WFP Weekly Review - 18: 02-May-97

WFP Weekly Review - 18: 02-May-97


WFP EMERGENCY REPORT

Issued weekly by the United Nations World Food Programme
Report No. 18 of 1997 Date: 2 May 1997

     

     This report includes: A) Burundi, Rwanda, Zaire and Tanzania  
     B) Uganda  C) Sierra Leone  D) Angola  E) Albania.
     
     From P. Ares, Chief, Programming Service. Available on the 
     Internet at WFP Home Page http://www.wfp.org/ or by e-mail from 
     HicksDeb@wfp.org (fax 39 6 5228 2837). For information regarding 
     resources, donors are requested to contact Mr. F. Strippoli or 
     Ms. A. Blum, WFP Rome (telephone 39 6 5228 2504 or 5228 2004).
     
     Note: because of the holiday on 1 May in Rome and in many of the 
     WFP offices reporting on countries below, most information in 
     this issue of the Emergency Report is as of 28/29 April.
     
                            PART I - HIGHLIGHTS
                        (Details below in Part II)
     
     A.  EAST AFRICA: REGIONAL OPERATION FOR BURUNDI, RWANDA, ZAIRE 
     AND TANZANIA 
     
     1.  Zaire - information as of 29 April
     
     a)  Air and road survey missions to locate Rwandan refugees south 
     of Kisangani continue. Some 10,000 refugees located near Biaro 
     camp.
     
     b)  On 29 April, a limited number of trucks are allowed to 
     deliver supplies and return with refugees from Biaro. A train 
     loaded with 115 metric tons of WFP food commodities is delayed 
     awaiting clearance, but as of 1 May had reached Biaro.
     
     c)  Rebels move several hundred refugees from Biaro to Kisangani 
     by train.
     
     d)  Alliance authorities set deadline of sixty days for UN to 
     repatriate Rwandan refugees, but deadline may be flexible. 
     Authorities agree to open up roads and airports for the 
     repatriation. First airlift of refugees directly to Kigali takes 
     place on 27 April. Both WFP and UNHCR planes are involved in the 
     repatriation operation.
     
     2.  Rwanda
     
     a)  Plans for a Food Assessment Unit under discussion between 
     WFP, USAID, FAO and the National Food Committee. Ongoing 
     discussions with SCF-UK concerning a Food Assessment Monitoring 
     and Household Food Security Survey Unit.
      
     3.  Burundi
     
     a)  Short-term assistance required in Gatara commune, Kayanza 
     province, as a result of recent crop damage caused by a violent 
     storm.
     
     b)  Clearance sought from AFDL to move food to Uvira via Burundi, 
     to prepare for return of Zairian refugees now in Tanzania.
     
     4.  Tanzania
     
     a)  Some 7,000 refugees from Burundi cross into Kasulu district 
     through the Biharu and Kitanga border points between 21 and 27 
     April. The most vulnerable refugees are moved by truck by UNHCR 
     to transit centres in Kasulu.
     
     b)  Repatriation of Zairean refugees in Kigoma to Uvira to start 
     once clearance for operation obtained in Uvira. Of the estimated 
     80,000 Zaireans in Kigoma, 5,000 have registered for 
     repatriation.
     
     c)  Deteriorating road conditions in Kigoma hamper food 
     deliveries. 
     
     B.  UGANDA
     
     1.  Update
     
     a)  Attacks on refugee settlements reported in several parts of 
     northern Uganda. Clashes between government and rebels and 
     deteriorating security situation constrain work of aid agencies 
     in Gulu.
     
     C.  SIERRA LEONE
     
     1.  Update
     
     a)  Three-month resettlement rations distributed by WFP to 
     220,000 resettled internally displaced persons in early April; 
     operations now to concentrate on rehabilitation and development.
     
     b)  Spontaneous demobilisation of small groups of RUF rebels 
     continues, but power struggle within RUF is threatening the peace 
     process.
     
