World Food Programme Emergency Report 2004
Issued Weekly by the United Nations World Food Programme
Report No. 43 of 22 October 2004


(A) Highlights
(B) Middle East, Central Asia and Eastern Europe: (1) Afghanistan,
     (2) Russian Federation
(C) East and Central Africa: (1) Regional, (2) Burundi, (3) DR Congo,
     (4) Djibouti, (4) Eritrea, (5) Ethiopia, (6) Republic of Congo,
     (7) Rwanda, (8) Somalia, (9) Sudan, (10) Uganda
(D) West Africa: (1) Sahel region, (2) Chad, (3) Cote d'Ivoire,
     (4) Guinea, (5) Liberia, (6) Sierra Leone
(E) Southern Africa: (1) Regional, (2) Angola, (3) Lesotho, (4) Malawi,
     (5) Mozambique, (6) Namibia, (7) Swaziland, (8) Zambia, (9) Zimbabwe
(F) Asia: (1) Bangladesh, (2) DPR Korea, (3) Indonesia
(G) Latin America and the Caribbean:  (1) Colombia, (2) Ecuador,
     (3) Guatemala, (4) Haiti, (5) Nicaragua


>From David Kaatrud, Director of the Analysis, Assessment and Preparedness
Service (ODA).  Available on the Internet on the WFP Home Page
(www.wfp.org), or by e-mail from Carlo.Scaramella@wfp.org, Chief of the
Emergency Preparedness and Response Unit (ODAP).  For information on
resources, donors are requested to contact Valerie.Sequeira@wfp.org at WFP
Rome, telephone +39 06 6513 2009.  Media queries should be directed to
Brenda.Barton@wfp.org, telephone +39 06 6513 2602. The address of WFP is
Via Cesare Giulio Viola 68, Parco dei Medici, 00148 Rome, Italy.



A)  Highlights

- WFP on 16 October marked the occasion of World Food Day by highlighting
the plight of hundreds of millions of hungry people around the world,
whose problems are overshadowed by high-profile emergencies.

- The worsening security situation in Darfur/Sudan adversely affects WFP's
operations. On the contrary, October food distributions in refugee camps
in Chad were all completed.

- Smooth implementation of humanitarian operations in DR Congo and
Republic of Congo was hampered due to the security situation in parts of
these countries.

- With all of Haiti in security phase III and 111 of its containers
blocked in the port, WFP works hard to find ways of increasing its low
stock balances.



B)  Middle East, Central Asia and Eastern Europe: (1) Afghanistan, (2)
Russian Federation

1)  Afghanistan

(a)  The security situation continues to be fluid, particularly in the
South, Southeastern, and Eastern Regions.  In Kabul, a rocket landed in a
populated area but did not cause serious injuries. Incidents with IEDs,
rocket attacks and mine explosions were observed, as were confrontations
between ANA/CF and AG forces. An alarming upsurge in child kidnapping was
also reported in the Southern Region.

(b)  The counting of ballots during the presidential elections has started
after an independent body was appointed to look into the alleged
irregularities earlier pointed out by some candidates. Although some of
the security incidents were directed against the transporting of ballots
towards the counting centers, it was observed that they were not
widespread and that there were no collective efforts to disrupt the
counting process. The country also paused for a day to observe the start
of the Ramadan month, which to most observers heralds the start of a more
peaceful period in the country.


2)  Russian Federation

(a) In the beginning of October, security measures were intensified in
Chechnya due to the inauguration of the newly elected president of the
republic, Alu Alkhanov, which took place on 5 October. In Ingushetia and
North Ossetia, the cautionary measures were undertaken before 12 October,
which was the end of 40 days mourning after the tragedy in Beslan school.
The situation in the region can be characterized as tense.

(b) A steady return of the IDP population from Ingushetia to Chechnya
continued. According to the Danish Refugee Council (DRC), at the 15
October, in Ingushetia there were some 40, 910 IDPs from Chechnya (which
is about 2,225 persons less than in September), of whom some 15,310 live
in spontaneous settlements and over 25,600 in private accommodation.

(c) During the past fortnight, WFP cooperating partners (CPs) finalized
the distribution of the September cycle, and commenced the distribution
for October. In October, over 40,900 registered IDPs in Ingushetia and
102,800 vulnerable households members in Chechnya will receive food under
the relief distribution programme. The total tonnage to be distributed
under this programme for both republics is over 1,660 tons.

(d) WFP, through cooperating partners DRC, Caritas International, Center
for Peacekeeping and Community Development (CPCD), Hilfswerk Austria
(HWA), Islamic Relief (IR), Open Continent (OC), People in Need (PIN) and
World Vision in the Russian Federation (WVRF), continued the school
feeding programme. Commodities for October were delivered to the schools
in September. The school feeding programme currently covers about 70,720
children from pre- and primary school institutions. In the second half of
October and November, WFP plans to include 84 pre- and primary schools
(some 5,600 children) in the Vedeno and Nozha-Yurt Districts, where the SF
programme will be implemented by WVRF.

(e) During the first half of October WFP, through its Cooperating Partners
PIN, Center for the Prevention of Humanitarian Catastrophes (CPHC) and OC,
distributed almost 260 tons of food commodities to some 2,500
food-for-work (FFW) participants, representing 12,500 primary
beneficiaries for the works implemented in September. The distribution is
still ongoing. Some 2,430 (12,150 beneficiaries) participants are engaged
in FFW activities in October in Grozny city and five other districts of
Chechnya.

(f) In October WHO, WFP partner in the TB programme in Ingushetia, and
MSF-Holland, WFP partner in Chechnya continued assisting both in-patients
and out-patients in the TB hospitals of both republics. In total the
project covered over 350 patients; 6 tons of food commodities were
provided in the beginning of the month.

(g) Caritas International continued providing hot meals for 1,520 of the
most vulnerable population in Grozny city. In October WFP released some 12
tons of food commodities to support this project.



C)  East and Central Africa: (1) Regional, (2) Burundi, (3) DR Congo, (4)
Djibouti, (4) Eritrea, (5) Ethiopia, (6) Republic of Congo, (7) Rwanda,
(8) Somalia, (9) Sudan, (10) Uganda

1)  Regional

(a)  On 14 and 15 October, WFP attended a preparatory meeting for the
international Conference on the Great Lakes that is due to take place in
November this year.  The meeting in Nairobi centered on refugee issues and
how best to deal with them from a regional perspective.  WFP also attended
the OCHA led Consolidated Appeal Process (CAP) meeting in preparation of
the forthcoming 2005 Great Lakes Regional CAP Launch.  This year's theme
will be focusing on gender based sexual violence.


