serious pipeline
breaks.


Note: All tonnage figures in this report refer to metric tons (MT).

END WFP Emergency Report No. 41, 2004


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