     D.  ANGOLA
     
     1.  Update
     
     a)  FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Mission begins.
     
     b)  Demobilisation process gains momentum with the establishment 
     of the Government of National Unity and Reconciliation.
     
     E.  ALBANIA
     
     1.  Update
     
     a)  A WFP country office opens in Tirana.
     
                              PART II - DETAILS
     
     A.  EAST AFRICA: REGIONAL OPERATION FOR BURUNDI, RWANDA, ZAIRE, 
     TANZANIA 
     
     1.  ZAIRE - most information as of 29 April
     
     1.1  Aid agencies continue to carry out air and road survey 
     missions, trying to locate Rwandan refugees scattered in forests 
     south of Kisangani. As reported last week, over 85,000 refugees 
     left their camps at Kasese and Biaro, following attacks by local 
     villagers and rebels. On 28 April, a group of some 10,000 
     refugees was found between km 30 - 41, in the vicinity of Biaro 
     camp. Hungry and exhausted refugees continue to emerge from the 
     forest and the number of refugees at Biaro is now estimated to be 
     between 10,000 and 15,000. Arrangements have been made to provide 
     food and medicines to the refugees at this site, which is 
     expected to become a temporary centre and transit point until the 
     refugees are repatriated to Rwanda. 
     
     1.2  Despite guarantees given by rebel authorities, access and 
     safe passage for staff and vehicles carrying relief assistance 
     for Rwandan refugees is still problematic. On 29 April, an 
     eleven-truck convoy loaded with food and medicine left Kisangani, 
     towards the south. It was planned that the trucks would deliver 
     food and medicines to the refugees concentrating at Biaro, and 
     then return to Kisangani carrying refugees for repatriation to 
     Rwanda. Only three trucks were allowed to pass by rebel 
     authorities and only a small number of refugees could return to 
     Kisangani. A train loaded with 115 metric tons of WFP food 
     commodities and some non-food items also waited several days for 
     authorisation to leave Kisangani for Biaro. Update:  as of 1 May, 
     the train had reached Biaro. 
     
     1.3  Alliance authorities have given the UN sixty days to track 
     down and repatriate Rwandan refugees, but in more recent 
     discussions with the American envoy to the UN, Ambassador 
     Richardson, they have indicated that this deadline may not be 
     strictly applied. Authorities have agreed to open up roads and 
     airports for the repatriation. The plan is to move the refugees 
     who are between Kisangani and Biaro to Kisangani and from there 
     by air to Rwanda. The refugees who are concentrated between Biaro 
     and Ubundu will be moved to the airstrip at km 95 from where they 
     will be flown to Rwanda. The first airlift of refugees directly 
     to Kigali took place on 27 April. On 30 April, several hundred 
     refugees were moved from Biaro to Kisangani by train, a trip 
     organised by rebel authorities. These and other refugees arriving 
     in Kisangani are being flown to Kigali in WFP and UNHCR planes.
     
     1.4  The international airport at Kisangani is now open for aid 
     flights. WFP planes airlifting food from Entebbe in Uganda and 
     Mwanza in Tanzania started landing there on 30 April, instead of 
     at the Municipal airport used so far. From 21 and 27 April, WFP 
     delivered over 550 metric tons of commodities to Kisangani. WFP 
     stocks as of 29 April total 1,040 metric tons of various food, 
     representing a 22 days supply for cereals, 14 days supply for 
     pulses, 37 days for oil, 31 days for salt and a 3 days supply of 
     corn soya blend, for a caseload of 100,000 beneficiaries.
     
     1.5  ICRC has airlifted some 3,000 displaced Zaireans from 
     Kisangani to Goma, since the beginning of this operation on 15 
     April. It is estimated that the total number of internally 
     displaced persons still remaining in Kisangani is around 6,000 to 
     7,000 persons, a much lower figure than previously estimated. A 
     new registration exercise is under process, to determine the new 
     caseload for purposes of food distributions.
     