2)  Burundi

(a)  During the summit of the regional Heads of States in Nairobi it was
decided to extend the period of Burundi's Transitional Government until 22
April 2005.  Following this decision, the Independent National Electoral
Commission announced the schedule for the elections, starting in November
2004 with a referendum on the constitution and ending in April 2005 with
Presidential elections.

(b)  Sporadic fighting between the army and elements of the Front for
National Liberation (FNL) rebels was reported in Bujumbura Rural province.
Car hijacking, armed robbery and isolated killings were also reported.

(c)  A few families that had fled to Rwanda during the past weeks have
returned to Kirundo province. Last week, social tensions eased after
various government authorities visited the affected communes. The cross
border movement, however, continued although in smaller numbers. The
displacement was due to inflammatory statements from some politicians and
fear among the local population.  Return of refugees from Tanzania has
significantly decreased with only 323 persons reported last week.

(d)  A joint Catholic Relief Services (CRS), WFP and OCHA assessment
mission visited Minago area in Bururi province to review the food security
of the 491 families that had fled the fighting in Bujumbura Rural
province. The mission concluded that these IDPs would be in need of food
assistance between November 2004 and February 2005. The IDPs have hired
some land from the local population and are expected to harvest in
February.  A food ration will be provided during this period.

(e)  Between 11 and 17 October, WFP distributed nearly 2,200 tons of food
aid to some 215,000 beneficiaries through different programme activities.

(f)  Provision of daily emergency cooked rations to internally displaced
persons (IDPs) in Kabezi commune of Bujumbura Rural province reached 1,250
persons last week, with some 2 tons of food. Distribution of the Seeds
Protection Rations (SPR) continues. Last week, the operation reached
approximately 115,000 beneficiaries in Muyinga, Rutana, Bujumbura Rural,
Makamba and Bururi provinces.

(g)  During the week, WFP Burundi received 1,521 tons of food commodities
with only 413 tons of maize. Cereals pipeline breaks remain the main
constraint for WFP operations.  Unfortunately, the shortfall will continue
in November for both cereals and pulses, and in the coming months for
various other commodities. The loans and anticipated quick purchases and
delivery of food following recent donor contributions are expected to
reduce the amplitude of some pipeline breaks. Further measures of
commodity substitution are currently being pursued.


3)  D.R. Congo

(a)  Reports from Bunia indicate a volatile security situation in Ituri
district. Some of the militia groups reportedly consider humanitarian
workers as spies. The smooth implementation of humanitarian activities is
therefore hampered in areas under the control of these militia groups. In
North Kivu province, the areas of Ruthsuru, Beni and Butembo were the most
affected by military operations from uncontrolled armed bands.

(b)  According to official sources, governmental troops regained control
of Kilwa (located in south Kalemie/North Katanga area) on 15 October.
The attack, which started on 14 October, created panic among the 6,000
Kilwa inhabitants. Many fled to Zambia. The insurgents' leader, who was
severely wounded during the battle with loyalist government troops, was
captured.

(c)  In North Kivu province, WFP distributed a total of 730 tons of food
commodities to some 82,000 beneficiaries under general distributions and
seeds protection packages. WFP together with UNICEF also distributed food
and seeds/hoes respectively, to around 980 displaced families who recently
returned to their villages in Ituri district.  They had been displaced in
March/April 2004 due to ethnic conflicts.  In addition, food distributions
to some 700 returnee families expelled from areas in Uganda bordering DRC
have started.


4)  Djibouti

(a)  On 16 October, a mission led by the Minister of Interior and
comprised of ONARS (Djibouti Government's partner) UNHCR, Association of
Medical Doctors of Asia (AMDA) and WFP representatives visited the Aour
Aoussa refugee camps to inform the Somalia refugees that UNHCR and WFP
were ready to support their immediate return to south Somalia. The mission
confirmed that UNHCR had been assigned with the task of chartering a
passenger boat for the repatriation as soon as the registration of those
refugees willing to return home was completed. WFP will provide all
refugees returning home with return packages.  Therefore, the transfer of
the prima facie refugees from the Aour Aoussa transit camp to the Ali
Addeh refugee camp has been suspended. On 18 October, UNHCR began with the
registration of those who opted for voluntary repatriation.

(b)  (b) During the celebration of the World Food Day on 16 October at the
Ministry of Agriculture, with the President of Djibouti as guest of
honour, the Minister of Agriculture highlighted the efforts of WFP in the
field of agriculture production promotion, through its food-for-work
programmes. The 166 water infrastructures (water wells, catchments and
reservoirs) to be created or rehabilitated by WFP in the next six months
will greatly contribute towards the mitigation of drought on Djibouti's
pastoral and agro-pastoral population.


5)  Eritrea

(a)  The UN Secretary-General's Special Envoy for the Humanitarian Crisis
in the Horn of Africa, visited Eritrea from 13 to 16 October. He met with
the President of Eritrea, Government officials, donors and representatives
of humanitarian agencies, as well as with members of the UN Country Team.
During a field trip, he visited IDP camps in Gash Barka region. This was
his third mission to the region.

(b)  The harvest prospects for the coming cropping season remain low.
Field observations in many areas of Gash Barka and Anseba regions indicate
that less than a quarter of the crops could be harvested. The remainder is
already being used as animal feed. Infestation by pests such as armyworm
(reported in Debub), grasshoppers and chaffer beetles (reported in Gash
Barka) are further reducing expected yields.

(c)  The livestock situation is relatively satisfactory for this time of
the year, though the prospects for fodder stocks to cover the coming
dry-season are less promising. This situation may explain recent drops in
the price of livestock as reported in both Anseba and Northern Red Sea.

(d)  Drinking water availability remains problematic in large parts of the
country, including the capital Asmara where citizens are urged to conserve
water and rationing schedules have been introduced in part of the city.
The prices of imported commodities continue to rise - including fuel,
which is again being rationed.

(e)  Resourcing levels remain unchanged. WFP will continue to mobilize
resources in order to offset the remaining shortfall of 57,878 tons for
Eritrea's EMOP and PRRO operations.


6)  Ethiopia

(a)  A new PRRO 10362.0, Enabling Livelihood Protection and Promotion, for
the period from 2005 to 2007 in Ethiopia, was approved by the WFP
Executive Board on 13 October. The three-year PRRO replaces the annual
EMOPs that have been used to cover both predictable and unpredictable
emergency needs. Under the PRRO, 3.8 million people will be assisted by
WFP (1.7 million under a relief component and 2.1 million under a recovery
component). Relief includes general food distribution and food-for-assets
to communities affected by severe unpredictable food shortages. Recovery
includes Labour Intensive Productive Assets (LIPAs) undertaken by
able-bodied beneficiaries in chronically food-insecure communities, and
targeted supplementary feeding to vulnerable children and women. The
portfolio of LIPA activities includes community works, on-farm
improvement, and environmental protection, and will be part of the
Government's new Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP). The activities
will be selected by the communities and integrated into district-level
development plans, consistent with the government focus on
decentralization and community empowerment.

(b)  The objectives of the Government's Safety Net Programme, as described
in the Programme Implementation Manual, are to provide transfers to the
food insecure population in chronically food insecure woredas in a way
that prevents asset depletion at the household level and creates assets at
the community level. The programme will thus address immediate human needs
while simultaneously supporting the rural transformation process,
preventing the long-term consequences of short-term consumption shortages,
encouraging households to engage in production and investment, and
promoting market development by increasing household purchasing power.
Some of the main features are multi-annual funding, transition towards
cash-based programming, expanded public/community works, transfers for
health interventions, targeted supplementary feeding, linkages with
broader food-security programmes and harmonized budgeting, monitoring and
evaluation. The programme will begin in January 2005, to target a total of
5 to 6 million people in 2005.

(c)  Any emergency needs outside the safety net programme will be based on
the results of the regular main-season (meher) assessment by multi-agency
teams, with the participation of the Government, UN agencies, NGOs and
donors, due to start 6 November. WFP takes part in all teams. The annual
FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission will also take place in
November.

(d)  The food basket for general rations under the PRRO includes pulses
and vegetable oil in addition to cereals. Micronutrient-fortified blended
food is also provided to a proportion of the beneficiaries. Among
beneficiaries of general rations and food-for-work, an average of 387,000
children under five years of age and 313,000 expectant and nursing mothers
will be assisted annually through targeted supplementary feeding by WFP.
This will support a broader UNICEF/government programme of Enhanced
Outreach Strategy for Child Survival Initiatives.

(e)  The total WFP food requirement for 2005-2007 under the PRRO is some
1.4 million tons - 1.2 million tons plus a contingency of 165,300 tons.
The total cost to WFP is USD 780 million. Of the total, approximately
494,000 tons are required in 2005. When possible, depending on donor
funding modalities and availability of stocks, local purchase of food
commodities will be undertaken.


7)  Republic of Congo (RoC)

(a)  On 6 October, a goods train transporting cement, vegetable oil and
other goods from Pointe-Noire to Brazzaville was stopped and looted
between Kimbedi and Loulombo railway stations in Pool region. On 9
October, government authorities decided to let the army alone escort the
trains with heavy weaponry, instead of the previous joint escort by Ninja
rebels and Gendarmes, a measure introduced in November 2003 to prevent and
limit incidents caused by uncontrolled armed militias. However, that
decision has so far not shown any positive results. In another incident on
17 October, a passenger train was attacked, travellers robbed and train
wagons seriously damaged. As a result of the frequent looting, which has
led to the loss of approximately USD 797,000, the Director of the railway
company, Congo Ocean Railway Co-orporation (CFCO) decided to stop all
trains until further notice.

(b)  Insecurity in the Pool region and mostly on the railway traffic is
seriously hampering WFP operations, as delivery of food from Pointe-Noire
Port to the extended delivery points (EDPs) of Nkayi and Brazzaville is
only possible by rail. Last month, food distributions were carried out
with incomplete rations due to a shortage in the Brazzaville warehouse.
Most of the Pool region remains under UN Security Phase IV, even though
some parts in the north and south of the region were upgraded to Phase III
to permit restricted visits to the region.


8)  Rwanda

(a)  The security situation remained calm.  Influx of Burundians into
Rwanda via Bugesera continues with the arrival of some 495 Burundian
refugees during last weekend.  The Burundian Ambassador to Rwanda visited
and thanked WFP for the relief assistance provided to Burundians who have
been fleeing Kirundo since the beginning of October. The total number of
Burundians at the transit camp in Ngenda district, Kigali Ngali stands at
1,550 persons. They are accommodated in a primary school pending their
relocation to a new site identified by UNHCR and the Ministry of Local
Government, Community Development and Social Affairs (MINALOC) in Umutara
province. UNHCR confirmed that some 88 Burundians in Mamba transit camp,
Butare province and 38 Burundians in Ngenda transit camp have registered
for repatriation to Burundi following the visit of the Kirundo Provincal
Governor on 16 October.  WFP has been assisting the refugee caseload in
Ngenda transit camp with one-week rations and plans to distribute another
weekly ration before the end of the current week.

(b)  Presently, the total Congolese and Burundian refugee caseload in
Rwanda is some 42,345 people.  The breakdown is as follows: 38,767
Congolese refugees (18,307 in Gihembe, Byumba province; 17,362 in Kiziba,
Kibuye province, 2,978 in Nyagatare transit camp in Cyangugu province and
120 in Nkamira transit centre in Gisenyi province) and 3,579 Burundian
refugees (1,169 in Kigeme, Gikongoro province (including 460 newly
transferred from Ngenda transit camp), 860 in Mamba transit camp in
Gikonko, Butare province and 1,550 in Munazi Primary School in Ngenda,
Bugesera province.

(c)  WFP successfully completed the distribution of ration cards to women
in the two Congolese refugee camps (Gihembe and Kiziba) together with the
verification exercise carried out at Gihembe refugee camp in Byumba
province, during the second week of October.

(d)  WFP has distributed some 170 tons of food commodities to the
Congolese and Burundian refugees at transit camps in Cyangugu, Butare and
Ngenda provinces since the beginning of the conflict in late May this
year.