     2.  RWANDA
     
     2.1  From January to end April, WFP delivered 53,455 metric tons 
     of food to projects and distribution centres in Rwanda. Of this 
     total, 36, 510 metric tons were provided for distribution to 
     returnees and displaced persons, amounting to 2.9 million rations 
     of mixed food commodities. WFP plans to move some 14,000 metric 
     tons of food commodities to Rwanda during the month of May.
     
     2.2  WFP has released the first instalment of funds to support 
     relief food distributions by the National Food Committee (NFC). 
     WFP is presently procuring vehicles and bicycles for delivery to 
     the NFC. The procurement process is due to be completed by mid 
     May. In total, WFP will provide up to USD 293,000 to the NFC.
     
     2.3  WFP is discussing with USAID, FAO and the National Food 
     Committee the establishment of a Food Assessment Unit. 
     Discussions have also been maintained with SCF-UK related to a 
     Food Assessment Monitoring and Household Food Security Survey 
     Unit. It is expected that this unit will identify pockets of 
     poverty and areas considered to be vulnerable, helping WFP to 
     target programme activities more accurately and assisting in 
     building the capacity of the Government in the management and use 
     of food aid.
     
     3.  BURUNDI
     
     3.1  WFP has conducted a road transport assessment of the route 
     to Uvira, in anticipation of planned road convoys through Burundi 
     to Uvira. This is in view of the expected pre-positioning of food 
     in Uvira for the returning refugees from Kigoma camps in 
     Tanzania. All clearances have been received from the Burundian 
     Government and clearances from AFDL authorities are now awaited. 
     
     3.2  WFP is considering the provision of short-term assistance in 
     Gatara commune, Kayanza province, after a storm devastated crops 
     in the area.
     
     3.3  Current food stocks in Burundi stand at 2,586 metric tons. 
     This is sufficient to cover requirements for the next month, 
     except for pulses which are sufficient to cover requirements for 
     two weeks. From 21 to 27 April WFP distributed 527 metric tons of 
     food to 173,336 beneficiaries.
     
     4.  TANZANIA
     
     4.1  Close to 7,000 Burundian refugees crossed the Biharu and 
     Kitanga border points and entered Kasulu district in Tanzania, 
     between 21 and 27 April. UNHCR is trucking the most vulnerable 
     refugees while the others are walking to transit centres in 
     Kasulu.
     
     4.2  The repatriation of Zairean refugees in Kigoma has not yet 
     started, pending clearance from UNHCR in Uvira, Zaire. There are 
     an estimated 80,000 Zaireans in Kigoma and 5,000 have already 
     registered for repatriation. It is considered likely that if a 
     first group repatriates successfully, most of the others would 
     follow. Food to Uvira will be transported either by barge from 
     Kigoma or by truck through Burundi, as described above.
     
     4.3  Deteriorating road conditions in Kigoma continue to hamper 
     food deliveries. Trucks are stuck 75 km away from Kasulu, heading 
     towards Lugufu camp. This is affecting the stock position of food 
     commodities in the camp. Very poor road conditions are also 
     affecting the supply of water to the camp.
     
     B.  UGANDA
     
     1.  UPDATE
     
     1.1  Security remains uncertain in many parts of northern Uganda. 
     Rhino Camp, a Sudanese refugee settlement in Arua was attacked on 
     the night of 21 April. An NGO compound in Arua was also attacked. 
     In Palorinya, another settlement for Sudanese refugees located in 
     east Moyo, refugees and local populations have reported 
     harassment and looting. In Gulu, the deteriorating security 
     situation is limiting movements of aid agency personnel and the 
     road between Gulu and Pakelle is described as unsafe, with 
     clashes between Government soldiers and rebels reported in the 
     Atiak area.
     
     1.2  The Government of Uganda wants all Rwandan refugees who 
     arrived from Tanzania during December and January, and who are 
     presently in camps in south-western Uganda, to repatriate by 15 
     May. Government officials visiting the camps have been passing 
     this message to the refugees and advising that no food or other 
     form of assistance will be provided after this date. Some 7,000 
     Rwandan refugees came to Uganda from Tanzania but many have since 
     left the camps. Presently there are only 3,000 such refugees in 
     camps in Uganda.
     