9)  Sudan

(a)  The security situation in all three states continues to be extremely
volatile, adversely affecting operations. Unidentified men in civilian
clothing or in uniform attacked a number of WFP subcontracted commercial
trucks either travelling in convoys or alone in South Darfur. Most of the
trucks were well marked with WFP flags and stickers. While no casualties
have been reported and no WFP food looted, the assailants took personal
belongings of drivers and in some cases assaulted them.

(b)  In light of the growing insecurity in North Darfur, several areas
have been declared 'NO GO' areas by UN Security: south of El Fasher
(beyond Zamzam camp), northwest of Kutum (from El Dor), north of Kutum
(Disa ?El Dor) and north of El Fasher (beyond Mellit to Malha). The
security situation in South Darfur also remains tense. Several incidents
of banditry involving armed men who attacked villages were reported.
Attacks on IDP locations were also reported, with IDPs fleeing to other
IDP locations in Kubum, Labado and Muhajaria. Masteri, in West Darfur
continues to be a 'NO GO' area due to reports that Arab militia around
Masteri were harassing the local non-Arab population whenever they moved
outside the village.

(c)  At 18 October, WFP had dispatched about 11,065 tons of food to an
estimated 632,230 beneficiaries (based on dispatches) from Area Offices
(AO) to Cooperating Partners (CPs). It should be noted that if insecurity
persists and closures of areas remain, it is likely that WFP may not be
able to meet its target of reaching 1.6 million beneficiaries for the
month. Shortages in trucking capacity within the commercial transport
sector and slow deliveries of locally purchased commodities will also have
a negative impact on WFP's ability to meet targets for the month. In
addition, the holy month of Ramadan has also slowed down operations,
particularly at the port and stores.

(d)  The WFP barge operation in Upper Nile started on 20 October and is
aiming to carry out food distributions to 11 locations along the White
Nile and Zeraf corridors namely: Worjak, Kaldak, Atar, Deil, Dour, New
Fanjak, Bichukhuol, Kuarkhan, Pakan, Wichmon and Tonga. Two field teams
(comprising of WFP, NGO partners and a representative of Humanitarian Aid
Commission (HAC) Jonglei) are carrying out headcounts and verification
prior to the food deliveries and by 21st October, food distribution in
Worjak had already started.

(e)  The resourcing situation for EMOP 10048.02, Food Assistance to
Population Affected by War and Drought, and the supporting Special
Operation 10368.0, Emergency Road Repair and Mine Clearance of Key
Transport Routes in Sudan in support of EMOP 10048.02, remains unchanged;
they still urgently require donor contributions to cover shortfalls. EMOP
10048.02 faces a funding shortfall of 35 percent against operational
requirements and 25 percent in terms of tonnage. The SO is approximately
68 percent under-funded.


10)  Uganda

(a)  The protracted Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) insurgency in the
northern Acholi and Lango regions (Gulu, Kitgum, Pader and Lira) continues
to place severe constraints on the livelihoods of the displaced
population. Over 1.4 million displaced persons, sheltering in over 100
congested protected camps, continue to depend on WFP food assistance for
survival.

(b)  The security situation in Gulu, Kitgum, Pader and Lira districts
remained relatively stable, though LRA rebel activity was reported in
parts of Kitgum and Pader districts, and attacks by Karimojong warriors
were reported in the Olilim and Orum sub-Counties in Lira.

(c)  The UN Under Secretary General for Humanitarian Affairs, Jan Egeland,
has urged countries to do more to end what he called a "litany of horrors"
stretching back 18 years. Addressing the UN Security Council on 21
October, Mr Egeland said Northern Uganda is suffering the most neglected
humanitarian crisis in the world with 20,000 children caught up in the
war. The conflict has displaced about 1.6 million people. "There is a
peace process in Sudan which can have a positive spillover because the war
in Sudan had a negative spillover earlier on the conflict in northern
Uganda", Mr. Egeland told reporters after the briefing. (d)  WFP completed
distribution of the resettlement package to some 90,000 former IDPs in
Kaberamaido district, in the eastern Teso region. Approximately 1,600 tons
of food were distributed.

(e)  WFP food distributions continue to reach over 1.4 million displaced
persons, 150,000 refugees and other vulnerable persons. During the period
from 9 to 15 October, 3,550 tons of WFP relief food assistance was
distributed to some 299,830 persons including IDPs sheltering in camps in
Gulu, Kitgum, Pader and Lira districts in the northern Acholi and Lango
sub-regions; refugees, school children and other vulnerable persons.

(f)  WFP, together with Save the Children (Uganda), FEWS-Net and the
Government of Uganda (OPM), are conducting a Household Economy Assessment
(HEA) in Moroto district, Karamoja region to establish not food assistance
requirements in the area before the next harvest. Based on the results of
the assessment, WFP will determine where and when food aid assistance will
be required before the next harvest.

(g)  WFP faces a shortfall of some 22,670 tons of food commodities (about
14,275 tons cereals, 3,445 tons pulses and 4,950 tons fortified blended
foods) representing a funding gap of USD 10 million required through March
2005.



D)  West Africa Region: (1) Sahel region, (2) Chad, (3) Cote d'Ivoire, (4)
Guinea, (5) Liberia, (6) Sierra Leone

1)  Sahel

(a)  With vegetation drying up due to the end of the rainy season, desert
locust swarms have started to leave the Sahel since the beginning of
October and have started re-appearing in North Africa.

(b)  An Ilyushin-76 operated by WFP and based at the UN Humanitarian Depot
at Brindisi, Italy, recently airlifted more than 160 tons of pesticides to
Mauritania, Senegal and Chad at FAO's request.

(c)  The CILSS/FAO missions for the preliminary evaluation of the harvests
are currently ongoing. At the same time, WFP, in collaboration with its
operational partners (FAO, CILSS, FEWS-Net) is leading missions for the
evaluation of the impact of locust infestation on the food security of the
affected population and the coping mechanisms they have developed to face
the crisis.

(d)  Preliminary findings of the WFP needs assessments already conducted
in Niger and Mali indicate that the damage on crops is not only caused by
locusts but also by drought.

(e)  Only after the current assessments are completed at the end of
October, WFP will be in a position to define its response strategy.


2)  Chad

(a)  The estimated caseload reported by UNHCR is some 196,005 refugees.
Among these, 186,335 are in camps and are receiving food rations. Some
9,670 refugees are reported to be spontaneous. The transfer of refugees
from the overpopulated Bredjing camp to Treguine camp is continuous. The
Chadian government refugee agency (CNAR) reported new arrivals of refugees
coming from the border. It requested that that Chadian residents who are
moving in large numbers from Ade border areas to Djabal camp also be
registered as refugees.

(b)  The situation remained relatively calm around the camps. One incident
was reported in Adre where an armed Sudanese group seeking to steal camels
opened fire at civilians, killing a boy.

(c)  October distributions under EMOP 10327.0, Emergency Assistance to
Sudanese Refugees in Eastern Chad, were completed in all eleven camps.
From15 to 21 October, about 186,335 beneficiaries received 3053.08 tons
of WFP supplied food under general distribution activities. Another 28,080
beneficiaries received 109.63 tons under blanket supplementary feeding
distribution.

(d)  The EMOP also aims to assist 25,000 of the most vulnerable residents
in villages around the camps. WFP is looking at the possibilities of
starting this specific programme without encouraging food aid dependency
among beneficiaries. Local authorities are supporting this initiative.

(e)  Due to limited stocks and delayed arrivals in November, the Food
Sector working group in Abeche, following the General Coordination meeting
(WFP, UNHCR and partners) on 19 October, has recommended to give a 15-day
food ration of 2,100 Kcal in all camps for General Food Distribution and
Blanket Supplementary Feeding activities. In northern camps, rations will
be reduced to 1,929 Kcal for pulses, which face a shortfall of 157 tons
due to late arrivals.

(f)  MSF B and IMC health and nutrition staff have confirmed that the
nutritional situation of the children is improving, as there is a decrease
in the number of children in the therapeutic centers.

(g)  An AusAID delegation completed a visit to camps in Eastern Chad from
16 to 20 October

(h)  Special Operation 10390.0, which provides vital logistics support to
ensure the successful implementation of EMOP 10327.0, is currently
resourced at 13.37 percent.


3)  Cote d'Ivoire

(a)  The 15 October deadline for beginning the disarmament process passed
with the Forces Nouvelles refusing to disarm as the necessary political
reforms had not been implemented.  The week was marked by various marches
and demonstrations throughout the country.

(b)  From 13 to 19 October, 151 tons of various food commodities were
distributed to more than 16,500 people.


4)  Guinea

(a)  From 6 to 17 October, 500 tons of various food commodities were
distributed to 42,000 people.

(b)  Due to pipeline constraints, refugees continue to receive reduced
rations; additional resources are needed from donors in order to provide
full rations.


5)  Liberia

(a)  Currently, 6 out of 15 Counties in Liberia (Grand Cape Mount, Bomi,
Gbapolu, Margibi, River Cess and Bong) have been declared safe for return
of IDPs.  Facilitated return of IDPs is planned to start on 1 November
with Grand Cape Mount County.  The exercise will be conducted in phases
throughout the dry season (November 2004 through May 2005). It is
envisaged that some 100,000 IDPs will be repatriated by the end of
December of this year.

(b)  As part of preparations for the coming facilitation of IDP return,
WFP and IOM are conducting a joint registration exercise of IDP's wishing
to return to Grand Cape Mount. The registration will continue until 30
October and is currently taking place in Blamasee, Perry, Seigbeh, and
Wilson IDP camps in Montserrado County. At 18th of October a total 2,405
individuals had registered for transportation / return to Sinje and Bo
Waterside in Grand Cape Mount Country.  Despite WFP's current food
pipeline constraints, the Programme will support the repatriation and
resettlement

process of IDPs and refugees through provision of a 4 months food ration
as resettlement package to those returning to their original communities
through UNHCR's facilitated repatriation programme.

(c)  From 13 to 19 October, some 1,100 tons of food were distributed to
97,000 beneficiaries. However, the food pipeline continues to face
critical shortages, and since June, WFP has been forced to distribute
reduced rations to the approximate 500,000 refugees, returnees and IDPs
receiving WFP support.  Since August, WFP has not been able to deliver
food to food-for-work (FFW) activities; this measure will continue until
the pipeline situation improves in a sustainable manner.  New
contributions continue to be needed in order for WFP to be able to provide
full rations and complete programmes in the coming months.


6)  Sierra Leone

(a)  From 4 to 17 October, about 1,300 tons of various food commodities
were distributed to 140,000 people.

(b)  WFP conducted meetings with the District Health Medical Teams (DHMT)
to emphasize the need for effective monitoring and supervision of the
medical programmes supported by WFP, in the outreach posts.



E)  Southern Africa: (1) Regional, (2) Angola, (3) Lesotho, (4) Malawi,
(5) Mozambique, (6) Namibia , (7) Swaziland, (8) Zambia, (9) Zimbabwe

1)  Regional

(a)  The NEPAD Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue meeting will be held in
Johannesburg from 22-23 October.  Dignitaries that will be attending this
high-level meeting include six African presidents, and the heads of
various UN Agencies, including the World Bank, the African Development
Bank, and UNDP.  General development issues, including food security, will
be discussed.  Deputy Executive Director Sheila Sisulu will be the senior
representative from WFP.

(b)  WFP and FEWS-Net issued its first Informal and innovative Cross
Border Food Trade bulletin for Southern Africa this past week. Six
countries are being monitored for informal food trade, and the resulting
data collected will better inform decision-making about appropriate levels
of commercial imports and food aid.  The first bulletin indicates that
thus far, the main flow of informal maize trade has been from Mozambique
into Malawi; 34,000 tons of maize has moved, mainly by bicycle, and each
bicycle is normally loaded with three to four 50 kg sacks of maize.

(c)  The Regional Emergency Operation 10290 needs additional pledges of
25,400 tons of cereals, pulses, vegetable oil, and CSB to offset
shortfalls through December.


2)  Angola

(a)  With the rainy season already underway, weather conditions have begun
to rapidly deteriorate in the interior of the country. Amongst other
consequences, this will affect refugee shuttle flights inside the country,
thus possibly further slowing the repatriation process.

(b)  The reconstruction of bridges over the Fulegi and Tovo rivers has
been completed on the road from Cuimba to Maquela do Zombo in Zaire/Uige
Province.  Reconstruction of the bridges will facilitate the delivery of
food assistance to the mentioned areas. The reconstruction of the next
bridge over the Luango River requires de-mining to be completed.

(c)  Empresa Nacional da Navigacao Aerea (ENANA) has announced that it
will cancel all WFP humanitarian air operations in Angola by 23 of October
if the Ministry of Social Assistance and Reintegration does not pay the
landing, navigation and parking fees for aircrafts operated on behalf of
WFP.