     C.  SIERRA LEONE
     
     1.  UPDATE
     
     1.1  WFP completed distribution of three-month resettlement 
     rations to more than 220,000 resettled internally displaced 
     persons in early April and is now concentrating assistance to 
     rehabilitation and development-oriented programmes. Some 50,000 
     families are currently involved in food-for-work and 
     food-for-agriculture activities nation-wide. Food-for-agriculture 
     activities include the rehabilitation of thousands of acres of 
     coffee, cocoa, oil palm, citrus fruit, banana and pineapple 
     plantations to jump start the local economy. Food-for-work 
     activities include the construction of housing and shelter in 
     areas of resettlement and the rehabilitation of roads leading to 
     villages.
     
     1.2  The National Technical Committee is implementing a combined 
     food basket monitoring and food security survey to gauge the 
     effectiveness of targeted feeding programmes and ensure that they 
     are meeting the needs of people during this transition period. 
     WFP continues to provide emergency rations to displaced 
     populations where and when necessary as a result of isolated 
     security incidents.  
     
     1.3  A total of 57 rebels have surrendered to local authorities 
     and spontaneous demobilisation continues. Although this kind of 
     demobilisation is seen as a positive sign, the peace process is 
     at a standstill as the power struggle among the rebels continues 
     since the ousting of RUF founder Foday Sankoh in March. On 29 
     March, three members of the Commission for the Consolidation of 
     Peace were abducted by RUF fighters loyal to Sankoh. The 
     Government of Sierra Leone has urged the international community 
     to put pressure on the RUF to release the hostages and move 
     forward with the peace process.
     
     D.  ANGOLA
     
     1.  UPDATE
     
     1.1  A two-week FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Mission began on 28 
     April in Luanda. The mission will visit the provinces of Bie, 
     Bengo, Benguela, Cunene, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Huambo, Huila 
     and Moxico to assess national food production levels and review 
     overall relief requirements for the next year. 
     
     1.2  The demobilisation process has gained momentum since the 
     establishment of the Government of National Unity and 
     Reconciliation. A total of 2,567 soldiers have been successfully 
     demobilised from Central Region quartering areas of Vila Nova 
     (1,009), Londuimbali (203) and Quibala (897) and from the special 
     war disabled centre of Bonga (458). The exercise is currently 
     continuing at the N'Gove and Chicuma quartering areas in the 
     Southern Region. Overall, 3,505 soldiers have been demobilised 
     since the exercise first began with under-age soldiers in 
     September 1996.
     
     1.3  A large-scale government resettlement plan is scheduled to 
     begin in June in Huila province as the impact of the overall 
     peace process extends further. WFP Lubango staff will assess food 
     and other conditions at proposed resettlement sites for some 
     14,700 families residing in displacement camps in Huila and 
     Namibe provinces, in early May. WFP also plans to assist in the 
     transportation of families to their areas of origin. Food and 
     seed protection packages along with non-food items such as 
     building materials and agricultural tools will be distributed to 
     returnees.
     
     1.4  Under a WFP-assisted food-for-work project supporting both 
     internally displaced persons and local villagers, work was 
     completed on the 185 km-long Luanda-Dondo (Cuanza Norte province) 
     railway on 26 April. This is the first time since 1991 that the 
     railway has been operational.
     
     E.  ALBANIA
     
     1.  UPDATE
     
     1.1  As of 1 May, WFP has established a country office in 
     Albania. The address is Musa Karapici Street 4, Tirana. Phone/fax 
     3554241019, mobile phone 355382023314. The office will oversee 
     WFP's ongoing food distribution operations to impoverished 
     families in Albania.
     
     (End WFP Emergency Report No. 18 of 1997 - May 2, 1997)
     

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