(d)  M/V OVERSEAS MARILYN commenced discharging 8,000 tons of sorghum in
Lobito on 15 October.  This is the first shipment of sorghum that WFP has
received in Angola.


3)  Lesotho

(a)  On 14 October, the Maseru Rotary Club, jointly with WFP, distributed
almost 595 parcels of fortified rice and soya protein meal to some 710
beneficiaries of WFP's Home Based Care programme.

(b)  WFP made a handover of non-food items (consisting of rakes,
wheelbarrows, measuring tapes, and sisal strings) to the communities of
Abia and Linakotseng (Maseru Rural) for donga control and earth dam
construction projects under food-for-work activities. These items are a
loan and it is hoped that at the completion of the projects they can be
used for other forthcoming developmental projects.


4)  Malawi

(a)  The UN Secretary General's Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS, Stephen Lewis,
will visit Malawi from 27 to 30 October.  Among the sites selected for the
field visit will be Hospital St Gabriel, in which WFP is supporting
mothers regarding prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child.

(b)  On 19 October, WFP held a school feeding workshop with Ministry of
Education counterparts and food aid monitors to share experiences, to
discuss project challenges and possible solutions and to redefine the role
of the various players.

(c)  FAO and WFP Blantyre at Bangula in Nsanje district jointly conducted
a three-day training on establishment and management of a school garden.
About 20 participants from 20 selected schools from both Chikwawa and
Nsanje attended the training.


5)  Mozambique

(a)  Road access was cut off from Mucumbura to Mussenguezi (Magoe
district) due to heavy rains. Therefore, Chitete, Mussenguezi and Bawa
extended delivery points (all in Magoe district) are accessible only via
Zimbabwe. On the other hand, thanks to dry conditions, a truck has for the
first time been able to reach Luabo. Previously access by road had been
impassable so boats had been used to transport commodities to Luabo.

(b)  A Letter of Understanding was signed with Samaritan's Purse for food
distribution to 17,000 beneficiaries in Chicualacuala, Guija and Chigubo
districts (Gaza province).

(c)  WFP organized the second of five provincial contingency planning
workshops in Manica and Sofala provinces. Fifty-five participants,
including district authorities and partners, attended.

(d)  A delegate from the German Government visited several WFP activities
in Mozambique this week


6)  Namibia

(a)  The Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Rural Development reported a
serious outbreak of Red Locust or Africa Migratory Locust in the Caprivi
Region. Swarms of flying locusts were also seen in Katima Mulilo and
moving across the Zambezi river into Zambia.  There are concerns that
these locusts laid eggs that may hatch during the growing season and may
possibly destroy the pasture land in the affected area.

(b)  The monthly food distribution in the Kassava transit centre for the
month of October has been postponed due to the outbreak of meningitis in
the camp. It is likely that the food distribution will continue this week
benefiting a total of 290 refugees.


7)  Swaziland

(a)  For the 2004/2005 agricultural season, the Swaziland
"Agro-meteorological Update" (1-10 October) forecasts a largely normal to
above normal rainfall for the Highveld and average rainfall for the
Lowveld. No significant rainfall was recorded in the past two weeks; as a
result, only a few areas attempted land preparation activities.

(b)  A delegate from the German Government visited WFP operations in
Swaziland from 21 to 22 October.


8)  Zambia

(a)  FAO confirmed the outbreak of Red Locust invasion in Sesheke
district.  Although no crop destruction has been reported, since this is
off agricultural season, there is imminent danger of the locusts
multiplying and affecting agricultural crop production for 2004/05 in the
affected areas.

(b)  FAO reported the presence of foot and mouth disease in the following
areas: Choma, Monze and Itezhi-Tezhi districts in Southern Province as
well as Munbwa and Chibombo in Central Province.


9)  Zimbabwe

(a)  Zimbabwe received its first rains for this farming season during the
past week. The Meteorological Department has forecast that Zimbabwe will
receive lower rainfall in the first half of this season.

(b)  According to government statistics, inflation levels continue to
fall. Annual inflation for September was 251 percent, 62 points lower than
the previous month. In January this year, Zimbabwe had an annual inflation
rate of over 620 percent.

(c)  State controlled media reported that maize seed supply is improving,
with retailers having about 18,000 tons. The seed producers expect to
supply 30,000 tons and to import 31,000 tons from neighbouring countries.
This will leave a shortfall of about 40,000 tonnes. In sharp contrast, the
supply of fertilizers remains critical, with very small quantities
available for sale. The state owned Grain Marketing Board (GMB) reported
this week that it had now received a total of 380,000 tons of maize at its
depots countrywide. The GMB projects that it will receive about 500,000
tons of maize before the expiry of the grain marketing season.


F)  Asia: (1) Bangladesh, (2) DPR Korea, (3) Indonesia


1)  Bangladesh

(a)  The rainy-season has finally come to an end in virtually all of
Bangladesh. Nevertheless, fresh rains in early October and, more
significantly, raised water levels flowing down the Jamuna and other
rivers in northeast India, have caused renewed flooding in the northern
districts of Bangladesh, causing damage to infrastructure and standing
crops. Many households in the districts most recently affected are
reportedly in need of food assistance, but little has been provided
because most of these districts were not amongst the most heavily effected
during the main bout of flooding (July and August).

(b)  Food insecurity in Bangladesh has worsened, aggravated by the
depressed levels of economic activity caused by the widespread floods. At
the same time, the market prices of commodities such as vegetables and
coarse rice have reached their highest levels in years. In some parts of
the country the prices are 30 percent higher than before the floods.

(c)  The Ministry of Food and Disaster Management has agreed to release
27,000 tons of rice to WFP in advance of a formal letter of understanding.
This rice will be issued on a loan basis and reimbursed later from
confirmed donor commitments.

(d)  Since September, about 600,000 primary school children have been
receiving high-energy biscuits. Emergency distributions of a general food
ration under a pre-EMOP activity that is tied to WFP's country programme
will come to an end by the first week of November.

(e)  Necessary preparations for the commencement this month of an expanded
general food distribution to 903,850 vulnerable households in the six most
affected districts are underway.

(f)  A supplementary feeding programme, to be implemented in collaboration
with UNICEF, is expected to start in early November.

(g)  Only about 20 percent of the total budgetary needs of the EMOP have
been resourced. While additional resources are being solicited, the
country office is proceeding with a limited response that focuses on the
next 2 ? 3 months, the traditional lean season.


2)  DPR Korea

(a)  Harvesting of rice and maize is almost completed and the crops can
now be seen drying in the countryside. Harvesting of vegetables for winter
Kimchi (cabbage and radish) will begin by the end of October.

(b)  Some 18 out of 19 LFP factories operated during the week. Production
for the second week of October was almost 1,250 tons, which is less than
the weekly EMOP requirement. The reason for low production was lack of
packaging materials and some technical problems.

(c)  With the recent arrival of large contributions, WFP is for the first
time in two years able to feed all its beneficiaries with planned rations.
However, with new proposed requirements for 2005, pipeline breaks in
cereals and oil will occur as early as January 2005 for some beneficiary
groups.


3)  Indonesia

(a)  A suicide car bomb was detonated outside the Australian Embassy
compound in Jakarta on 9 September, killing at least 9 people and wounding
over 180. The second round of the Presidential elections on September 20
developed peacefully throughout the country.

(b)  The Government of Indonesia's ban on rice imports is still in force.
WFP has thus far received exemption for some 11,985 tons of rice from the
Ministry of Industry and Trade; however, some 20,000 tons remain under
seal. On 14 September, WFP convened the Food Aid Coordination (FAC)
meeting and briefed the attendees on the shipment by shipment process for
the rice ban exemption.

(c)  In September, approximately 1.12 million beneficiaries under the
various PRRO activities received WFP food assistance amounting to 4,700
tons.

(d)  NGO partners carried out a 30 percent reduction in the number of
beneficiaries of the subsidized rice program (OPSM) in Greater Jakarta and
Surabaya distribution points, due to the limited rice stocks. The
reduction was achieved by closing several distribution points and phasing
out beneficiaries who are less vulnerable to food insecurity. The Ministry
of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS) made several visits to WFP
distribution sites to evaluate the progress under the on-going OPSM
Programme.

(e)  WFP/GOI joint launch of Piloting New Initiatives took place on 24
September. Representatives from the relevant line ministries, food
suppliers, NGO partners, children under 5 years old, primary school
children, Pregnant Women and Lactating Mothers (PWLM) and research
institutes involved in baseline surveys, were present. WFP will provide
fortified biscuits and noodles to 30,000 primary school children, 22,000
children under five and 6,300 PWLM under this initiative.

(f)  WFP distributed rice, amounting to almost 36 tons, to assist over
4,490 TB patients in the project's pilot areas. WFP received the first
progress report of TB Baseline Survey, which highlighted that 50-60
percent of TB patients are underweight; patients consume 1200-1300 kcal
per day. Some 40-55 percent of the beneficiaries are food insecure, come
from low social economic groups and live in unhygienic and densely
populated areas. Needs assessments for TB programme expansion in Greater
Jakarta, East Java and NTT progressed.

(g)  A total of over 81 tons of biscuits, about 14 tons of fried and over
13 tons of dried noodles were released for distribution to cover the
request for September-October under the Posyandu (health post)/ school
feeding programme. The target numbers of the beneficiaries under the pilot
project are as follows: about 30,260 primary school children, some 21,885
children under the age of 5 and 6,350 PWLM in Bogor, Tangerang and
Jakarta. Partner NGOs distributed flipcharts for nutrition education,
beneficiary cards and reporting forms to each Posyandu. Weight and height
scales, donated by a private firm, were distributed to all 103 schools
covered by the pilot school feeding programme.

(h)  Some 39 pre-proposals for Community Development Projects (CDP) are
with NGOs for finalization. A total of 33 projects have been completed
since the start of the CDP program in December 2002.

(i)  Responding to emergencies in Maluku, Central Sulawesi, and West
Timor, implementing partners distributed rice, beans and vegetable oil. In
East Java a new LOA was signed for FFW activities for some 980 households
in Sampang.



G)  Latin America and the Caribbean: (1) Colombia, (2) Ecuador, (3)
Guatemala, (4) Haiti, (5) Nicaragua

1)  Bolivia

(a)  A series of marches led by coca growers, peasants and street vendors
converged in the city of La Paz in protest against President Mesa's law
and called for the hydrocarbons nationalization. The UN system in Bolivia
is monitoring the situation, and the government has committed to keeping
the situation under control.

(b)  On 15 October, following severe drought, the Government declared the
El Chaco region a National Disaster Area.  As part of the Contingency Plan
of the Ministry of Agriculture, with the support of WFP, (through the
Integrated and Participative Rural Development Project in Depressed Areas)
a first food delivery took place in some 93 communities in the
municipalities of Cuevo, Camiri and Gutierrez in El Chaco. The
distribution was led by the vice-minister of Agriculture. WFP sent a
supervision mission to the region last week. Meanwhile, an EMOP to respond
to the needs in the area has been approved.

(c)  Through food-for-work (FFW) and food-for-training (FFT) activities,
some 30 tons of food aid, mainly corn, oil and lentils, were distributed
among mothers with children below five years of age and pregnant women.
These activities are being coordinated with World Vision and the local
church organization Vicariato de Cuevo.


2)  Colombia

(a)  Heavy rains keep causing severe flooding in northern Colombia,
affecting some 52,000 people. The most affected provinces are Norte de
Santander, Atlantico, Bolivar, Magdalena, Cordoba, Antioquia and Sucre.
Colombian Authorities have warned that some 10,500 families have been
affected. Rains are forecast to continue for the coming weeks.

(b)  About 700,000 Colombians took part in a nationwide protest against
Colombian President Alvaro Uribe on 12 October.  Demonstrators came from
trade unions, civic groups and opposition parties, all complaining about
governmental and economic policies. Hospitals in many cities were only
offering emergency services and law courts were closed.  Many classes
across the country were cancelled as teachers joined the protest.

(c)  According to a communication released by Colombia's right-wing
paramilitary armies, on 3 November they will begin a stage of troop
demobilization to reach at least 3,000 illegal rebels by the end of this
year. The demobilization has been questioned, especially by human rights
groups, because the paramilitaries, responsible for a large portion of
massacres of civilians, would receive an amnesty for such crimes under the
deal.

(d)  Five members of the same family, four of them women, were murdered on
the 8th October by armed individuals in Coloso, province of Sucre. On 15
October, a truck transporting WFP food for different implementation
activities in the province of Cesar was stopped and assaulted at an
illegal check point apparently by members of an illegal armed group. More
than 100 bags of food, intended to be delivered to nursing and expectant
mothers, were taken by the rebels. The incident took place in the
municipality of Aguachica, province of Cesar.

(e)  In the context of PRRO 10158, Assistance to People Displaced by
Violence, last week WFP distributed 438 tons of food in 10 provinces to
over 39,540 beneficiaries.  These commodities were distributed in
community kitchens and under food for crisis, food for work, food for
training, nutritional recovery and expectant and nursing mothers
activities.


3)  Ecuador

(a)  An IASC/ OCHA mission visited Ecuador between18 and 22 October to
review the disaster response capacity of IASC agencies and national and
international organizations in Ecuador.

(b)  The UN Emergency Team, in coordination with Ecuador's National Risk
Management Committee, organized an open discussion with national and
international experts and national and local media to commemorate the
International Day for Disaster Reduction. The objective was to inform the
population on disaster mitigation and prevention actions.


4)  Guatemala

(a)  Persistent rains continued to disrupt access in several
municipalities, especially in the Northwest of the country, by damaging
unpaved roads and causing landslides that blocked passage. Around 150
people were evacuated in the municipality of Chisec, province of Alta
Verapaz, after their houses flooded as a result of the heavy rains. A
temporary evacuation shelter was set up at a school. The National
Coordinating Committee for Disaster Reduction, CONRED assisted the
affected families.

(b)  The recent rains have increased soil moisture and improved prospects
for the second or "postrera" harvest, notwithstanding isolated pockets of
drought resulting from an irregular distribution of the rainfall.


5)  Haiti

(a)  Following three weeks of increased security tensions, the UN upgraded
its security phase from II to III in Haiti's capital Port au Prince and in
the south of the country. This implies the relocation of families and
non-essential staff. The whole of the country is now in security phase
III. As major security incidents were expected last weekend in the main
cities, most humanitarian activity was put on hold. The MINUSTAH
peacekeepers were deployed in the major towns to assist the Haitian
police, and thus they could not escort convoys or guard distribution
sites. As a consequence, convoys and distributions were cancelled as a
precautionary measure.

(b)  After almost three weeks of paralysis of the port in Port au Prince,
the situation is still erratic. Patrols and checkpoints have been
established in the troubled areas around the port and customs authorities
are in place. However, a number of workers have not yet returned to work.
WFP is asking the Government for assistance to resolve the problem as
quickly as possible. The situation has had a serious impact on stock
levels. WFP has so far retrieved 24 containers (480 tons of food
commodities) from the port, but 111 containers remain blocked. The
situation has brought most WFP distributions in the country (EMOP, PRRO,
CP) to a halt.

(c)  The security situation and the paralysis of the port had a very
serious impact on the quantity of food commodities that WFP could dispatch
to Gonaives, resulting in a very low stock balance, in particular of
cereals. While it was expected that the number of daily distribution
points would by now have reached six, distributions during from 11 to 17
October took place in only one or two sites daily and no distribution took
place over the weekend.

(d)  To improve the situation, WFP has purchased 440 tons of fortified
maize meal in the Dominican Republic and transported this to Port au
Prince. About 56 tons have already been dispatched to Gonaives. The first
60 out of over 230 tons of fortified biscuits purchased in Cuba reached
Haiti by plane. The rest is expected by the 9th of November.  Almost 28
tons of the biscuits have already been sent to Gonaives.

(e)  From 11 to 17 October, a total of some 110 tons of food commodities
(one week rations) were distributed by WFP's implementing partner CARE to
115,500 beneficiaries in Gonaives, thus bringing the total of food
distributed in this city since the onset of the crisis to 1,760 tons.
WFP is confident that the entire vulnerable population of Gonaives has now
received one-week food rations three times since 22nd September.

(f)  In the areas around Gonaives, a total of 31 tons of food commodities
(one month rations) have been distributed by WFP to 2,500 beneficiaries at
six different distributions sites in Gros Mornes during the period 11 to
17 October, thus bringing the total of food distributed since the onset of
the crisis in the communes around Gonaives to about 133 tons.
Distributions of one month rations to 1,600 beneficiaries in the communes
of Bourg Pilate and Plaisance will be completed by 22 of October

(g)  General distributions will continue until the beginning of November,
after which assistance will consist of distributions to vulnerable groups
and food-for-work. WFP and its implementing partner CARE are currently
working with the local authority to establish vulnerability criteria.

(h)  WFP continues to provide logistical support to the humanitarian
community, and distributed water purification tablets to 5,000
beneficiaries in localities north of Gonaives on behalf of Oxfam.


6)  Nicaragua

(a)  The political crisis has worsened and President Enrique Bolanos is
facing threats by the comptrollers office to remove him from power. A
delegation from the Organisation of American States (OEA) visited
Nicaragua to assist in the situation.

(b)  A strong tornado destroyed 21 houses on 13 October in the
municipality of Nagarote in the western region of Nicaragua.

(c)  During the period 11 to 17 October, data collection for a
systematized rapid evaluation was completed and the data were processed
this week. The evaluation reviews the general food security situation and
the effects of the drought.

(d)  IRA/EMOP food was distributed to families affected by the Cerro Musun
mudslide in Rio Blanco and Matiguas continues. The food distributions
under PRRO 10212.0, Targeted Food Assistance for Persons Affected by
Shocks and the Recovery of Livelihoods also continued. Currently, a total
of over 67,465 school children are being assisted in the North Atlantic
Autonomous Region (RAAN) and some 11,495 school children in the
municipality of Matagalpa. Furthermore, over 10,025 vulnerable children
under 2 years of age; 8,730 expectant and nursing women and around 2,000
poor rural families are being assisted in the northern and central region
of the country.

(e)  PRRO 10212.0 will face shortfalls through March of next year,
beginning with rice (400 tons) in October, beans (211 tons) in November,
vegetable oil (114 tons) in January, and maize (217 tons) in March. If no
commodities are donated in the coming months or those that have been
donated arrive late, the PRRO will face serious pipeline breaks in the
first quarter of 2005.


Note: All tonnage figures in this report refer to metric tons (MT).

END WFP Emergency Report No. 43, 2004


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